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Is prison a real threat for environmental offenders?
Is prison a real threat for environmental offenders?

... customers or shareholders. Prison sentences also carry additional, social weight due to loss of status and stigma. However, it is unclear how prison sentences for environmental crime are used and whether they imply a real threat to violators. This study explored this question using evidence from a n ...
What Is the Value of Immunizing Prison Inmates Against Hepatitis B? Environments
What Is the Value of Immunizing Prison Inmates Against Hepatitis B? Environments

... • Inmates at increased risk for Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection • Risk is associated with high-risk drug and sex practices before incarceration • Incidence of new infections (1–1.5 percent) is 10 times higher than in the general U.S. population ...
The Social, Psychological, and Political Causes of Racial Disparities
The Social, Psychological, and Political Causes of Racial Disparities

... have failed, for example, to foresee that unprecedentedly harsh penalties for crack offenses would hit black drug dealers especially hard. Nor, since black arrest rates for serious violent crimes have long been higher than white rates, could any informed person have failed to understand that three-s ...
Can Poverty in America Be Compared to Conditions
Can Poverty in America Be Compared to Conditions

... Americans agreed with the statement “poor people today have it easy because they can get government benefits without doing anything in return.” In contrast, nearly two-thirds of lowincome Americans agreed that “poor people have hard lives because government benefits don’t go far enough to help them ...
Press Release
Press Release

... certain offenders convicted of certain property and drug crimes and which allows certain offenders who have been previously convicted of such crimes to apply for reduced sentences. In addition, the measure requires any state savings that result be spent to support truancy (unexcused absences) preven ...
Web Refs:
Web Refs:

... Correctional Service of Canada The Correctional Service of Canada (CSC), as part of the criminal justice system and respecting the rule of law, contributes to the protection of society by actively encouraging and assisting offenders to become law-abiding citizens, while exercising reasonable, safe, ...
Breaking the cycle: Reducing reoffending
Breaking the cycle: Reducing reoffending

... Health: Early identification of offenders mental health problems Liaison and diversion • Working with the DH and the Home Office to deliver the Governments commitment to diverting offenders with mental health problems from criminal justice system at the earliest opportunity, where appropriate. ...
unseen exclusions in voting and immigration law
unseen exclusions in voting and immigration law

... across the country have long limited criminal offenders’ ability to exercise the franchise. 26 With the growth of criminal prosecutions that started in the 1970s, however, an ever-larger number of people have lost their right to vote. 27 Approximately 4.7 million voting age United States citizens co ...
FIVE STAGES OF PREJUDICE
FIVE STAGES OF PREJUDICE

... RESULT: ULTIMATE DEHUMANIZATION DEATH OF INDIVIDUALS GENOCIDE ...
Crimes Code of Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
Crimes Code of Commonwealth of Pennsylvania

... For 30 grams or less, you are facing misdemeanor charges of up to 30 days in jail, and a fine of $500. For possession of more than 30 grams, the penalties go up to 1 year in jail and $5000 in fines. Automatic six month loss of license. If you are a first time marijuana offender, it is possible to ge ...
Alternative Sentencing Proposals
Alternative Sentencing Proposals

... alternative sentencing works in both State and Federal Courts. The Aleph Institute is well respected for its contributions to innovative prison re-entry services and when the Religious Freedom Restoration Act of 1993, which guarantees freedom of religion in Federal Prisons was held to be inapplicabl ...
01-casestudy1 - Cambridge University Press
01-casestudy1 - Cambridge University Press

... barrister’s Jewish heritage and connections would be seen as a matter of personal loyalties and values that were irrelevant to his role as a lawyer in advocating without discrimination for any client. It would be his ethical duty to his client to not allow those loyalties to affect the quality of hi ...
Alternatives to Incarceration in California
Alternatives to Incarceration in California

... Rehabilitation (CDCR) offers just a few programs that allow a small number of female CDCR inmates to serve sentences in a community-based facility.6 Other than that, CDCR does not place male or female inmates who have been sentenced to state prison in non-custodial settings. However, in response to ...
The African American Civil Rights Struggle and Germany 1945–1989
The African American Civil Rights Struggle and Germany 1945–1989

... The reality of legally sanctioned inequality and discrimination was, however, hard to change. Already in January 1941, the trade union leader A. Philip Randolph had threatened a mass march on Washington, DC to protest segregation in the defense industry, which led President Franklin D. Roosevelt to ...
Snímek 1
Snímek 1

... imposing of short-term unconditional prison sentences and use of alternative sentences  need to focus on use of alternative sentences and diversions  need to focus on new punishments introduced by the new Penal Code – house arrest and prohibition of entry to sporting, cultural and other social eve ...
NAPD Demand Side paper_FINAL - National Association for Public
NAPD Demand Side paper_FINAL - National Association for Public

