AP Chemistry Second Semester Notes
... 1. shiny, conduct heat and electricity, malleable 1. group: increase with energy level and ductile, mostly solids (except Hg) 2. period: no change (Zeff constant) 2. form ionic compounds with nonmetals 3. ionic size (radius) compared to parent atom 3. small positive ionization energy a. smaller ca ...
... 1. shiny, conduct heat and electricity, malleable 1. group: increase with energy level and ductile, mostly solids (except Hg) 2. period: no change (Zeff constant) 2. form ionic compounds with nonmetals 3. ionic size (radius) compared to parent atom 3. small positive ionization energy a. smaller ca ...
Balancing Chemical Equations
... CH4 + O2 CO2 + H2O Notice that there are 4 hydrogen atoms in the reactants and only 2 in the products. Notice that there are only 2 oxygen atoms in the reactants and 3 in the products ...
... CH4 + O2 CO2 + H2O Notice that there are 4 hydrogen atoms in the reactants and only 2 in the products. Notice that there are only 2 oxygen atoms in the reactants and 3 in the products ...
Chemistry Test Ch 11 Stoichiometry
... 6. Use the following equation to answer these questions: 2 Na (s) + 2 H20 (l) ---> 2 NaOH (aq) + H2 (g) A. How many liters of water is needed to produce 87.69 L H2? B. If 90.0 grams of sodium is dropped into 80.0 g of water, how many liters of hydrogen would be produced? (hint this is a limiting rea ...
... 6. Use the following equation to answer these questions: 2 Na (s) + 2 H20 (l) ---> 2 NaOH (aq) + H2 (g) A. How many liters of water is needed to produce 87.69 L H2? B. If 90.0 grams of sodium is dropped into 80.0 g of water, how many liters of hydrogen would be produced? (hint this is a limiting rea ...
Unit5_Chemical Thermodynamics
... to melt (i.e. reaches its m.p at the given pressure) **RECALL: normal melting and boiling points are the temperature at which these changes occur at 1 atm of pressure) When melting begins, the temperature is constant until the solid has all turned to a liquid The T of the liquid increases at a con ...
... to melt (i.e. reaches its m.p at the given pressure) **RECALL: normal melting and boiling points are the temperature at which these changes occur at 1 atm of pressure) When melting begins, the temperature is constant until the solid has all turned to a liquid The T of the liquid increases at a con ...
Chemistry 11 Exam 1 Spring 2006 When answering questions be
... 8. A solution of nitric acid (HNO3) in water is prepared. In this solution 2.500 g of nitric acid is dissolved in 50.00 mL of water. What is the molar concentration of the solution? 2.500 g HNO3(1 mol HNO3/63.018 g) = 0.03967 mol HNO3 M = n/V = (0.03967 mol/50 x 10-3 L) = 0.7934 mol/L A 45.00 mL sam ...
... 8. A solution of nitric acid (HNO3) in water is prepared. In this solution 2.500 g of nitric acid is dissolved in 50.00 mL of water. What is the molar concentration of the solution? 2.500 g HNO3(1 mol HNO3/63.018 g) = 0.03967 mol HNO3 M = n/V = (0.03967 mol/50 x 10-3 L) = 0.7934 mol/L A 45.00 mL sam ...
1 Unit 11-12: Equilibrium and Acid/Bases Notes Colligative
... To make a reaction go faster: Increase temperature ‐ a direct relationship between kinetic energy and temperature exists ‐ the higher the temp, the faster the molecules will go ‐ more chaotic motion will lead to more collisions Increase surface area of reactants ‐ the more sites exposed to ...
... To make a reaction go faster: Increase temperature ‐ a direct relationship between kinetic energy and temperature exists ‐ the higher the temp, the faster the molecules will go ‐ more chaotic motion will lead to more collisions Increase surface area of reactants ‐ the more sites exposed to ...
Thermochemistry
... Experimental lattice energies cannot be determined directly. An energy cycle based on Hess’s Law, known as the Born-Haber cycle is used. The Key Concepts in Born-Haber Cycle are: Heat of formation Δ Hf Ionization Energy I.E. Electron Affinity ...
... Experimental lattice energies cannot be determined directly. An energy cycle based on Hess’s Law, known as the Born-Haber cycle is used. The Key Concepts in Born-Haber Cycle are: Heat of formation Δ Hf Ionization Energy I.E. Electron Affinity ...
A Guide to Rate of Reactions
... 2.1 When temperature is increased, the average kinetic energy of the reacting particles also increases. This enables more reacting particles to have energy equal to or greater than the activation energy. Hence the number of effective collisions increases. This results in an increase in the rate of r ...
... 2.1 When temperature is increased, the average kinetic energy of the reacting particles also increases. This enables more reacting particles to have energy equal to or greater than the activation energy. Hence the number of effective collisions increases. This results in an increase in the rate of r ...
elements of chemistry unit
... or groups of atoms) to another. These reactions are called oxidation reduction reactions. The species that loses electrons is oxidized and the species gaining electrons is reduced. Oxidation reduction reactions are also known as redox reactions (red = reduction, ox = oxidation). ...
... or groups of atoms) to another. These reactions are called oxidation reduction reactions. The species that loses electrons is oxidized and the species gaining electrons is reduced. Oxidation reduction reactions are also known as redox reactions (red = reduction, ox = oxidation). ...
SUPPLEMENTAL PROBLEMS FOR CHEM 110
... 102 mL of water to yield a final volume of 126 mL. The apparent density of the unknown material is A. B. C. D. E. ...
