Chaotic motion in the Solar System
... rocketlike response to asymmetric loss of volatile material from their surfaces (Marsden et al., 1973; Yeomans, 1994). Physical collisions change trajectories; however, such impacts are rare except in planetary ring systems; nonetheless, they may be important for moving asteroids and Kuiper belt obj ...
... rocketlike response to asymmetric loss of volatile material from their surfaces (Marsden et al., 1973; Yeomans, 1994). Physical collisions change trajectories; however, such impacts are rare except in planetary ring systems; nonetheless, they may be important for moving asteroids and Kuiper belt obj ...
Effects of Mutual Transits by Extrasolar Planet
... We call a gravitationally bound system of two extrasolar planet-size objects simply as extrasolar binary planets. They constitute a true binary if the following conditions are satisfied instead of (c) in addition to the criteria (a) with replacing the Sun by a host star and (b). (c1) Their total mas ...
... We call a gravitationally bound system of two extrasolar planet-size objects simply as extrasolar binary planets. They constitute a true binary if the following conditions are satisfied instead of (c) in addition to the criteria (a) with replacing the Sun by a host star and (b). (c1) Their total mas ...
Chapter 27 - Rocklin High School
... they are composed mostly of gases, have low density, and are huge planets. Jupiter, for example, has a density of only 24% of Earth’s density but a diameter that is 11 times Earth’s diameter. Uranus and Neptune are different from Jupiter and Saturn, and are sometimes called ice giants. ...
... they are composed mostly of gases, have low density, and are huge planets. Jupiter, for example, has a density of only 24% of Earth’s density but a diameter that is 11 times Earth’s diameter. Uranus and Neptune are different from Jupiter and Saturn, and are sometimes called ice giants. ...
Setting the Stage for Habitable Planets
... field [26]. The strength of a terrestrial planet’s magnetic field, in turn, depends on several factors, including the presence of liquid iron in its core and its rotation period [27]. The rotation of a planet in the CHZ of an M dwarf will be slowed due to the action of the tides from its host star, ...
... field [26]. The strength of a terrestrial planet’s magnetic field, in turn, depends on several factors, including the presence of liquid iron in its core and its rotation period [27]. The rotation of a planet in the CHZ of an M dwarf will be slowed due to the action of the tides from its host star, ...
Uranus and Neptune Uranus Saturn Neptune
... activity. The energy for this activity may have been provided by tidal heating that occurred when Triton was captured by Neptune’s gravity into a retrograde orbit. Triton has a tenuous nitrogen atmosphere. ...
... activity. The energy for this activity may have been provided by tidal heating that occurred when Triton was captured by Neptune’s gravity into a retrograde orbit. Triton has a tenuous nitrogen atmosphere. ...
A Theory of the Origin of the Solar System There have been
... inspection of the families of the planets reveals that they show the same salient features as exhibited by the family of the Sun — the coplaner orbits of small eccentricity. This indicates that all might have been formed through the same stages of evolution. The idea may also be extended to one gene ...
... inspection of the families of the planets reveals that they show the same salient features as exhibited by the family of the Sun — the coplaner orbits of small eccentricity. This indicates that all might have been formed through the same stages of evolution. The idea may also be extended to one gene ...
Discovering the Edge of the Solar System
... of whom still live in the Los Angeles area. Quaoar is about 1,300 kilometers in diameter, roughly half the size of Pluto. The existence of such a large KBO, along with a few others in the 1,000-kilometer range, suggests that there may be even larger objects out there. In this article I briefly descr ...
... of whom still live in the Los Angeles area. Quaoar is about 1,300 kilometers in diameter, roughly half the size of Pluto. The existence of such a large KBO, along with a few others in the 1,000-kilometer range, suggests that there may be even larger objects out there. In this article I briefly descr ...
