A re-appraisal of the habitability of planets around M dwarf
... well-schooled readers, this section presents a miniguide to those classification schemes that are used in this paper to discuss the habitability of planets orbiting M dwarf stars. “M” is a stellar classification based on the characteristic features found in relatively low-resolution spectra, initial ...
... well-schooled readers, this section presents a miniguide to those classification schemes that are used in this paper to discuss the habitability of planets orbiting M dwarf stars. “M” is a stellar classification based on the characteristic features found in relatively low-resolution spectra, initial ...
Kepler423b: a half-Jupiter mass planet transiting a very old solar
... Measuring the eclipse of transiting exoplanets – also known as planet occultation, secondary eclipse, and secondary transit – is a powerful tool for probing their atmospheres, in particular their albedos and brightness temperatures (Winn et al. 2010a). The timing and duration of the secondary eclips ...
... Measuring the eclipse of transiting exoplanets – also known as planet occultation, secondary eclipse, and secondary transit – is a powerful tool for probing their atmospheres, in particular their albedos and brightness temperatures (Winn et al. 2010a). The timing and duration of the secondary eclips ...
Astronomy Shakedown!
... Score board: Students can keep score on paper or on the board. As each group receives points, add them together. At the end, the group with the most points wins. There is one double-play on the board. When this comes up, students receive double points for getting the correct answer. PowerPoint does ...
... Score board: Students can keep score on paper or on the board. As each group receives points, add them together. At the end, the group with the most points wins. There is one double-play on the board. When this comes up, students receive double points for getting the correct answer. PowerPoint does ...
Dynamical evolution of planetary systems
... first is nicknamed the “core-accretion mechanism”: the coagulation of solid particles forms a core typically of about 10 Earth masses (M⊕ ) while the gas is still present in the proto-planetary disk; the core then traps by gravity a massive atmosphere of hydrogen and helium from the disk (Pollack et ...
... first is nicknamed the “core-accretion mechanism”: the coagulation of solid particles forms a core typically of about 10 Earth masses (M⊕ ) while the gas is still present in the proto-planetary disk; the core then traps by gravity a massive atmosphere of hydrogen and helium from the disk (Pollack et ...
The Occurrence and Architecture of Exoplanetary Systems
... the planetary orbit be oriented nearly perpendicular to the sky plane, there are strong biases favoring large planets in tight orbits. In an idealized wide-field imaging survey, the effective number of stars that can be searched for transits varies as the orbital distance to the 5/2 power and the pl ...
... the planetary orbit be oriented nearly perpendicular to the sky plane, there are strong biases favoring large planets in tight orbits. In an idealized wide-field imaging survey, the effective number of stars that can be searched for transits varies as the orbital distance to the 5/2 power and the pl ...
Astronomical Circumstances
... This DRAFT document is an excerpt from Principles of Planetary Biology, by Tom E. Morris. based on their brightness (magnitude), temperature, receive each moment, so the warmer the planet will get radius, luminosity, mix of colors (spectral class), and (all other things being equal). This being the ...
... This DRAFT document is an excerpt from Principles of Planetary Biology, by Tom E. Morris. based on their brightness (magnitude), temperature, receive each moment, so the warmer the planet will get radius, luminosity, mix of colors (spectral class), and (all other things being equal). This being the ...
Did Saturn`s Rings Form During The Late Heavy Bombardment?
... chemical composition of Saturn’s rings compared with Saturn’s classical satellites (Harris 1984) which (in this scenario) should have originated from the same disk. In the present paper, we will deal only with scenarios #1 and #2, which strongly depend on the passage of one, or several, big “comets” ...
... chemical composition of Saturn’s rings compared with Saturn’s classical satellites (Harris 1984) which (in this scenario) should have originated from the same disk. In the present paper, we will deal only with scenarios #1 and #2, which strongly depend on the passage of one, or several, big “comets” ...
astro-ph/0507149 PDF
... The Kuiper Belt is divided into three distinct populations; the classic Kuiper Belt Objects, the resonant KBO’s, and the scattered KBO’s. The simulations presented here are representative of the classic Kuiper Belt population (containing 50% of all KBO’s) where the eccentricities are small (less tha ...
... The Kuiper Belt is divided into three distinct populations; the classic Kuiper Belt Objects, the resonant KBO’s, and the scattered KBO’s. The simulations presented here are representative of the classic Kuiper Belt population (containing 50% of all KBO’s) where the eccentricities are small (less tha ...
Asteroids and Comets and Meteors, Oh My!
