Round 1
... A ’shooting star’ is actually this. (meteor) This is the event that killed the remaining dinosaurs and 2/3 of all life. (K-T extinction) A nova can result when you have these two objects near each other. (White dwarf and other star like red giant) $1000 Variable stars are useful to astronomers becau ...
... A ’shooting star’ is actually this. (meteor) This is the event that killed the remaining dinosaurs and 2/3 of all life. (K-T extinction) A nova can result when you have these two objects near each other. (White dwarf and other star like red giant) $1000 Variable stars are useful to astronomers becau ...
PHYSICS 015
... Neutron stars of a few solar masses are already very close to the Schwarzschild radius, so it wouldn’t take much to tip the balance. For the most massive stars, the Schwarzschild radius is already too big. For example, if you wanted to allow a 10-solar-mass star to settle down as a neutron star, abo ...
... Neutron stars of a few solar masses are already very close to the Schwarzschild radius, so it wouldn’t take much to tip the balance. For the most massive stars, the Schwarzschild radius is already too big. For example, if you wanted to allow a 10-solar-mass star to settle down as a neutron star, abo ...
Lecture Notes-PPT
... If a protostar forms with less than 0.08 solar masses, nuclear fusion never begins This failed star is called a brown dwarf, a planet sized object Brown dwarfs still emit energy, due to gravitational collapse Brown dwarfs are important to astronomy since they may be the most common type of star out ...
... If a protostar forms with less than 0.08 solar masses, nuclear fusion never begins This failed star is called a brown dwarf, a planet sized object Brown dwarfs still emit energy, due to gravitational collapse Brown dwarfs are important to astronomy since they may be the most common type of star out ...
Test#4
... a) the mean distance from the Earth to the Sun b) the distance to the closest star c) 3.26 light years d) the size of the Earth’s orbit 3. The direction in the sky that our solar system is moving toward is called the a) Apex b) Solar Peak c) Solar asymptote d) stellar destination 4. Which is brighte ...
... a) the mean distance from the Earth to the Sun b) the distance to the closest star c) 3.26 light years d) the size of the Earth’s orbit 3. The direction in the sky that our solar system is moving toward is called the a) Apex b) Solar Peak c) Solar asymptote d) stellar destination 4. Which is brighte ...
Which object is a meteor?
... • Option B is the breaking apart of atoms (the opposite of what happens in stars) • Option C is not even a real thing • Option D is not a real thing either • CORRECT ANSWER: Option A nuclear fusion is the process of atoms fusing together and releasing HUGE amounts of energy. ...
... • Option B is the breaking apart of atoms (the opposite of what happens in stars) • Option C is not even a real thing • Option D is not a real thing either • CORRECT ANSWER: Option A nuclear fusion is the process of atoms fusing together and releasing HUGE amounts of energy. ...
Powerpoint for today
... Gravity is so strong that nothing can escape, not even light => black hole. Schwarzschild radius for Earth is 1 cm. For a 3 MSun object, it’s 9 km. ...
... Gravity is so strong that nothing can escape, not even light => black hole. Schwarzschild radius for Earth is 1 cm. For a 3 MSun object, it’s 9 km. ...
STARS- hot glowing sphere of gas that produces energy by
... STAR- hot glowing sphere of gas that produces energy by fusion 1] Light year—distance light travels in a year (9.5 trillion km, 6 trillion miles) 2] Star brightness A) Actual brightness- brightness right next to a star B) Apparent brightness—brightness as seen from earth 3] Formation of stars A) Neb ...
... STAR- hot glowing sphere of gas that produces energy by fusion 1] Light year—distance light travels in a year (9.5 trillion km, 6 trillion miles) 2] Star brightness A) Actual brightness- brightness right next to a star B) Apparent brightness—brightness as seen from earth 3] Formation of stars A) Neb ...
Stellar Evolution: The Lives of Stars
... to draw the star shedding gas into space leaving behind a small core, then an arrow to a small white dwarf, and then an arrow to a small black dwarf. Don’t forget to include written captions like on page 610-611! 2. Next draw the path Betelgeuse will take over about 1.5 million years. Betelgeuse is ...
... to draw the star shedding gas into space leaving behind a small core, then an arrow to a small white dwarf, and then an arrow to a small black dwarf. Don’t forget to include written captions like on page 610-611! 2. Next draw the path Betelgeuse will take over about 1.5 million years. Betelgeuse is ...
