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5. COMPETITIVE MARKETS We studied how individual consumers
5. COMPETITIVE MARKETS We studied how individual consumers

... there are strategic independence. What we have not considered carefully so far are the institutions under which economic agents make their decisions. This is the task that we are going to take up now. When the two basic types of economic agents, consumers and …rms, make decisions, they interact thro ...
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No Slide Title

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Lecture 3: Dynamics of small open economies

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Consumerism



Consumerism as a social and economic order and ideology encourages the acquisition of goods and services in ever-increasing amounts. Early criticisms of consumerism occur in 1899 in the works of Thorstein Veblen. Veblen's subject of examination, the newly emergent middle class arising at the turn of the twentieth century,came to fruition by the end of the twentieth century through the process of globalization.In the domain of politics, the term ""consumerism"" has also been used to refer to something quite different called the consumerists' movement, consumer protection or consumer activism, which seeks to protect and inform consumers by requiring such practices as honest packaging and advertising, product guarantees, and improved safety standards. In this sense it is a political movement or a set of policies aimed at regulating the products, services, methods, and standards of manufacturers, sellers, and advertisers in the interests of the buyer.In the domain of economics, ""consumerism"" refers to economic policies placing emphasis on consumption. In an abstract sense, it is the consideration that the free choice of consumers should strongly orient the choice by manufacturers of what is produced and how, and therefore orient the economic organization of a society (compare producerism, especially in the British sense of the term). In this sense, consumerism expresses the idea not of ""one man, one voice"", but of ""one dollar, one voice"", which may or may not reflect the contribution of people to society.Overall, since the end of the twentieth century, the burgeoning of consumerism as a way of life across all domains has remade politics, economics and culture:
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