... Piazzi tried to predict Ceres’ orbit. Astronomers need this information so they could try to find it. He observed Ceres for six weeks. He did not have enough information to determine Ceres’ orbit. After that, others searched for Ceres in vain. Several astronomers tried to work out Ceres’ orbit from ...
... Piazzi tried to predict Ceres’ orbit. Astronomers need this information so they could try to find it. He observed Ceres for six weeks. He did not have enough information to determine Ceres’ orbit. After that, others searched for Ceres in vain. Several astronomers tried to work out Ceres’ orbit from ...
Slides for Earth and the Solar System Unit #1
... You will be suprised at how great the distances are between planets! ...
... You will be suprised at how great the distances are between planets! ...
Spin-driven tidal pumping: Tidally driven changes in planetary spin
... phase lag can drive the pumping. These results were surprising, both because tides are generally expected to damp eccentricities and because of the large magnitude of the computed pumping effect. Here we demonstrate that similar results can be obtained with an analytical solution based on lower-orde ...
... phase lag can drive the pumping. These results were surprising, both because tides are generally expected to damp eccentricities and because of the large magnitude of the computed pumping effect. Here we demonstrate that similar results can be obtained with an analytical solution based on lower-orde ...
[21.01] The Kuiper Belt Survey of the GEST Mission
... resonant populations (Malhotra 2000, Protostars and Planets IV). Passing stars, perhaps members of a dense cluster from which the sun formed, can play a similar role (Ida et al. 2000, ApJ). We possess insufficient information, in the form of well sampled distributions of the orbital elements of KBOs ...
... resonant populations (Malhotra 2000, Protostars and Planets IV). Passing stars, perhaps members of a dense cluster from which the sun formed, can play a similar role (Ida et al. 2000, ApJ). We possess insufficient information, in the form of well sampled distributions of the orbital elements of KBOs ...
A coupling of the origin of asteroid belt, planetary ring
... by Charnoz et al (2010) that ring material spreading beyond the Roche limit may accrete to form icy moons. But the Roche limit itself is doubtful because a lot of satellites whose distances from their father planets (Jupiter, Uranus, and Neptune, for example) are interior to the Roche limit are stil ...
... by Charnoz et al (2010) that ring material spreading beyond the Roche limit may accrete to form icy moons. But the Roche limit itself is doubtful because a lot of satellites whose distances from their father planets (Jupiter, Uranus, and Neptune, for example) are interior to the Roche limit are stil ...
The History of Astronomy II
... To do this, a planet must move slower at aphelion (point furthest from sun) than it does at perihelion (point closest to the sun: ...
... To do this, a planet must move slower at aphelion (point furthest from sun) than it does at perihelion (point closest to the sun: ...
WORD - Astrophysics
... extremely large optical/infrared telescope will prove decisive. Many of these questions deal with the earliest and the latest stages of stellar evolution, plagued by significant unknowns. Determining the entire stellar mass spectrum in the cores of molecular clouds or measuring the dynamical mass sp ...
... extremely large optical/infrared telescope will prove decisive. Many of these questions deal with the earliest and the latest stages of stellar evolution, plagued by significant unknowns. Determining the entire stellar mass spectrum in the cores of molecular clouds or measuring the dynamical mass sp ...
When we look at a neighboring galaxy (such as M31, the
... physically larger, but less massive, than our Milky Way Galaxy. The Andromeda is the largest member of the Local Group, a cluster of about 30 galaxies that are gravitationally attracted to one another. At a distance of 2.5 million light-years, it is the most distant object easily seen with the unaid ...
... physically larger, but less massive, than our Milky Way Galaxy. The Andromeda is the largest member of the Local Group, a cluster of about 30 galaxies that are gravitationally attracted to one another. At a distance of 2.5 million light-years, it is the most distant object easily seen with the unaid ...
Inner Solar System Material Discovered in the Oort Cloud
... distance of 2.1 AU, designated C/2014 S3 (PANSTARRS) (hereafter C/2014 S3). C/2014 S3 has a long-‐ period comet orbit (semi major axis = 90.5 AU, eccentricity = 0.977, perihelion = 2.049 AU, aphelion ...
... distance of 2.1 AU, designated C/2014 S3 (PANSTARRS) (hereafter C/2014 S3). C/2014 S3 has a long-‐ period comet orbit (semi major axis = 90.5 AU, eccentricity = 0.977, perihelion = 2.049 AU, aphelion ...
Planet formation Abstract Megan K Pickett and Andrew J Lim
... solar system, for example, there are several convenient observational constraints on the imagination: most of the mass resides in a slowly rotating star; most of the angular momentum (or spin) resides in the planets; the planets orbit in the same direction about the Sun and in orbits that are largel ...
