population genetics
... species that is shared by essentially every human society in the world. But it turns out there is a clear biological basis for this stigma. Inbreeding is usually detrimental to the health of offspring. To understand why that’s true, we need to return to our understanding of genes and alleles. Rememb ...
... species that is shared by essentially every human society in the world. But it turns out there is a clear biological basis for this stigma. Inbreeding is usually detrimental to the health of offspring. To understand why that’s true, we need to return to our understanding of genes and alleles. Rememb ...
Resistance genes in barley - Journal of Applied Genetics
... The barley genome (HH, 2n = 2x = 14) is among the largest genomes of cultivated plants, with the size of 4873 Mbp per haploid nucleus (ARUMUGANATHAN, EARLE 1991). Comparative studies of wheat, rye and barley genetic maps show that apart from a number of gross chromosome rearrangements (such as the p ...
... The barley genome (HH, 2n = 2x = 14) is among the largest genomes of cultivated plants, with the size of 4873 Mbp per haploid nucleus (ARUMUGANATHAN, EARLE 1991). Comparative studies of wheat, rye and barley genetic maps show that apart from a number of gross chromosome rearrangements (such as the p ...
X-Chromosome dosage compensation
... In numerous organisms, sex is determined by a chromosome counting mechanism that distinguishes one sex chromosome from two. In flies and worms, XX embryos become females (or hermaphrodites), while XO or XY embryos become males (Bridges, 1916; Madl and Herman, 1979; Nigon, 1951). Sex can also be spec ...
... In numerous organisms, sex is determined by a chromosome counting mechanism that distinguishes one sex chromosome from two. In flies and worms, XX embryos become females (or hermaphrodites), while XO or XY embryos become males (Bridges, 1916; Madl and Herman, 1979; Nigon, 1951). Sex can also be spec ...
Multiple Mechanisms Contribute to Lateral Transfer of an
... ATCC 27551 that encodes genes for organophosphate degradation (opd), revealed the existence of a sitespecific integrase (int) gene with an attachment site attP, typically seen in integrative mobilizable elements (IME). In agreement with this sequence information, site-specific recombination was observ ...
... ATCC 27551 that encodes genes for organophosphate degradation (opd), revealed the existence of a sitespecific integrase (int) gene with an attachment site attP, typically seen in integrative mobilizable elements (IME). In agreement with this sequence information, site-specific recombination was observ ...
Jounral of Bacteriology
... sequence reads (5.76 ⫻ coverage) from our shot gun approach (see Materials and Methods). The total length of the nonredundant sequence formed by all contigs was 3,818 kb, which is slightly less than the size of the B. subtilis 168 genome of 4,214 kb (16). We identified 2,980 genes (72.7%) on the FZB ...
... sequence reads (5.76 ⫻ coverage) from our shot gun approach (see Materials and Methods). The total length of the nonredundant sequence formed by all contigs was 3,818 kb, which is slightly less than the size of the B. subtilis 168 genome of 4,214 kb (16). We identified 2,980 genes (72.7%) on the FZB ...
Analysis of Resistance Gene-Mediated Defense Responses in
... thaliana mutant exhibiting similar lesion-mimic and abnormal trichome development phenotypes was isolated in an independent screen. This mutant, cpr5 (now referred to as cpr5-1), was isolated in a screen for mutants with elevated expression of the BGL2 promoter, and was thus assigned the cpr (consti ...
... thaliana mutant exhibiting similar lesion-mimic and abnormal trichome development phenotypes was isolated in an independent screen. This mutant, cpr5 (now referred to as cpr5-1), was isolated in a screen for mutants with elevated expression of the BGL2 promoter, and was thus assigned the cpr (consti ...
as a PDF
... restricted to the reproductive and nervous system, although differences in body size [5,6], pheromone production [7] and life span have also been noted [8]. C. elegans, a hermaphroditic species, has extensive sexual dimorphism (Fig. 1). It includes all tissue types and about one third of the adult s ...
... restricted to the reproductive and nervous system, although differences in body size [5,6], pheromone production [7] and life span have also been noted [8]. C. elegans, a hermaphroditic species, has extensive sexual dimorphism (Fig. 1). It includes all tissue types and about one third of the adult s ...
The importance of alternative splicing in the drug discovery process
... DNA in a typical exon–intron structure, with an average of 8.7 exons per gene [1]. Following the transcription of the DNA into pre-mRNA, the introns are cut out in a process called splicing. A huge RNA–protein complex, called a spliceosome [2,3], recognizes conserved sequences (splice sites) at the ...
... DNA in a typical exon–intron structure, with an average of 8.7 exons per gene [1]. Following the transcription of the DNA into pre-mRNA, the introns are cut out in a process called splicing. A huge RNA–protein complex, called a spliceosome [2,3], recognizes conserved sequences (splice sites) at the ...