... far greater numbers than white motorists — nearly twice as often statewide and up to four times as often in certain counties.”7 In New York City, although misdemeanor marijuana-possession arrests declined about 56 percent from 2014 to 2015, the racial disparity continued, with 88 per cent of those a ...
Criminology
Criminology

... Behavior can be considered criminal in one place but not in another (it varies with place and time) Civil, or tort, law deals with non-criminal offenses that are handled by civil rather than criminal courts Civil courts award damages to the victim Criminal courts impose punishments only on the behal ...
Criminal Justice
Criminal Justice

... **NOTE: V600 cannot be taken until all MPA core courses are completed. V600 is only offered as an in-person class and cannot be substituted or transferred in from another university. Plan your schedule accordingly! SPEA-V Elective #1 ...
Effectiveness of the Law in
Effectiveness of the Law in

... may be more important in determining the verdict than the quality of the evidence, particularly in jury trials. In summary criminal matters, it is quite likely that the prosecution will have more expertise and experience than will the defendant's solicitor who may deal with many different legal prob ...
Criminal justice refers to the agencies that dispense justice
Criminal justice refers to the agencies that dispense justice

... works informally to expedite the disposal of cases  Criminal acts that are very serious or notorious may receive the full complement of criminal justice processes, from arrest to trial  Less serious cases are often settled when a bargain is reached between the prosecution and the defense ...
83 Book Review Cavadino, M and Dignan, J (2008) Penal Systems
83 Book Review Cavadino, M and Dignan, J (2008) Penal Systems

... countries which afford the greatest degree of protection against the risks of prosecution and the imposition of formal sanctions, are the Nordic democracies, and the rather special case of Japan. The conservative corporatist states form an intermediate group in which young offenders are offered a m ...
Race-Based Jury Nullification - The John Marshall Institutional
Race-Based Jury Nullification - The John Marshall Institutional

... going to spend the balance of my time talking about selective jury nullification because it is part of my solution to the unfairness in the criminal justice system. Mike Wallace did a segment on 60 Minutes about my scholarship on jury nullification. He introduced his report by saying this is going t ...
UN Working Group of Experts on People of African Descent
UN Working Group of Experts on People of African Descent

... overview of the strong legal framework in place to combat racial discrimination. The Working Group recognizes that the country’s Constitution, particularly its Thirteenth, Fourteenth and Fifteenth Amendments, in combination with civil rights legislation and the Supreme Court’s jurisprudence, have pr ...
Four Pillars of Effective Drug Policy for New York: Prevention
Four Pillars of Effective Drug Policy for New York: Prevention

... peer-reviewed research that focus on reducing individual, family, and community harm associated with substance use. Support reality-based drug education programs in schools, like Safety First, www.safety1st.org. ...
Truman Domestic Policies
Truman Domestic Policies

... 10 Screenwriters were found in contempt for refusing to answer questions and give information- they were sent to PrisonSubsequent actors, producers and writers will be investigated and if they have any connection to communism or sympatric to communism, they will be banned from the movie industry- “B ...
< 1 ... 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 >

The New Jim Crow

The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness is a book by Michelle Alexander, a civil rights litigator and legal scholar. Called the ""secular bible for a new social movement"" by Cornel West, the book discusses race-related issues specific to African-American males and mass incarceration in the United States — though Alexander notes that the discrimination faced by African-American males is also prevalent among other minorities and socio-economically disadvantaged populations. Alexander's central premise, from which the book derives its title, is that ""mass incarceration is, metaphorically, the New Jim Crow.""Though the conventional point of view holds that discrimination has mostly ended with the civil rights movement reforms of the 1960s, Alexander claims the U.S. criminal justice system uses the War on Drugs as a primary tool for enforcing traditional, as well as new, modes of discrimination and repression. These new modes of racism have led to not only the highest rate of incarceration in the world, but also an even greater imprisonment of African American men. Were present trends to continue, Alexander writes, the United States will imprison one-third of its African American population. When combined with the fact that whites are more likely to commit drug crimes than people of color, the issue becomes clear for Alexander: ""The primary targets of [the penal system's] control can be defined largely by race.""This, ultimately, leads Alexander to believe that mass incarceration is ""a stunningly comprehensive and well-disguised system of racialized social control that functions in a manner strikingly similar to Jim Crow."" The culmination of this social control is what Alexander calls a ""racial caste system,"" a type of stratification wherein African-Americans are kept in an inferior position. Its emergence, she believes, is a direct response to The Civil Rights Movement. It is because of this that Alexander argues for issues with mass incarceration to be addressed as issues of racial justice and civil rights. To approach these matters as anything but would be to fortify this new racial caste. Thus, Alexander aims to mobilize the civil rights community to move the incarceration issue to the forefront of its agenda and to provide factual information, data, arguments and a point of reference for those interested in pursuing the issue. Her broader goal is the revamping of the prevailing mentality regarding human rights, equality and equal opportunities in America, to prevent future cyclical recurrence of what she sees as ""racial control under changing disguise.""
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