... solar system, for example, there are several convenient observational constraints on the imagination: most of the mass resides in a slowly rotating star; most of the angular momentum (or spin) resides in the planets; the planets orbit in the same direction about the Sun and in orbits that are largel ...
The Solar System and Beyond
... Seasons Who doesn’t love summer? The long, warm days are great for swimming, biking, and relaxing. Why can’t summer last all year? Blame it on Earth’s axis and revolution around the Sun. The axis is not straight up and down like a skyscraper—it is slightly tilted. It’s because of this tilt and Earth ...
... Seasons Who doesn’t love summer? The long, warm days are great for swimming, biking, and relaxing. Why can’t summer last all year? Blame it on Earth’s axis and revolution around the Sun. The axis is not straight up and down like a skyscraper—it is slightly tilted. It’s because of this tilt and Earth ...
Tidal Venuses: Triggering a Climate Catastrophe via Tidal Heating
... librium state where they rotate faster than synchronous with an “equilibrium” or “pseudosynchronous” period. This aspect of tidal theory has been known for decades (e.g. Goldreich, 1966; Greenberg and Weidenschilling, 1984), but has only recently been pointed out for the case of exoplanets (Barnes ...
... librium state where they rotate faster than synchronous with an “equilibrium” or “pseudosynchronous” period. This aspect of tidal theory has been known for decades (e.g. Goldreich, 1966; Greenberg and Weidenschilling, 1984), but has only recently been pointed out for the case of exoplanets (Barnes ...
The scattered disk population as a source of Oort cloud comets
... decreases its q which allows it to have a few close encounters with Neptune. The decrease in q is accompanied by a decrease in its semimajor axis a. Yet, the values of q and a return to more or less the previous values, so the body is spared from having new close encounters with Neptune for the next ...
... decreases its q which allows it to have a few close encounters with Neptune. The decrease in q is accompanied by a decrease in its semimajor axis a. Yet, the values of q and a return to more or less the previous values, so the body is spared from having new close encounters with Neptune for the next ...
The Secular and Rotational Brightness Variations of Neptune
... This is the seventh paper in a series which models the brightness, color and albedo of all the planets except Earth on the Johnson-Cousins magnitude system. Mercury (Mallama et al. 2002) and Venus (Mallama et al. 2006) were observed with the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory satellite. The SOHO mag ...
... This is the seventh paper in a series which models the brightness, color and albedo of all the planets except Earth on the Johnson-Cousins magnitude system. Mercury (Mallama et al. 2002) and Venus (Mallama et al. 2006) were observed with the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory satellite. The SOHO mag ...
Planets beyond Neptune
Following the discovery of the planet Neptune in 1846, there was considerable speculation that another planet might exist beyond its orbit. The search began in the mid-19th century and culminated at the start of the 20th with Percival Lowell's quest for Planet X. Lowell proposed the Planet X hypothesis to explain apparent discrepancies in the orbits of the giant planets, particularly Uranus and Neptune, speculating that the gravity of a large unseen ninth planet could have perturbed Uranus enough to account for the irregularities.Clyde Tombaugh's discovery of Pluto in 1930 appeared to validate Lowell's hypothesis, and Pluto was officially named the ninth planet. In 1978, Pluto was conclusively determined to be too small for its gravity to affect the giant planets, resulting in a brief search for a tenth planet. The search was largely abandoned in the early 1990s, when a study of measurements made by the Voyager 2 spacecraft found that the irregularities observed in Uranus's orbit were due to a slight overestimation of Neptune's mass. After 1992, the discovery of numerous small icy objects with similar or even wider orbits than Pluto led to a debate over whether Pluto should remain a planet, or whether it and its neighbours should, like the asteroids, be given their own separate classification. Although a number of the larger members of this group were initially described as planets, in 2006 the International Astronomical Union reclassified Pluto and its largest neighbours as dwarf planets, leaving Neptune the farthest known planet in the Solar System.Today, the astronomical community widely agrees that Planet X, as originally envisioned, does not exist, but the concept of Planet X has been revived by a number of astronomers to explain other anomalies observed in the outer Solar System. In popular culture, and even among some astronomers, Planet X has become a stand-in term for any undiscovered planet in the outer Solar System, regardless of its relationship to Lowell's hypothesis. Other trans-Neptunian planets have also been suggested, based on different evidence. As of March 2014, observations with the WISE telescope have ruled out the possibility of a Saturn-sized object out to 10,000 AU, and a Jupiter-sized or larger object out to 26,000 AU.