SCIENCE CHINA Magmatism during continental collision
... Orogen began at 50 Ma (An et al., 2001), which is contemporaneous with the UHP metamorphism. Up to now, the India plate is still moving northward at a speed of 3–4 cm yr−1. Therefore, for the Himalaya Orogen, the orogeny might have lasted for 65–70 Myr, but it remains further clarification whether t ...
... Orogen began at 50 Ma (An et al., 2001), which is contemporaneous with the UHP metamorphism. Up to now, the India plate is still moving northward at a speed of 3–4 cm yr−1. Therefore, for the Himalaya Orogen, the orogeny might have lasted for 65–70 Myr, but it remains further clarification whether t ...
Differentiation of the continental crust by relamination
... differences, such as the presence of garnet in the lower crust, rather than to a systematic compositional difference. Thus, here we make the simplifying assumption that there are just two layers: an upper crust and a lower crust (Fig. 3B). The composition and physical properties of the upper contine ...
... differences, such as the presence of garnet in the lower crust, rather than to a systematic compositional difference. Thus, here we make the simplifying assumption that there are just two layers: an upper crust and a lower crust (Fig. 3B). The composition and physical properties of the upper contine ...
Study Guide
... 11. An igneous rock like granite can be formed into a metamorphic rock like gneiss. 12. Heat and pressure have no effect on rocks. 13. One type of rock, such as shale, can change into several different kinds of metamorphic rock. ...
... 11. An igneous rock like granite can be formed into a metamorphic rock like gneiss. 12. Heat and pressure have no effect on rocks. 13. One type of rock, such as shale, can change into several different kinds of metamorphic rock. ...
Full Program with Abstracts - CIERA
... between 1 - 2.5 that of the Earth are common around Sun-like stars. A chief objective of the HARPS-N Consortium is to measure accurately the masses and infer compositions for a sample of these small worlds. Here I report on our conclusions from the first three years. After analyzing the Kepler light ...
... between 1 - 2.5 that of the Earth are common around Sun-like stars. A chief objective of the HARPS-N Consortium is to measure accurately the masses and infer compositions for a sample of these small worlds. Here I report on our conclusions from the first three years. After analyzing the Kepler light ...
e@ntlr rnrrul ll ng €dJuJeortttt ornr
... tions of time and temperature required are clear. Ideally, maturation are complex, but the guiding principles source beds should undergo maturation during a time span in the evolution hydrocarbons into traps is feasible of the basin when migration of fluid without escape to the surface. As either un ...
... tions of time and temperature required are clear. Ideally, maturation are complex, but the guiding principles source beds should undergo maturation during a time span in the evolution hydrocarbons into traps is feasible of the basin when migration of fluid without escape to the surface. As either un ...
Worlds Beyond: A Strategy for the Detection and Characterization of
... G, and K stars), provided that η⊕ is high enough. There is an exciting possibility of a fast track to finding and characterizing habitable exoplanets. This is the search for big Earths (super Earths) orbiting small, cool stars (called M-dwarf stars or M-dwarfs). M-dwarfs are much less luminous than ...
... G, and K stars), provided that η⊕ is high enough. There is an exciting possibility of a fast track to finding and characterizing habitable exoplanets. This is the search for big Earths (super Earths) orbiting small, cool stars (called M-dwarf stars or M-dwarfs). M-dwarfs are much less luminous than ...
a survey for ``normal`` irregular satellites around neptune: limits to
... of the planets. Such three-body interactions are independent of the planet formation scenario and mass and could have operated around both gas and ice giants (Jewitt & Sheppard 2005). Neptune’s satellite system is unusual compared to those of the other giant planets because it has no massive regular ...
... of the planets. Such three-body interactions are independent of the planet formation scenario and mass and could have operated around both gas and ice giants (Jewitt & Sheppard 2005). Neptune’s satellite system is unusual compared to those of the other giant planets because it has no massive regular ...
A SURVEY FOR ``NORMAL`` IRREGULAR SATELLITES AROUND
... of the planets. Such three-body interactions are independent of the planet formation scenario and mass and could have operated around both gas and ice giants (Jewitt & Sheppard 2005). Neptune’s satellite system is unusual compared to those of the other giant planets because it has no massive regular ...
... of the planets. Such three-body interactions are independent of the planet formation scenario and mass and could have operated around both gas and ice giants (Jewitt & Sheppard 2005). Neptune’s satellite system is unusual compared to those of the other giant planets because it has no massive regular ...
