SES4U Life Cycle of a Star
... Gas pressure increases as atomic collisions and density (atoms/space) increase and the protostar’s gas pressure RESISTS the collapse of the nebula. When gas pressure = gravity, the protostar has reached equilibrium and accretion stops ...
... Gas pressure increases as atomic collisions and density (atoms/space) increase and the protostar’s gas pressure RESISTS the collapse of the nebula. When gas pressure = gravity, the protostar has reached equilibrium and accretion stops ...
Astronomy Test Objective 1: Origins of the Universe Multiple Choice
... Black holes in the centers of giant galaxies—some more than one billion solar masses—had enough infalling gas to once blaze as quasars. The final mass of a black hole is not primordial, but instead is determined during the galaxy formation process. This shows that there is a close relationship betwe ...
... Black holes in the centers of giant galaxies—some more than one billion solar masses—had enough infalling gas to once blaze as quasars. The final mass of a black hole is not primordial, but instead is determined during the galaxy formation process. This shows that there is a close relationship betwe ...
Astro 10 Practice Test 3
... 10. The Sun is currently undergoing mass loss. What do we call the physical manifestation of this process? a. Sunspots b. The solar wind c. The Sun’s photosphere d. The Sun’s chromosphere 11. What special type of stellar remnant did Zwicky and Baade propose in the 1930s? a. Black holes b. White dwar ...
... 10. The Sun is currently undergoing mass loss. What do we call the physical manifestation of this process? a. Sunspots b. The solar wind c. The Sun’s photosphere d. The Sun’s chromosphere 11. What special type of stellar remnant did Zwicky and Baade propose in the 1930s? a. Black holes b. White dwar ...
Problem set 2
... and luminosity from the textbook, and between mass and radius (you can assume it’s linear, R ∼ M), compute Proxima’s effective temperature Tef f . Comparing with sun’s temperature, prove that the star appears much redder than the sun. Compute the effective temperatures of the other two stars (1.1 an ...
... and luminosity from the textbook, and between mass and radius (you can assume it’s linear, R ∼ M), compute Proxima’s effective temperature Tef f . Comparing with sun’s temperature, prove that the star appears much redder than the sun. Compute the effective temperatures of the other two stars (1.1 an ...
QUIZ 1 - AY5-S13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . YOUR NAME
... statements as (T)rue or (F)alse: F The Sun would appear redder (compared to as seen from the Earth) during the day. T The color of the sky (looking away from the Sun during the day) would be black. F At sunset, the Sun would appear redder than it does at noon. F The “green flash” would be a “red fla ...
... statements as (T)rue or (F)alse: F The Sun would appear redder (compared to as seen from the Earth) during the day. T The color of the sky (looking away from the Sun during the day) would be black. F At sunset, the Sun would appear redder than it does at noon. F The “green flash” would be a “red fla ...
ASTR100 Homework #5 Solutions Chapter 11 #29, 31 Due
... Hydrogen into Helium via the Proton-Proton Chain. During this process the Sun will lose mass and radiate it away as energy. When the sun was born the percentages were about 94% hydrogen and 4% Helium, but now we can expect the percent of Hydrogen still available for fusion is closer to 60%. Don’t wo ...
... Hydrogen into Helium via the Proton-Proton Chain. During this process the Sun will lose mass and radiate it away as energy. When the sun was born the percentages were about 94% hydrogen and 4% Helium, but now we can expect the percent of Hydrogen still available for fusion is closer to 60%. Don’t wo ...
LIFE CYCLE OF A STAR
... The 3x star contracts because of the strength of its gravity. The force of the contraction CRUSHES the dense center of the star. It leaves a BLACK HOLE. BLACK HOLE: An object that is so massive that light cannot escape its gravity. WOOH! ...
... The 3x star contracts because of the strength of its gravity. The force of the contraction CRUSHES the dense center of the star. It leaves a BLACK HOLE. BLACK HOLE: An object that is so massive that light cannot escape its gravity. WOOH! ...
Chapter20
... the Earth), they can be inclined from each other Only when the Earth lies along the axis of the neutron star is the energy detected as a series of pulses, and the object is called a pulsar. ...
... the Earth), they can be inclined from each other Only when the Earth lies along the axis of the neutron star is the energy detected as a series of pulses, and the object is called a pulsar. ...