Atmospheric circulations of terrestrial planets orbiting low
... Within the past few years, planets not much larger than Earth, so-called ‘‘superEarths’’, have been discovered in orbit around nearby M stars (Udry et al., 2007; Von Bloh et al., 2008). Earth-size M-star planets may be found within the near future (Basri et al., 2005). These planets are expected to ...
... Within the past few years, planets not much larger than Earth, so-called ‘‘superEarths’’, have been discovered in orbit around nearby M stars (Udry et al., 2007; Von Bloh et al., 2008). Earth-size M-star planets may be found within the near future (Basri et al., 2005). These planets are expected to ...
9. Asteroids, Comets, and Dwarf Planets
... Pluto and Eris • Pluto’s size was overestimated after its discovery in 1930, and nothing of similar size was discovered for several decades. • Now other large objects have been discovered in Kuiper belt, including Eris. • The International Astronomical Union (IAU) now classifies Pluto and Eris as d ...
... Pluto and Eris • Pluto’s size was overestimated after its discovery in 1930, and nothing of similar size was discovered for several decades. • Now other large objects have been discovered in Kuiper belt, including Eris. • The International Astronomical Union (IAU) now classifies Pluto and Eris as d ...
The Little Star That Could - Challenger Learning Center
... planets revolve, from which they receive heat and light, which is composed mainly of hydrogen and helium Moon – the earth's natural satellite that shines by reflecting light from the sun and revolves about the earth in about 29½ days Gravity – a force of attraction between particles or bodies that o ...
... planets revolve, from which they receive heat and light, which is composed mainly of hydrogen and helium Moon – the earth's natural satellite that shines by reflecting light from the sun and revolves about the earth in about 29½ days Gravity – a force of attraction between particles or bodies that o ...
RV Metric_new_8
... are the planets with outcome #2, each of which has a unique probability P. We estimate the probability Pk of the kth random variable by a Monte Carlo experiment, as follows. First, we create a large sample of random values of i by drawing from the appropriate random deviate, which is arccos(1- 2Q) , ...
... are the planets with outcome #2, each of which has a unique probability P. We estimate the probability Pk of the kth random variable by a Monte Carlo experiment, as follows. First, we create a large sample of random values of i by drawing from the appropriate random deviate, which is arccos(1- 2Q) , ...
Solar System Quiz
... ____ 14. The two inner planets most alike in size, mass, and density are a. Mercury and Venus. c. Venus and Earth. b. Earth and Mars. d. Mars and Mercury. ____ 15. Which of the following planets has seasons like Earth’s because its axis tilts at an almost identical angle? a. Mercury c. Pluto b. Venu ...
... ____ 14. The two inner planets most alike in size, mass, and density are a. Mercury and Venus. c. Venus and Earth. b. Earth and Mars. d. Mars and Mercury. ____ 15. Which of the following planets has seasons like Earth’s because its axis tilts at an almost identical angle? a. Mercury c. Pluto b. Venu ...
Senior thesis - University of Texas Astronomy Home Page
... As of March 2012, over 700 exoplanets have been found orbiting distant stars. The search for planets outside our solar system both helps constrain our current theories regarding solar system formation as well as raises possibilities for the evolution of alien life. Astronomers use both direct and in ...
... As of March 2012, over 700 exoplanets have been found orbiting distant stars. The search for planets outside our solar system both helps constrain our current theories regarding solar system formation as well as raises possibilities for the evolution of alien life. Astronomers use both direct and in ...
Small galaxies are growing smaller
... and globular clusters. This was clearly a previously untenanted area of parameter space, making these a whole new species of small stellar system, which we christened ultra-compact dwarfs (UCDs; Phillipps et al. 2001, Drinkwater et al. 2003). Their origin may be debated, of course. They could be mer ...
... and globular clusters. This was clearly a previously untenanted area of parameter space, making these a whole new species of small stellar system, which we christened ultra-compact dwarfs (UCDs; Phillipps et al. 2001, Drinkwater et al. 2003). Their origin may be debated, of course. They could be mer ...