... 102 mL of water to yield a final volume of 126 mL. The apparent density of the unknown material is A. B. C. D. E. ...
Chapter 3: Calculations with Chemical Formulas
... substance) are strong electrolytes; HCN is a weak electrolyte (it is not one of the strong acids in the table HCN(aq) + Li+(aq) + OH-(aq) Li+(aq) + CN-(aq) + H2O(l) ...
... substance) are strong electrolytes; HCN is a weak electrolyte (it is not one of the strong acids in the table HCN(aq) + Li+(aq) + OH-(aq) Li+(aq) + CN-(aq) + H2O(l) ...
MINDS-ON 3: Fuel Combustion
... Explain that for each type of fuel, it is possible to calculate the Heat of Combustion (∆H˚c) for the fuel. Heat of combustion is the energy released as heat when a compound undergoes complete combustion with oxygen under standard conditions. It is measured in kJ/mol. Heat of combustion can be measu ...
... Explain that for each type of fuel, it is possible to calculate the Heat of Combustion (∆H˚c) for the fuel. Heat of combustion is the energy released as heat when a compound undergoes complete combustion with oxygen under standard conditions. It is measured in kJ/mol. Heat of combustion can be measu ...
Unit 6: Reactions and Stoichiometry
... 1. Given the equation PbO2 → PbO + O2, how many grams of oxygen will be produced if 47.8g of PbO2 decompose to form 44.6g of PbO and oxygen gas? 47.8 g - 44.6 g = 3.2 g of O2 2. How many grams of Fe are needed to react with 8.0g of O2 to produce 28.9g of Fe3O4 according to the equation 3Fe + 2O2 → F ...
... 1. Given the equation PbO2 → PbO + O2, how many grams of oxygen will be produced if 47.8g of PbO2 decompose to form 44.6g of PbO and oxygen gas? 47.8 g - 44.6 g = 3.2 g of O2 2. How many grams of Fe are needed to react with 8.0g of O2 to produce 28.9g of Fe3O4 according to the equation 3Fe + 2O2 → F ...
Sherbert
... bubbles that fizz and pop in your mouth. The icing sugar and lollipop make the nice taste. This reaction is similar to the more common reaction between vinegar and sodium bicarbonate. When an acid (like vinegar or citric acid) is mixed with a carbonate (like sodium bicarbonate), they react to form ...
... bubbles that fizz and pop in your mouth. The icing sugar and lollipop make the nice taste. This reaction is similar to the more common reaction between vinegar and sodium bicarbonate. When an acid (like vinegar or citric acid) is mixed with a carbonate (like sodium bicarbonate), they react to form ...
Document
... 2 HCl (aq) + Ba(OH)2 (aq) Æ 2 H2O (l) + BaCl2(aq) How many moles of HCl are consumed if 1.50 g of BaCl2 are produced assuming that Ba(OH)2 is in excess? ...
... 2 HCl (aq) + Ba(OH)2 (aq) Æ 2 H2O (l) + BaCl2(aq) How many moles of HCl are consumed if 1.50 g of BaCl2 are produced assuming that Ba(OH)2 is in excess? ...
unit 4 practice
... A. Solutions of weak acids cannot conduct an electric current but solutions of strong acids can conduct an electric current. B. Strong acids can form concentrated solutions but weak acids cannot form co ...
... A. Solutions of weak acids cannot conduct an electric current but solutions of strong acids can conduct an electric current. B. Strong acids can form concentrated solutions but weak acids cannot form co ...
Document
... with a high rate. Some reactions take hundreds, maybe even thousands, of years while others can happen in less than one second. If you want to think of a very slow reaction, think about how long it takes plants and ancient fish to become fossils (carbonization). Ultimately: Molecules moving too slow ...
... with a high rate. Some reactions take hundreds, maybe even thousands, of years while others can happen in less than one second. If you want to think of a very slow reaction, think about how long it takes plants and ancient fish to become fossils (carbonization). Ultimately: Molecules moving too slow ...
10. Factors Affecting the Rate of a Chemical Reaction
... more rapidly, which means that they collide more frequently, but more importantly, that they collide with GREATER ENERGY. Higher energy collisions are more likely to be effective collisions, and lead to the rearrangement of atoms and the formation of products. 4. Presence of a Catalyst A substance t ...
... more rapidly, which means that they collide more frequently, but more importantly, that they collide with GREATER ENERGY. Higher energy collisions are more likely to be effective collisions, and lead to the rearrangement of atoms and the formation of products. 4. Presence of a Catalyst A substance t ...
Exam - Vcaa
... If an inert gas is added to the equilibrium system at a constant temperature and a constant volume, the concentration of hydrogen will A. increase. B. decrease. C. not change. D. decrease then increase. Question 3 Which one of the following statements about 10.0 mL of 0.10 M HCl and 10.0 mL of 0 ...
... If an inert gas is added to the equilibrium system at a constant temperature and a constant volume, the concentration of hydrogen will A. increase. B. decrease. C. not change. D. decrease then increase. Question 3 Which one of the following statements about 10.0 mL of 0.10 M HCl and 10.0 mL of 0 ...
Electrolysis of water
Electrolysis of water is the decomposition of water (H2O) into oxygen (O2) and hydrogen gas (H2) due to an electric current being passed through the water.This technique can be used to make hydrogen fuel (hydrogen gas) and breathable oxygen; though currently most industrial methods make hydrogen fuel from natural gas instead.