Cluster Analysis for Gene Expression Data
... algorithm to gene expression of Saccharomyces cerevisiae during two cell cycles. They grouped the genes into 30 clusters and searched for common upstream DNA sequence motifs within each cluster to identify cis-regulatory elements that may contribute to the co-regulation of genes in a cluster. They f ...
... algorithm to gene expression of Saccharomyces cerevisiae during two cell cycles. They grouped the genes into 30 clusters and searched for common upstream DNA sequence motifs within each cluster to identify cis-regulatory elements that may contribute to the co-regulation of genes in a cluster. They f ...
Invagination centers within the Drosophila stomatogastric nervous
... gut and brain as seen by mAb22C10 or anti-fasciclin II antibody stainings (B-H); anterior is left. (B) Dorsal view of the SNS (mAb22C10 staining). The frontal ganglion (FG) is formed by two groups of cells which are interconnected by the frontal commisure (fcm). From a mid-dorsal position in the fcm ...
... gut and brain as seen by mAb22C10 or anti-fasciclin II antibody stainings (B-H); anterior is left. (B) Dorsal view of the SNS (mAb22C10 staining). The frontal ganglion (FG) is formed by two groups of cells which are interconnected by the frontal commisure (fcm). From a mid-dorsal position in the fcm ...
Leapfrogging: primordial germ cell transplantation
... embryos using a cocktail of riboprobes for otx2, egr2 and hoxb9 marking increasingly posterior domains of the embryo. Loss of the anterior portion of the otx2 expression domain is seen (note region marked with asterisk in B that is not readily distinguishable in the embryo in C), while the more post ...
... embryos using a cocktail of riboprobes for otx2, egr2 and hoxb9 marking increasingly posterior domains of the embryo. Loss of the anterior portion of the otx2 expression domain is seen (note region marked with asterisk in B that is not readily distinguishable in the embryo in C), while the more post ...
PDF
... into CRMS 32B, foreground selection was applied using markers associated with the genes, and plants having resistance alleles of the donor, are selected. Selection for morphological and quality traits was practiced to select plants similar to the recurrent parent. The four gene and three gene pyrami ...
... into CRMS 32B, foreground selection was applied using markers associated with the genes, and plants having resistance alleles of the donor, are selected. Selection for morphological and quality traits was practiced to select plants similar to the recurrent parent. The four gene and three gene pyrami ...
... cerevisiae ⴛ S. kudriavzevii hybrids under study indicates that they originated from a single hybridization event. After hybridization, the hybrid genome underwent extensive chromosomal rearrangements, including chromosome losses and the generation of chimeric chromosomes by the nonreciprocal recomb ...
RNA interference pathways display high rates of adaptive protein
... transposable elements (TEs) in the germ line, and piRNAs are derived from endogenously-encoded piRNA clusters of inactivated TE sequences and from active TEs (Klattenhoff & Theurkauf, 2008; Thomson & Lin, 2009; Czech, et al., 2016). Nevertheless, within this simple framework there is substantial var ...
... transposable elements (TEs) in the germ line, and piRNAs are derived from endogenously-encoded piRNA clusters of inactivated TE sequences and from active TEs (Klattenhoff & Theurkauf, 2008; Thomson & Lin, 2009; Czech, et al., 2016). Nevertheless, within this simple framework there is substantial var ...
unit 20 inheritance and cell division
... inheritance, the second is DNA. As you discovered in Unit 19, natural selection can have evolutionary consequences only on characters that are inherited. But how does inheritance work? In what ways do offspring resemble their parents, and what causes such resemblances? As you also discovered in Unit ...
... inheritance, the second is DNA. As you discovered in Unit 19, natural selection can have evolutionary consequences only on characters that are inherited. But how does inheritance work? In what ways do offspring resemble their parents, and what causes such resemblances? As you also discovered in Unit ...
POTE Paralogs Are Induced and Differentially Expressed in Many
... specimens. POTE expression was very frequent in many different cancer types. An initial experiment shown in Fig. 3 showed that POTE is expressed in 3 of 3 prostate cancers, 2 of 2 lung cancers, 1 breast cancer, 1 pancreatic cancer, and 2 of 2 colon cancers examined. Further analyses using cDNAs from ...
... specimens. POTE expression was very frequent in many different cancer types. An initial experiment shown in Fig. 3 showed that POTE is expressed in 3 of 3 prostate cancers, 2 of 2 lung cancers, 1 breast cancer, 1 pancreatic cancer, and 2 of 2 colon cancers examined. Further analyses using cDNAs from ...