Primary and secondary eclipse spectroscopy with JWST: exploring
... chemistry composition instead of kinetics and photochemistry, simple cloud models, decoupling of radiative, dynamical and chemical processes) and would suffer from the incompleteness of the required physical/chemical data (spectroscopic data, kinetic rates). For low-mass rocky and icy planets, the si ...
... chemistry composition instead of kinetics and photochemistry, simple cloud models, decoupling of radiative, dynamical and chemical processes) and would suffer from the incompleteness of the required physical/chemical data (spectroscopic data, kinetic rates). For low-mass rocky and icy planets, the si ...
Planetary Radii Across Five Orders of Magnitude in Mass and Stellar
... planets that orbit relatively close to their parent stars. This means that radial velocity follow-up will be possible for some planets as the stellar ‘‘wobble’’ signal is larger for shorter period orbits. However, for transiting planets that are low mass, or that orbit very distant stars, stellar ra ...
... planets that orbit relatively close to their parent stars. This means that radial velocity follow-up will be possible for some planets as the stellar ‘‘wobble’’ signal is larger for shorter period orbits. However, for transiting planets that are low mass, or that orbit very distant stars, stellar ra ...
Extreme Optics and the Search for Earth-Like Planets
... this particular star has circling it a wealth of smaller objects such as planets, comets, and asteroids. And one of those planets is Earth, our home. All other stars, even the nearest ones, are so far away that it is impossible to see if there are planets around them by pointing a telescope at them. ...
... this particular star has circling it a wealth of smaller objects such as planets, comets, and asteroids. And one of those planets is Earth, our home. All other stars, even the nearest ones, are so far away that it is impossible to see if there are planets around them by pointing a telescope at them. ...
exploring the kuiper belt with the magellan telescopes
... a KBO binary can be determined from the binary orbit, and the binaries open the possibility of measuring accurate diameters for the members when the Earth passes through the orbital plane of the binary system (leading to mutual occultations and eclipses). An extensive analysis of Magellan data for t ...
... a KBO binary can be determined from the binary orbit, and the binaries open the possibility of measuring accurate diameters for the members when the Earth passes through the orbital plane of the binary system (leading to mutual occultations and eclipses). An extensive analysis of Magellan data for t ...
The Formation of Planetary Systems
... 5. The direction in which most planets rotate on their axis is roughly the same as the direction in which the Sun rotates on its axis. This property is less general than the one just described for revolution, as three planets—Venus, Uranus, and Pluto—do not share it. 6. Most of the known moons revol ...
... 5. The direction in which most planets rotate on their axis is roughly the same as the direction in which the Sun rotates on its axis. This property is less general than the one just described for revolution, as three planets—Venus, Uranus, and Pluto—do not share it. 6. Most of the known moons revol ...
Exoplanets
... 2006: Discovery of the first terrestrialsized exoplanet, five times the size of the Earth. (eso0603) 2005: Discovery of a planet with a mass comparable to Neptune around a low-mass star, the most common type of star in our galaxy. (eso0539) 2004: Ingredients for the formation of rocky planets ...
... 2006: Discovery of the first terrestrialsized exoplanet, five times the size of the Earth. (eso0603) 2005: Discovery of a planet with a mass comparable to Neptune around a low-mass star, the most common type of star in our galaxy. (eso0539) 2004: Ingredients for the formation of rocky planets ...
1 Today Kepler`s Laws Question Kepler`s 2nd Law of Planetary Motion
... • Millions of small, rocky bodies • Includes one dwarf planet: Ceres • Most reside in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter • May consist of material that was never able to consolidate into a planet ...
... • Millions of small, rocky bodies • Includes one dwarf planet: Ceres • Most reside in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter • May consist of material that was never able to consolidate into a planet ...