Remobilization of granitoid rocks through mafic recharge: evidence
... though extensive mudflats within the area unfortunately hide all contact relationships between them, so that it is not possible to determine their exact geometry. Few radioisotopic dates exist for the Mumbai rocks compared to the literature that exists on the Western Ghats sequence (Pande 2002, and ...
... though extensive mudflats within the area unfortunately hide all contact relationships between them, so that it is not possible to determine their exact geometry. Few radioisotopic dates exist for the Mumbai rocks compared to the literature that exists on the Western Ghats sequence (Pande 2002, and ...
9 The Clearing of Protoplanetary Disks and of the Protosolar Nebula
... and evaporates from the disk surface. A key question in planet formation is the timescale and physical mechanism for the clearing of protoplanetary disks. How rapidly gas and dust disperse determines what type of planets can form. In this chapter we compare the evolution of protoplanetary disks to t ...
... and evaporates from the disk surface. A key question in planet formation is the timescale and physical mechanism for the clearing of protoplanetary disks. How rapidly gas and dust disperse determines what type of planets can form. In this chapter we compare the evolution of protoplanetary disks to t ...
Moon Jupiter Ganymede Artega - ASTR101
... • Ganymede was most likely formed • The decay of radioactive elements within rocks further heated the core caused by an accretion in Jupiter’s increased differentiation subnebula • The accretion most likely too around 10,000 years which is much shorter its estimated 100,00 years for Callisto • G ...
... • Ganymede was most likely formed • The decay of radioactive elements within rocks further heated the core caused by an accretion in Jupiter’s increased differentiation subnebula • The accretion most likely too around 10,000 years which is much shorter its estimated 100,00 years for Callisto • G ...
Irregular Satellites of the Planets: Products of Capture in the Early
... 2003) but this is not a viable explanation for the irregular satellites. In particular, many irregular satellites follow retrograde orbits (inclinations >90◦ ) that are incompatible with formation in prograde rotating accretion disks. The most plausible explanation is that the irregular satellites w ...
... 2003) but this is not a viable explanation for the irregular satellites. In particular, many irregular satellites follow retrograde orbits (inclinations >90◦ ) that are incompatible with formation in prograde rotating accretion disks. The most plausible explanation is that the irregular satellites w ...
All About Neptune
... to being the outermost planet since Pluto’s demotion, Neptune was still occasionally the outermost planet prior to that because Pluto’s eccentric orbit caused it to cross inside Neptune’s orbit on occasion. It’s one of the four gas giants, and is also called Uranus’s ‘twin’. Because they’re very sim ...
... to being the outermost planet since Pluto’s demotion, Neptune was still occasionally the outermost planet prior to that because Pluto’s eccentric orbit caused it to cross inside Neptune’s orbit on occasion. It’s one of the four gas giants, and is also called Uranus’s ‘twin’. Because they’re very sim ...
Space Word Problems Starring Ratios and Proportions
... Teachers, librarians, tutors, and parents are granted permission and encouraged to make photocopies of these worksheets. These worksheets are reproducible for educational use only and are not for resale. © 2009 Enslow Publishers, Inc. Visit www.enslow.com and search for the Math Word Problems Solved ...
... Teachers, librarians, tutors, and parents are granted permission and encouraged to make photocopies of these worksheets. These worksheets are reproducible for educational use only and are not for resale. © 2009 Enslow Publishers, Inc. Visit www.enslow.com and search for the Math Word Problems Solved ...
Bennington, J Bret, Merguerian, Charles, and Sanders, J.E., 1999
... the word group is the subject; therefore, the correct verb form should be is, not are. The presumptive subject, minerals, has been relegated to a secondary status as the object of the preposition "of." You can avoid this by using "many" or "numerous" instead of "a group of" or "a large number of." ...
... the word group is the subject; therefore, the correct verb form should be is, not are. The presumptive subject, minerals, has been relegated to a secondary status as the object of the preposition "of." You can avoid this by using "many" or "numerous" instead of "a group of" or "a large number of." ...
Black Rain: The Burial of the Galilean Satellites in Irregular
... migration was induced in the Jovian planets by gravitational interactions with planetesimals residing in and occasionally leaking out of a ∼ 35M⊕ planetesimal disk between ∼ 13 to ∼ 30 AU (i.e., known as the primordial trans-planetary belt). These interactions eventually led to a dynamical instabili ...
