Ferroelectric Domains,Tensor Pairs and
... crystal Pb(Mg1/3Nb1/3)O3-xPbTiO3 are calculated theoretically using group theoretical methods at the transition temperature 5ok, where magnetite undergoes a first order metal _insulator transition, which lowers the crystallographic symmetry from cubic (m3m/Oh) to Rhombohedra(3m/C3v), again this crys ...
... crystal Pb(Mg1/3Nb1/3)O3-xPbTiO3 are calculated theoretically using group theoretical methods at the transition temperature 5ok, where magnetite undergoes a first order metal _insulator transition, which lowers the crystallographic symmetry from cubic (m3m/Oh) to Rhombohedra(3m/C3v), again this crys ...
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... between two miscible fluids; (3) an optically smooth interface can be formed between two immiscible liquids; and (4) light and sample can transfer along the same channel which allows long light–matter interaction length. These novel properties show promise to equip adaptive optical systems with more ...
... between two miscible fluids; (3) an optically smooth interface can be formed between two immiscible liquids; and (4) light and sample can transfer along the same channel which allows long light–matter interaction length. These novel properties show promise to equip adaptive optical systems with more ...
S07 Phytoanalysis HPLC Part1
... c.) Stagnant mobile phase mass transfer – band-broadening due to differences in the rate of diffusion of the solute molecules between the mobile phase outside the pores of the support (flowing mobile phase) to the mobile phase within the pores of the support (stagnant mobile phase). ...
... c.) Stagnant mobile phase mass transfer – band-broadening due to differences in the rate of diffusion of the solute molecules between the mobile phase outside the pores of the support (flowing mobile phase) to the mobile phase within the pores of the support (stagnant mobile phase). ...
Light Scattering in Holographic Polymer Dispersed Liquid Crystals
... surrounded by the characteristic side lobes. ............................................................. 18 Figure 11. Bragg grating structure used to test the modified Monte Carlo method. The index of refraction, forward propagating wave amplitude, and backward propagating amplitude are label ...
... surrounded by the characteristic side lobes. ............................................................. 18 Figure 11. Bragg grating structure used to test the modified Monte Carlo method. The index of refraction, forward propagating wave amplitude, and backward propagating amplitude are label ...
THE NEMATIC { SMECTIC-A PHASE TRANSITION: A HIGH
... An important development in the theory of phase transitions was the understanding of how thermal uctuations can alter the analytical properties of the free energy, modifying the critical exponents of a second-order phase transition. A second consequence, equally fundamental but less widely explored ...
... An important development in the theory of phase transitions was the understanding of how thermal uctuations can alter the analytical properties of the free energy, modifying the critical exponents of a second-order phase transition. A second consequence, equally fundamental but less widely explored ...
NMR and Parity Violation Anomalous Temperature Dependence in
... Life is based on L-amino acids and D-sugars rather than the enantiomeric D-amino acids and L-sugars. This broken symmetry is now believed to be a feature of fundamental physics a result of symmetry-breaking induced by the weak force, which makes one enantiomer slightly more stable than the other. ...
... Life is based on L-amino acids and D-sugars rather than the enantiomeric D-amino acids and L-sugars. This broken symmetry is now believed to be a feature of fundamental physics a result of symmetry-breaking induced by the weak force, which makes one enantiomer slightly more stable than the other. ...
Representation Of A Nonspherical Ice Particle By A
... (NGW03, their Figure 7). This ‘‘equidimensional aberration’’ decreases for both larger and smaller aspect ratios (columns and plates respectively). For the example just cited, gs gx switches from positive to negative for hexagonal prisms with aspect ratios of approximately 1/10 (plates) and 10 (co ...
... (NGW03, their Figure 7). This ‘‘equidimensional aberration’’ decreases for both larger and smaller aspect ratios (columns and plates respectively). For the example just cited, gs gx switches from positive to negative for hexagonal prisms with aspect ratios of approximately 1/10 (plates) and 10 (co ...
An adaptive liquid lens with radial interdigitated
... object is much larger than the aperture of the lens, so the observed resolution of the lens satisfies (4). Because our lens is a diverging lens, its optical power increases when the curvature of the liquid interface increases. Therefore, the optical performance of our lens is improved when a higher v ...
... object is much larger than the aperture of the lens, so the observed resolution of the lens satisfies (4). Because our lens is a diverging lens, its optical power increases when the curvature of the liquid interface increases. Therefore, the optical performance of our lens is improved when a higher v ...