Characterization of sex chromosomes in rainbow trout and coho
... hybridization could correspond to the sex pair, since we need to demonstrate its chromosomal colocalization with OmyP9 probe. Studies of the distribution pattern of the 5S rDNA genes in the genome of salmonids indicates that these genes can occupy one or more loci (Pendás et al., 1994; Moran et al., ...
... hybridization could correspond to the sex pair, since we need to demonstrate its chromosomal colocalization with OmyP9 probe. Studies of the distribution pattern of the 5S rDNA genes in the genome of salmonids indicates that these genes can occupy one or more loci (Pendás et al., 1994; Moran et al., ...
Chapter 11 – Patterns of Chromosomal Inheritance
... Aberrations in chromosome # are usually non-viable. Down’s syndrome involves an extra chromosome #21, & it is one of the smaller chromosomes This form of trisomy (three copies of a chromosome, monosomy = only one copy of a chromosome) involves one of the smaller chromosome, indicating that having ju ...
... Aberrations in chromosome # are usually non-viable. Down’s syndrome involves an extra chromosome #21, & it is one of the smaller chromosomes This form of trisomy (three copies of a chromosome, monosomy = only one copy of a chromosome) involves one of the smaller chromosome, indicating that having ju ...
Phylogeny of elasmobranchs based on LSU and SSU ribosomal
... that sharks are monophyletic with Squatina and pristiophoriforms being squalomorphs, and they statistically rejected the Hypnosqualea clade. This is a strong challenge to prevailing ideas. The present study used an even larger, independent set of gene sequences to evaluate which of the two major hyp ...
... that sharks are monophyletic with Squatina and pristiophoriforms being squalomorphs, and they statistically rejected the Hypnosqualea clade. This is a strong challenge to prevailing ideas. The present study used an even larger, independent set of gene sequences to evaluate which of the two major hyp ...
Thrombocytopenia-absent radius (TAR) syndrome due to compound
... that may be episodic, congenital skeletal deformities including bilateral absence of radius, shortening and deformity of the ulnae, and occasionally absence of all the long bones in the arm. The fingers and thumbs are always present, while other skeletal anomalies are frequent [11]. A chromosome 1q2 ...
... that may be episodic, congenital skeletal deformities including bilateral absence of radius, shortening and deformity of the ulnae, and occasionally absence of all the long bones in the arm. The fingers and thumbs are always present, while other skeletal anomalies are frequent [11]. A chromosome 1q2 ...
Global Transcriptional Profiling Reveals Distinct Functions of Thymic
... Thymic Involution Is Associated with Downregulation of Cell-Cycle Genes in the mTEClo Subset and Decreased Activity of E2F3 in cTEC and mTEClo Cells Thymocyte and thymic stromal cellularity are greatest in mice around 1 month of age and subsequently decline as the thymus involutes (Gray et al., 2006 ...
... Thymic Involution Is Associated with Downregulation of Cell-Cycle Genes in the mTEClo Subset and Decreased Activity of E2F3 in cTEC and mTEClo Cells Thymocyte and thymic stromal cellularity are greatest in mice around 1 month of age and subsequently decline as the thymus involutes (Gray et al., 2006 ...
Full Text
... (Shimauchi et al., 1997). The predicted amino acid sequence of the forkhead domain of Cs-HNF3 shows 98% identity to that of Cifkh, and 89% identity to that of HrHNF3-1. The class I forkhead genes are characterized by a set of shared amino acid residues, A at position 9 of the domain, L at 43, Q at 5 ...
... (Shimauchi et al., 1997). The predicted amino acid sequence of the forkhead domain of Cs-HNF3 shows 98% identity to that of Cifkh, and 89% identity to that of HrHNF3-1. The class I forkhead genes are characterized by a set of shared amino acid residues, A at position 9 of the domain, L at 43, Q at 5 ...
Horizontal Gene Transfer between Bacteria
... ‘Transfer’ refers to translocation of genetic material into a cell, followed by stable integration into the recipient genome, including autonomously-replicating components of the genome (e.g. a plasmid, accessory chromosome or organelle chromosome). The transferred gene can be perpetuated in the off ...
... ‘Transfer’ refers to translocation of genetic material into a cell, followed by stable integration into the recipient genome, including autonomously-replicating components of the genome (e.g. a plasmid, accessory chromosome or organelle chromosome). The transferred gene can be perpetuated in the off ...
A/a · B/b
... phenotypes with regard to bristles and an abnormal sex ratio of two females : one male. Furthermore, all the males are normal, while the females are normal and short in equal numbers. Whenever the sexes differ with respect to phenotype among the progeny, an X-linked gene is implicated. Because only ...
... phenotypes with regard to bristles and an abnormal sex ratio of two females : one male. Furthermore, all the males are normal, while the females are normal and short in equal numbers. Whenever the sexes differ with respect to phenotype among the progeny, an X-linked gene is implicated. Because only ...