... migration was induced in the Jovian planets by gravitational interactions with planetesimals residing in and occasionally leaking out of a ∼ 35M⊕ planetesimal disk between ∼ 13 to ∼ 30 AU (i.e., known as the primordial trans-planetary belt). These interactions eventually led to a dynamical instabili ...
PDF
... growth in the Arabian–Nubian Shield (ANS), covering the period between 650 Ma and 542 Ma, and describes the late Cryogenian– Ediacaran depositional, structural, metamorphic, intrusive, and mineralization events involved in the final stages of the development of the northern part of the East African O ...
... growth in the Arabian–Nubian Shield (ANS), covering the period between 650 Ma and 542 Ma, and describes the late Cryogenian– Ediacaran depositional, structural, metamorphic, intrusive, and mineralization events involved in the final stages of the development of the northern part of the East African O ...
Earth Science Textbook
... individual scientific disciplines are the vehicle for understanding crosscutting concepts and acquiring scientific skills. When individual disciplines are studied within the context of practices and cross-cutting concepts they become more meaningful and more impactful. For example: When looking for ...
... individual scientific disciplines are the vehicle for understanding crosscutting concepts and acquiring scientific skills. When individual disciplines are studied within the context of practices and cross-cutting concepts they become more meaningful and more impactful. For example: When looking for ...
Continent formation through time
... tectonic pro- cesses have been proposed for this period and feature plumes of hot mantle that led to koma- tiite– basalt lava eruptions and down-sagging (i.e. the sagduction, or dripping-down) of crust as a result of continued magmatic accretion associated with stationary ‘heat pipes’ (Moore & Webb ...
... tectonic pro- cesses have been proposed for this period and feature plumes of hot mantle that led to koma- tiite– basalt lava eruptions and down-sagging (i.e. the sagduction, or dripping-down) of crust as a result of continued magmatic accretion associated with stationary ‘heat pipes’ (Moore & Webb ...
PPT
... fl = 1 (fraction on which life actually evolves) fi = 1 (fraction of those that evolve into intelligent beings) fc = 1 (fraction of those that develop the right technology to send ...
... fl = 1 (fraction on which life actually evolves) fi = 1 (fraction of those that evolve into intelligent beings) fc = 1 (fraction of those that develop the right technology to send ...
The Oort Cloud
... Scientists have long assumed that the Oort cloud was formed during the infancy of our Solar System, about 4.5 billion years ago. When the giant planets, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune, formed out of the ancient protoplanetary disk, they did not use up all of the material in their vicinity. A l ...
... Scientists have long assumed that the Oort cloud was formed during the infancy of our Solar System, about 4.5 billion years ago. When the giant planets, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune, formed out of the ancient protoplanetary disk, they did not use up all of the material in their vicinity. A l ...
Solar System Survey - Lunar and Planetary Institute
... • May have a small solid core • Tumultuous atmospheres - rapid winds, large storms • Rotate relatively quickly Image: Lunar and Planetary Laboratory: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/multimedia/display.cfm?IM_ID=178 ...
... • May have a small solid core • Tumultuous atmospheres - rapid winds, large storms • Rotate relatively quickly Image: Lunar and Planetary Laboratory: http://solarsystem.nasa.gov/multimedia/display.cfm?IM_ID=178 ...
Late Heavy Bombardment
The Late Heavy Bombardment (abbreviated LHB and also known as the lunar cataclysm) is a hypothetical event thought to have occurred approximately 4.1 to 3.8 billion years (Ga) ago, corresponding to the Neohadean and Eoarchean eras on Earth. During this interval, a disproportionately large number of asteroids apparently collided with the early terrestrial planets in the inner Solar System, including Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. The LHB happened after the Earth and other rocky planets had formed and accreted most of their mass, but still quite early in Earth's history.Evidence for the LHB derives from lunar samples brought back by the Apollo astronauts. Isotopic dating of Moon rocks implies that most impact melts occurred in a rather narrow interval of time. Several hypotheses are now offered to explain the apparent spike in the flux of impactors (i.e. asteroids and comets) in the inner Solar System, but no consensus yet exists. The Nice model is popular among planetary scientists; it postulates that the gas giant planets underwent orbital migration and scattered objects in the asteroid and/or Kuiper belts into eccentric orbits, and thereby into the path of the terrestrial planets. Other researchers argue that the lunar sample data do not require a cataclysmic cratering event near 3.9 Ga, and that the apparent clustering of impact melt ages near this time is an artifact of sampling materials retrieved from a single large impact basin. They also note that the rate of impact cratering could be significantly different between the outer and inner zones of the Solar System.