Modeling the Solubility of Nitrogen Dioxide in Water Using
... fugacity coefficients. Instead, K1 is often used to represent this system and estimated through eq 6, i.e., the partial pressures of NO2 and NO in the vapor phase, which may be derived from experimental measurements.4,5 Some models for K1 were proposed using empirical equations18,19 and nomograms.19,2 ...
... fugacity coefficients. Instead, K1 is often used to represent this system and estimated through eq 6, i.e., the partial pressures of NO2 and NO in the vapor phase, which may be derived from experimental measurements.4,5 Some models for K1 were proposed using empirical equations18,19 and nomograms.19,2 ...
Pdf
... to the interface. (We designate these directions as the x and y axes, and the direction perpendicular to the interface as the z axis.) The atoms originally in the solid box were then held fixed while the atoms originally in the liquid box were relaxed in the NVT ensemble at a temperature close to mel ...
... to the interface. (We designate these directions as the x and y axes, and the direction perpendicular to the interface as the z axis.) The atoms originally in the solid box were then held fixed while the atoms originally in the liquid box were relaxed in the NVT ensemble at a temperature close to mel ...
Planar second-harmonic generation with noncollinear pumps in
... Recently, it was demonstrated that quadratic nonlinear crystals consisting of antiparallel ferroelectric domains with randomized sizes and positions can be employed for the phase-matched second-harmonic generation (SHG) in a wide spectral range of the crystal transparency window without a need of an ...
... Recently, it was demonstrated that quadratic nonlinear crystals consisting of antiparallel ferroelectric domains with randomized sizes and positions can be employed for the phase-matched second-harmonic generation (SHG) in a wide spectral range of the crystal transparency window without a need of an ...
Publication: Electronic properties of liquid ammonia: A sequential
... orbital binding energies were calculated with the partial third-order quasiparticle theory of the electron propagator 共P3兲.23 In Green’s function schemes,24,25 orbital energies and spectral intensities are available as pole position and pole strengths, respectively, of the spectral representation of ...
... orbital binding energies were calculated with the partial third-order quasiparticle theory of the electron propagator 共P3兲.23 In Green’s function schemes,24,25 orbital energies and spectral intensities are available as pole position and pole strengths, respectively, of the spectral representation of ...
Non-Collinear Second Harmonic Generation in
... nonlinear effects are too small. For known materials the time constants, their long-term stability or other properties are not sufficient and thus often the demands of light intensity or power are too high. Thus the field of nonlinear interactions is still in rapid progress and new applications with ...
... nonlinear effects are too small. For known materials the time constants, their long-term stability or other properties are not sufficient and thus often the demands of light intensity or power are too high. Thus the field of nonlinear interactions is still in rapid progress and new applications with ...
Physical and chemical properties of glycine sodium nitrate
... their NLO response [2-4]. Most of the amino acids have good optical transparency and high SHG efficiency, a desirable property and many such crystals from the amino acid family have been reported [5-9]. Combining the amino acids with simple inorganic salts tend to enhance SHG efficiency. Large numbe ...
... their NLO response [2-4]. Most of the amino acids have good optical transparency and high SHG efficiency, a desirable property and many such crystals from the amino acid family have been reported [5-9]. Combining the amino acids with simple inorganic salts tend to enhance SHG efficiency. Large numbe ...
Representation of a nonspherical ice particle by a collection of
... (NGW03, their Figure 7). This ‘‘equidimensional aberration’’ decreases for both larger and smaller aspect ratios (columns and plates respectively). For the example just cited, gs gx switches from positive to negative for hexagonal prisms with aspect ratios of approximately 1/10 (plates) and 10 (co ...
... (NGW03, their Figure 7). This ‘‘equidimensional aberration’’ decreases for both larger and smaller aspect ratios (columns and plates respectively). For the example just cited, gs gx switches from positive to negative for hexagonal prisms with aspect ratios of approximately 1/10 (plates) and 10 (co ...
IJEMS 3(6) 243-247
... hematite in presence of varying amount of reductants (0,.5 wt.%) studied at fixed temperature, liquid/solid ratio and [HCl] are illustrated in Fig. 6. It is interesting to note that, with increase in reducing agents from 0 to 2%, the dissolution increases sharply except in the case of sodium sulphit ...
... hematite in presence of varying amount of reductants (0,.5 wt.%) studied at fixed temperature, liquid/solid ratio and [HCl] are illustrated in Fig. 6. It is interesting to note that, with increase in reducing agents from 0 to 2%, the dissolution increases sharply except in the case of sodium sulphit ...
Surface Tension
... case, the internal radius of the tip should be used as ro . The tip must be very clean. The presence of a very small amount surface active substance can cause significant error in the measurement. ...
... case, the internal radius of the tip should be used as ro . The tip must be very clean. The presence of a very small amount surface active substance can cause significant error in the measurement. ...