Astro 13 Galaxies & Cosmology LECTURE 1 28 Mar 2001 D. Koo
... • The evolution of the Universe can be essentially derived using the Newtonian equations. This is due to a peculiarity of the Newtonian force: in spherical symmetry the force due to the exterior distribution is zero. Then one can easily compute the evolution of a spherical “piece” of the Universe of ...
... • The evolution of the Universe can be essentially derived using the Newtonian equations. This is due to a peculiarity of the Newtonian force: in spherical symmetry the force due to the exterior distribution is zero. Then one can easily compute the evolution of a spherical “piece” of the Universe of ...
High-Energy Astrophysics - University of Iowa Astrophysics
... • Extreme temperatures (X-ray emitting plasma) • Extreme densities (black holes and neutron stars) • Extreme magnetic fields (near neutron stars) • Extreme velocities (jets from black holes) • Extreme explosions (gamma-ray bursts) ...
... • Extreme temperatures (X-ray emitting plasma) • Extreme densities (black holes and neutron stars) • Extreme magnetic fields (near neutron stars) • Extreme velocities (jets from black holes) • Extreme explosions (gamma-ray bursts) ...
Chapter 13
... Nearby supernovae (< 50 light years) could kill many life forms on Earth through gamma radiation and high-energy particles. ...
... Nearby supernovae (< 50 light years) could kill many life forms on Earth through gamma radiation and high-energy particles. ...
ppt 0.8
... particles are mildly relativistic no solid surface (“boson sponge”) and no horizon wide mass range of particles can be accommodated Mimics black hole outside some 10 Rs Requires high-resolution observations to rule out ...
... particles are mildly relativistic no solid surface (“boson sponge”) and no horizon wide mass range of particles can be accommodated Mimics black hole outside some 10 Rs Requires high-resolution observations to rule out ...
Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe
... supermassive black holes at their centers Milky Way black hole = 3 million times the size of the Sun Distant galaxies have bright centers called quasars Quasar means “seems like a star” Galaxies sometimes collide ...
... supermassive black holes at their centers Milky Way black hole = 3 million times the size of the Sun Distant galaxies have bright centers called quasars Quasar means “seems like a star” Galaxies sometimes collide ...
Black Holes
... equivalent. So in freefall, the light and the ball also travel in straight lines. 3. Now imagine two people in freefall on Earth, passing a ball back and forth. From their perspective, they pass the ball in a straight line. From a stationary perspective, the ball follows a curved path. So will a fla ...
... equivalent. So in freefall, the light and the ball also travel in straight lines. 3. Now imagine two people in freefall on Earth, passing a ball back and forth. From their perspective, they pass the ball in a straight line. From a stationary perspective, the ball follows a curved path. So will a fla ...
Chapter13
... Low luminosity; high temperature => White dwarfs are found in the lower left corner of the HertzsprungRussell diagram. The more massive a white dwarf, the smaller it is! ...
... Low luminosity; high temperature => White dwarfs are found in the lower left corner of the HertzsprungRussell diagram. The more massive a white dwarf, the smaller it is! ...
Star Life Guided Notes
... Once _____ is in the core, outwards pressure ceases Core ________ at 1/4 the speed of light & takes about 1/10 of a second Collapse of the core to about 100 km across Outer layers “bounce” of the solid core Releases 100x the energy of our sun produces in it’s lifetime -- in 1/10 of a ...
... Once _____ is in the core, outwards pressure ceases Core ________ at 1/4 the speed of light & takes about 1/10 of a second Collapse of the core to about 100 km across Outer layers “bounce” of the solid core Releases 100x the energy of our sun produces in it’s lifetime -- in 1/10 of a ...
Sample exam 2
... 11. The Sun started off its trajectory on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram by initially moving down and to the left as it organized into a protostar. Explain this behavior in terms of temperature and luminosity, and give a reason for this behavior, given what we know about stars. 12. What are the con ...
... 11. The Sun started off its trajectory on the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram by initially moving down and to the left as it organized into a protostar. Explain this behavior in terms of temperature and luminosity, and give a reason for this behavior, given what we know about stars. 12. What are the con ...
PH109 Exploring the Uiverse, Test #4, Spring, 1999
... a) galactic digestion b) dog eat dog c) galactic feeding d) galactic cannibalism 24. The stars located in the lower left corner of the HR diagram are (a) white dwarfs, (b) main sequence stars, (c) giants, (d) supergiants 25. All the stars in a cluster are usually assumed to have the same (a) age, (b ...
