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Scientific Justification
Scientific Justification

... to date. Following closest approach, the NH trajectory takes it far down the magnetotail, the path by which magnetospheric plasma is ultimately lost from the Jovian system. It is known that the 1 ton/sec of plasma from Io drifts slowly outward with a complex behavior with local time due to Jupiter’s ...
the passira anorthositic complex and associated granites
the passira anorthositic complex and associated granites

... Candiais and zircon from Bengala granitic intrusions yielded ages using the Montel et al. (1994) method which are slightly younger and less precise than those obtained using zircon from the anorthosite. The obtained ages are between 1.58±0.09 and 1.68±0.09 Ga interpreted as crystallization ages. Nd ...
TAP303-0: Orbital motion - Teaching Advanced Physics
TAP303-0: Orbital motion - Teaching Advanced Physics

... These laws apply for all satellite motions (not just for the planets around the Sun). Remember that circular orbits are just a special case of elliptical orbits. Each of these laws can be demonstrated with the applet on the webpage below (instructions on the webpage): http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/java ...
TAP303-0: Orbital motion - Teaching Advanced Physics
TAP303-0: Orbital motion - Teaching Advanced Physics

... These laws apply for all satellite motions (not just for the planets around the Sun). Remember that circular orbits are just a special case of elliptical orbits. Each of these laws can be demonstrated with the applet on the webpage below (instructions on the webpage): http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/java ...
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Biosignatures and Planetary Properties to be

... perhaps there is a system out there that has such a planet. We do not have the choice of seeing Earth without Jupiter being present, but probably there is a system like that out there. We do not have the choice in our solar system of seeing planets having mainly ice-free oceans, and in different sta ...
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... gravity, H also implicitly depends on the radius and the density of the planet2 . Consequently, less dense objects are likely to have more extensive atmospheres, hence they are easier to detect (Brown 2001). Density and size of planets are therefore key parameters for the present work. In order to e ...
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... just water ice, but also contains the ices of frozen ammonia, carbon dioxide, methane and carbon monoxide. The ices are blackened as they contain small particles of dust (silicate and carbonate minerals) embedded within them, and the whole nucleus is of a low density, suggesting it to be a partiall ...
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... Moons of Neptune Neptune has 13 known moons. Most are small icy bodies similar to the small moons of Uranus. Triton is the one large moon. Triton is in a retrograde orbit around Neptune. The orbit is inclined by 23o. It probably formed else where in the solar system. It surface is mainly water ice ...
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... Prograde orbit An orbit in which the satellite moves in the same direction as the earth’s rotation. The inclination of a prograde orbit always lies between 0 and 90°. Retrograde orbit An orbit in which the satellite moves in a direction counter to the earth’s rotation. The inclination of a retrograd ...
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... There are several things about the earth’s orbit that may affect the earth’s climate. 1. Since the tilt of the earth precesses, the time of closest approach moves through the seasons. This may affect the climate. 2. The tilt of the earth may be oscillating – becoming a little more than 23½o or a lit ...
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... • Nearly identical in size to Earth; surface hidden by clouds • Hellish conditions due to an extreme greenhouse effect • Even hotter than Mercury: 470°C, day and night Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. ...
astro-ph/0507149 PDF
astro-ph/0507149 PDF

... KBO’s) during the ring simulation. In the arc simulation 305 KBO’s were removed by Neptune, corresponding to 11% of the number of KBO’s simulated. Also, during the simulation no KBO’s were ejected into the Oort cloud. ...
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February`s Total Lunar Eclipse

... before first contacting the umbra, this event is difficult to see. Still, vigilant observers can attempt to detect at what point within the penumbr a l shadow slight Fig. 1. Projection of the Earth’s shadow on the sky showing the position of darkening on the Moon first the Moon during the total ecli ...
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Chapter 24

... B. The Motion of Uranus C. The Atmosphere of Uranus D. The Interior of Uranus E. The Rings of Uranus F. The Moons of Uranus G. A History of Uranus II. Neptune A. The Discovery of Neptune B. The Atmosphere and Interior of Neptune C. The Rings of Neptune D. The Moons of Neptune E. The History of Neptu ...
CHAPTER SEVEN EARTH PARTURITION AND MOON BIRTH
CHAPTER SEVEN EARTH PARTURITION AND MOON BIRTH

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Late Heavy Bombardment



The Late Heavy Bombardment (abbreviated LHB and also known as the lunar cataclysm) is a hypothetical event thought to have occurred approximately 4.1 to 3.8 billion years (Ga) ago, corresponding to the Neohadean and Eoarchean eras on Earth. During this interval, a disproportionately large number of asteroids apparently collided with the early terrestrial planets in the inner Solar System, including Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars. The LHB happened after the Earth and other rocky planets had formed and accreted most of their mass, but still quite early in Earth's history.Evidence for the LHB derives from lunar samples brought back by the Apollo astronauts. Isotopic dating of Moon rocks implies that most impact melts occurred in a rather narrow interval of time. Several hypotheses are now offered to explain the apparent spike in the flux of impactors (i.e. asteroids and comets) in the inner Solar System, but no consensus yet exists. The Nice model is popular among planetary scientists; it postulates that the gas giant planets underwent orbital migration and scattered objects in the asteroid and/or Kuiper belts into eccentric orbits, and thereby into the path of the terrestrial planets. Other researchers argue that the lunar sample data do not require a cataclysmic cratering event near 3.9 Ga, and that the apparent clustering of impact melt ages near this time is an artifact of sampling materials retrieved from a single large impact basin. They also note that the rate of impact cratering could be significantly different between the outer and inner zones of the Solar System.
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