Applications of Geometric Phase in Optics
... that there is an additional phase that one must consider that depends on the geometry of the path. This phase has become known as Berry’s phase. Much work has been devoted to the study of this phase [2], which has been found to be ubiquitous to dynamical systems [3]. The initial formulation was made ...
... that there is an additional phase that one must consider that depends on the geometry of the path. This phase has become known as Berry’s phase. Much work has been devoted to the study of this phase [2], which has been found to be ubiquitous to dynamical systems [3]. The initial formulation was made ...
Conjugated gammadion chiral metamaterial with uniaxial optical
... at f = 5.6 GHz. In addition, the resonance at f = 7.8 GHz can be considered as the superposition of ER and ER ; then the retrieval results only show the electric response. Some may raise the question of whether our design is just a thin metasurface that exhibits rotation of polarization phase or ca ...
... at f = 5.6 GHz. In addition, the resonance at f = 7.8 GHz can be considered as the superposition of ER and ER ; then the retrieval results only show the electric response. Some may raise the question of whether our design is just a thin metasurface that exhibits rotation of polarization phase or ca ...
Self-assembly of three-dimensional photonic-crystals with
... do not have a full photonic bandgap because of their low index contrast, the self-assembled colloidal crystals provide an ideal template for the creation of porous structures with a full photonic bandgap by infiltration of the template by a material of high refractive index and then removal of the t ...
... do not have a full photonic bandgap because of their low index contrast, the self-assembled colloidal crystals provide an ideal template for the creation of porous structures with a full photonic bandgap by infiltration of the template by a material of high refractive index and then removal of the t ...
Introduction to Alloy Phase Diagrams
... three-phase reaction that takes place at the invariant point E, where a liquid phase freezes into a mixture of two solid phases, is called a eutectic reaction (from the Greek word for "easily melted"). The alloy that corresponds to the eutectic composition is called a eutectic alloy. An alloy having ...
... three-phase reaction that takes place at the invariant point E, where a liquid phase freezes into a mixture of two solid phases, is called a eutectic reaction (from the Greek word for "easily melted"). The alloy that corresponds to the eutectic composition is called a eutectic alloy. An alloy having ...
Photonic Crystals - Materials Computation Center
... may present complete band gaps Photonic Band Gap (PBG) materials. ...
... may present complete band gaps Photonic Band Gap (PBG) materials. ...
Optical Properties of Rutile Single Crystals Grown Under Pressure
... The applied conditions for every growth experiment were a growth rate of 5 mm/h, a feeding rate of 5 mm/h, upper shaft rotation of 3 rpm, lower shaft rotation of 50 rpm, a growth direction of <001> using a rutile seed crystal. The crystals were grown with oxygen pressures of 1, 3, 5, and 8 atm. The ...
... The applied conditions for every growth experiment were a growth rate of 5 mm/h, a feeding rate of 5 mm/h, upper shaft rotation of 3 rpm, lower shaft rotation of 50 rpm, a growth direction of <001> using a rutile seed crystal. The crystals were grown with oxygen pressures of 1, 3, 5, and 8 atm. The ...
Liquid crystal
Liquid crystals (LCs) are matter in a state that has properties between those of conventional liquid and those of solid crystal. For instance, a liquid crystal may flow like a liquid, but its molecules may be oriented in a crystal-like way. There are many different types of liquid-crystal phases, which can be distinguished by their different optical properties (such as birefringence). When viewed under a microscope using a polarized light source, different liquid crystal phases will appear to have distinct textures. The contrasting areas in the textures correspond to domains where the liquid-crystal molecules are oriented in different directions. Within a domain, however, the molecules are well ordered. LC materials may not always be in a liquid-crystal phase (just as water may turn into ice or steam).Liquid crystals can be divided into thermotropic, lyotropic and metallotropic phases. Thermotropic and lyotropic liquid crystals consist of organic molecules. Thermotropic LCs exhibit a phase transition into the liquid-crystal phase as temperature is changed. Lyotropic LCs exhibit phase transitions as a function of both temperature and concentration of the liquid-crystal molecules in a solvent (typically water). Metallotropic LCs are composed of both organic and inorganic molecules; their liquid-crystal transition depends not only on temperature and concentration, but also on the inorganic-organic composition ratio.Examples of liquid crystals can be found both in the natural world and in technological applications. Most contemporary electronic displays use liquid crystals. Lyotropic liquid-crystalline phases are abundant in living systems. For example, many proteins and cell membranes are liquid crystals. Other well-known examples of liquid crystals are solutions of soap and various related detergents, as well as the tobacco mosaic virus.