Sources of Gravitational Waves Peter Shawhan
... May accompany detectable EM / particle radiation, or may not ...
... May accompany detectable EM / particle radiation, or may not ...
The Change in Gravitational Potential Energy of Objects
... What this means is that the potential energy for objects that fall on younger stars that have a lot more mass and have much higher accelerations for free fall is much higher. This means their atmospheres are probably much more energetic from the heat of friction of particles constantly falling back ...
... What this means is that the potential energy for objects that fall on younger stars that have a lot more mass and have much higher accelerations for free fall is much higher. This means their atmospheres are probably much more energetic from the heat of friction of particles constantly falling back ...
The Milky Way
... 1. The hotter an object is, the more luminous it is: L = A*s*T4 where A = surface area; s = Stefan-Boltzmann constant 2. The peak of the black body spectrum shifts towards shorter wavelengths when the temperature increases. Wien’s displacement law: ...
... 1. The hotter an object is, the more luminous it is: L = A*s*T4 where A = surface area; s = Stefan-Boltzmann constant 2. The peak of the black body spectrum shifts towards shorter wavelengths when the temperature increases. Wien’s displacement law: ...
Star Life Cycles Stellar Nebula
... Star runs out of fuel, and force of gravity starts to condense remaining material Incredible inward force restarts nuclear fusion, causing an incredible explosion ...
... Star runs out of fuel, and force of gravity starts to condense remaining material Incredible inward force restarts nuclear fusion, causing an incredible explosion ...
PH507 - University of Kent
... Depending on their initial masses and the rate of mass loss, they may explode as yellow hypergiants or luminous blue variables, or they may become Wolf-Rayet stars before exploding in a core collapse supernova. Identifying whether Deneb is currently evolving towards a red supergiant or is currently ...
... Depending on their initial masses and the rate of mass loss, they may explode as yellow hypergiants or luminous blue variables, or they may become Wolf-Rayet stars before exploding in a core collapse supernova. Identifying whether Deneb is currently evolving towards a red supergiant or is currently ...
Integrative Studies 410 Our Place in the Universe
... • Main-sequence star; pressure from nuclear fusion and gravity are in balance – Duration ~ 10 billion years (much longer than all other stages combined) – Temperature ~ 15 million K at core, 6000 K at surface – Size ~ Sun ...
... • Main-sequence star; pressure from nuclear fusion and gravity are in balance – Duration ~ 10 billion years (much longer than all other stages combined) – Temperature ~ 15 million K at core, 6000 K at surface – Size ~ Sun ...
Astrophysics 14 - Black Holes
... • Either from material falling into the black hole:• Gravitational potential energy electromagnetic radiation. ...
... • Either from material falling into the black hole:• Gravitational potential energy electromagnetic radiation. ...
ASTR-1020 Exam 2 Review Questions
... 2. What is the Doppler Effect? Which direction do spectral lines shift if an object is approaching us? Receding from us? 3. Star A has a parallax of 0.12 arcsec and star B has a parallax of 0.0098 arcsec. Which of these two stars are farther from Earth? (Remember that the parallax angle is inversely ...
... 2. What is the Doppler Effect? Which direction do spectral lines shift if an object is approaching us? Receding from us? 3. Star A has a parallax of 0.12 arcsec and star B has a parallax of 0.0098 arcsec. Which of these two stars are farther from Earth? (Remember that the parallax angle is inversely ...
What is a star`s life cycle?
... ____________________ 1. A star changes its heat into energy. ____________________ 2. In 1987, a protostar was observed in the Large Magellanic Cloud. ____________________ 3. During nuclear reactions in large stars, helium is changed into carbon. ____________________ 4. A star stays in the main seque ...
... ____________________ 1. A star changes its heat into energy. ____________________ 2. In 1987, a protostar was observed in the Large Magellanic Cloud. ____________________ 3. During nuclear reactions in large stars, helium is changed into carbon. ____________________ 4. A star stays in the main seque ...
The death of a star
... the triple alpha process helium is fused to give beryllium and finally carbon. For stars with a mass less than 3 solar masses this occurs rapidly and is called a helium flash. The layers of the star outside the core will be heated and explosions will take place, blowing away an outer shell of gas. I ...