... a) galactic digestion b) dog eat dog c) galactic feeding d) galactic cannibalism 24. The stars located in the lower left corner of the HR diagram are (a) white dwarfs, (b) main sequence stars, (c) giants, (d) supergiants 25. All the stars in a cluster are usually assumed to have the same (a) age, (b ...
Can you write numbers in scientific notation
... What determines what object will be left behind after a star dies out? What are the properties of each of those objects? How does Einstein’s model of gravity differ from Newton’s description? Why Einstein’s description taken to be “more complete” than Newton’s? What are the effects an outside obser ...
... What determines what object will be left behind after a star dies out? What are the properties of each of those objects? How does Einstein’s model of gravity differ from Newton’s description? Why Einstein’s description taken to be “more complete” than Newton’s? What are the effects an outside obser ...
Neutron Stars and Black Holes
... •! Many people think that black holes are dangerous –! That they suck matter in like “cosmic vacuums” •! Black holes follow the same laws of gravity as everything else ...
... •! Many people think that black holes are dangerous –! That they suck matter in like “cosmic vacuums” •! Black holes follow the same laws of gravity as everything else ...
Today`s Powerpoint
... equivalent. So in freefall, the light and the ball also travel in straight lines. 3. Now imagine two people in freefall on Earth, passing a ball back and forth. From their perspective, they pass the ball in a straight line. From a stationary perspective, the ball follows a curved path. So will a fla ...
... equivalent. So in freefall, the light and the ball also travel in straight lines. 3. Now imagine two people in freefall on Earth, passing a ball back and forth. From their perspective, they pass the ball in a straight line. From a stationary perspective, the ball follows a curved path. So will a fla ...
Stars II. Stellar Physics
... granulation. At the bright (high-T) center of each granule, gas is rising upward, and at the darker (lowerT) granule boundaries, it is sinking down again. The size of a granule seen from the Earth is typically 1”, corresponding to about 1000 km on the solar surface. There is also a larger scale conv ...
... granulation. At the bright (high-T) center of each granule, gas is rising upward, and at the darker (lowerT) granule boundaries, it is sinking down again. The size of a granule seen from the Earth is typically 1”, corresponding to about 1000 km on the solar surface. There is also a larger scale conv ...
Cygnus X-1
Cygnus X-1 (abbreviated Cyg X-1) is a well-known galactic X-ray source, thought to be a black hole, in the constellation Cygnus. It was discovered in 1964 during a rocket flight and is one of the strongest X-ray sources seen from Earth, producing a peak X-ray flux density of 6977229999999999999♠2.3×10−23 Wm−2 Hz−1 (7003230000000000000♠2.3×103 Jansky). Cygnus X-1 was the first X-ray source widely accepted to be a black hole and it remains among the most studied astronomical objects in its class. The compact object is now estimated to have a mass about 14.8 times the mass of the Sun and has been shown to be too small to be any known kind of normal star, or other likely object besides a black hole. If so, the radius of its event horizon is about 7004440000000000000♠44 km.Cygnus X-1 belongs to a high-mass X-ray binary system about 7019574266339685654♠6070 ly from the Sun that includes a blue supergiant variable star designated HDE 226868 which it orbits at about 0.2 AU, or 20% of the distance from the Earth to the Sun. A stellar wind from the star provides material for an accretion disk around the X-ray source. Matter in the inner disk is heated to millions of degrees, generating the observed X-rays. A pair of jets, arranged perpendicular to the disk, are carrying part of the energy of the infalling material away into interstellar space.This system may belong to a stellar association called Cygnus OB3, which would mean that Cygnus X-1 is about five million years old and formed from a progenitor star that had more than 7001400000000000000♠40 solar masses. The majority of the star's mass was shed, most likely as a stellar wind. If this star had then exploded as a supernova, the resulting force would most likely have ejected the remnant from the system. Hence the star may have instead collapsed directly into a black hole.Cygnus X-1 was the subject of a friendly scientific wager between physicists Stephen Hawking and Kip Thorne in 1975, with Hawking betting that it was not a black hole. He conceded the bet in 1990 after observational data had strengthened the case that there was indeed a black hole in the system. This hypothesis has not been confirmed due to a lack of direct observation but has generally been accepted from indirect evidence.