3rd GradeBook Notes for A Feast of Words…Earth and BeyondUnit
... atmosphere (AT-mu-sfihr) – the blanket of gases that surrounds a planet or other object axis (AK-siss) – an imaginary line that runs through the center of a planet or other object comets – large chunks of rock and ice that travel around the sun dwarf planets – bodies in the solar system that orbit t ...
... atmosphere (AT-mu-sfihr) – the blanket of gases that surrounds a planet or other object axis (AK-siss) – an imaginary line that runs through the center of a planet or other object comets – large chunks of rock and ice that travel around the sun dwarf planets – bodies in the solar system that orbit t ...
Solar System PDF - International Science Center
... All four gas giant planets have rings -- made of chunks of ice and rock -- but none are as spectacular or as complicated as Saturn's. Like the other gas giants, Saturn is mostly a massive ball of hydrogen and helium. ...
... All four gas giant planets have rings -- made of chunks of ice and rock -- but none are as spectacular or as complicated as Saturn's. Like the other gas giants, Saturn is mostly a massive ball of hydrogen and helium. ...
File - the O`Zone!!!
... The Discovery of the Solar System • Early Knowledge Up until the 17th century, the universe was thought to only contain Earth, Venus, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, the sun, and Earth’s moon. • Using a Telescope After the invention of the telescope by the end of the 17th century, the moons o ...
... The Discovery of the Solar System • Early Knowledge Up until the 17th century, the universe was thought to only contain Earth, Venus, Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, the sun, and Earth’s moon. • Using a Telescope After the invention of the telescope by the end of the 17th century, the moons o ...
Dwarf planet
A dwarf planet is a planetary-mass object that is neither a planet nor a natural satellite. That is, it is in direct orbit of the Sun, and is massive enough for its shape to be in hydrostatic equilibrium under its own gravity, but has not cleared the neighborhood around its orbit.The term dwarf planet was adopted in 2006 as part of a three-way categorization of bodies orbiting the Sun, brought about by an increase in discoveries of objects farther away from the Sun than Neptune that rivaled Pluto in size, and finally precipitated by the discovery of an even more massive object, Eris. The exclusion of dwarf planets from the roster of planets by the IAU has been both praised and criticized; it was said to be the ""right decision"" by astronomer Mike Brown, who discovered Eris and other new dwarf planets, but has been rejected by Alan Stern, who had coined the term dwarf planet in 1990.The International Astronomical Union (IAU) currently recognizes five dwarf planets: Ceres, Pluto, Haumea, Makemake, and Eris. Brown criticizes this official recognition: ""A reasonable person might think that this means that there are five known objects in the solar system which fit the IAU definition of dwarf planet, but this reasonable person would be nowhere close to correct.""It is suspected that another hundred or so known objects in the Solar System are dwarf planets. Estimates are that up to 200 dwarf planets may be found when the entire region known as the Kuiper belt is explored, and that the number may exceed 10,000 when objects scattered outside the Kuiper belt are considered. Individual astronomers recognize several of these, and in August 2011 Mike Brown published a list of 390 candidate objects, ranging from ""nearly certain"" to ""possible"" dwarf planets. Brown currently identifies eleven known objects – the five accepted by the IAU plus 2007 OR10, Quaoar, Sedna, Orcus, 2002 MS4 and Salacia – as ""virtually certain"", with another dozen highly likely. Stern states that there are more than a dozen known dwarf planets.However, only two of these bodies, Ceres and Pluto, have been observed in enough detail to demonstrate that they actually fit the IAU's definition. The IAU accepted Eris as a dwarf planet because it is more massive than Pluto. They subsequently decided that unnamed trans-Neptunian objects with an absolute magnitude brighter than +1 (and hence a diameter of ≥838 km assuming a geometric albedo of ≤1) are to be named under the assumption that they are dwarf planets. The only two such objects known at the time, Makemake and Haumea, went through this naming procedure and were declared to be dwarf planets. The question of whether other likely objects are dwarf planets has never been addressed by the IAU. The classification of bodies in other planetary systems with the characteristics of dwarf planets has not been addressed.