... the triple alpha process helium is fused to give beryllium and finally carbon. For stars with a mass less than 3 solar masses this occurs rapidly and is called a helium flash. The layers of the star outside the core will be heated and explosions will take place, blowing away an outer shell of gas. I ...
Sample Exam 2
... A. the activity of the Sun affects satellites orbiting Earth and Earth’s atmosphere. B. the same activities don’t happen on other stars. C. the activity indicates that Sun is close to moving off of the main sequence. D. the Earth’s magnetic field also reverses on an 11 year cycle. 21. In a visual bi ...
... A. the activity of the Sun affects satellites orbiting Earth and Earth’s atmosphere. B. the same activities don’t happen on other stars. C. the activity indicates that Sun is close to moving off of the main sequence. D. the Earth’s magnetic field also reverses on an 11 year cycle. 21. In a visual bi ...
hw4
... radial motion, magnetic properties, rotation, and color to be determined. An indication (but not direct measurement) of stellar radius, mass, and absolute magnitude can also be obtained from spectral information. The temperature can be determined by scanning the spectrum for the peak (most intense) ...
... radial motion, magnetic properties, rotation, and color to be determined. An indication (but not direct measurement) of stellar radius, mass, and absolute magnitude can also be obtained from spectral information. The temperature can be determined by scanning the spectrum for the peak (most intense) ...
Death of massive stars
... • It is a common misconception to think of black holes as giant vacuum cleaners that will suck up everything in the universe. A black hole is just a dead star with a massive gravitational field. At a reasonably large distance, its gravity is no greater than that of a normal object of similar mass. I ...
... • It is a common misconception to think of black holes as giant vacuum cleaners that will suck up everything in the universe. A black hole is just a dead star with a massive gravitational field. At a reasonably large distance, its gravity is no greater than that of a normal object of similar mass. I ...
Astro 2 - Red Hook Central School District
... • Binary – 2 stars appear close. Most bound together by grav. • Cepheid – varies in brightness on regular cycle of days – changing size. • Red Giant – Old star. H burning is over. Low surface T. High L, lg area. • Supergiant – very heavy star fuses elements beyond carbon. • White dwarf – solar mass ...
... • Binary – 2 stars appear close. Most bound together by grav. • Cepheid – varies in brightness on regular cycle of days – changing size. • Red Giant – Old star. H burning is over. Low surface T. High L, lg area. • Supergiant – very heavy star fuses elements beyond carbon. • White dwarf – solar mass ...
Cygnus X-1
Cygnus X-1 (abbreviated Cyg X-1) is a well-known galactic X-ray source, thought to be a black hole, in the constellation Cygnus. It was discovered in 1964 during a rocket flight and is one of the strongest X-ray sources seen from Earth, producing a peak X-ray flux density of 6977229999999999999♠2.3×10−23 Wm−2 Hz−1 (7003230000000000000♠2.3×103 Jansky). Cygnus X-1 was the first X-ray source widely accepted to be a black hole and it remains among the most studied astronomical objects in its class. The compact object is now estimated to have a mass about 14.8 times the mass of the Sun and has been shown to be too small to be any known kind of normal star, or other likely object besides a black hole. If so, the radius of its event horizon is about 7004440000000000000♠44 km.Cygnus X-1 belongs to a high-mass X-ray binary system about 7019574266339685654♠6070 ly from the Sun that includes a blue supergiant variable star designated HDE 226868 which it orbits at about 0.2 AU, or 20% of the distance from the Earth to the Sun. A stellar wind from the star provides material for an accretion disk around the X-ray source. Matter in the inner disk is heated to millions of degrees, generating the observed X-rays. A pair of jets, arranged perpendicular to the disk, are carrying part of the energy of the infalling material away into interstellar space.This system may belong to a stellar association called Cygnus OB3, which would mean that Cygnus X-1 is about five million years old and formed from a progenitor star that had more than 7001400000000000000♠40 solar masses. The majority of the star's mass was shed, most likely as a stellar wind. If this star had then exploded as a supernova, the resulting force would most likely have ejected the remnant from the system. Hence the star may have instead collapsed directly into a black hole.Cygnus X-1 was the subject of a friendly scientific wager between physicists Stephen Hawking and Kip Thorne in 1975, with Hawking betting that it was not a black hole. He conceded the bet in 1990 after observational data had strengthened the case that there was indeed a black hole in the system. This hypothesis has not been confirmed due to a lack of direct observation but has generally been accepted from indirect evidence.