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Sex Chromosomes and Sexual Selection in Poeciliid Fishes
Sex Chromosomes and Sexual Selection in Poeciliid Fishes

... morphism for these characters. Several have been shown to be attractive to females: conspicuous coloration, especially bright orange and black spots, large caudal fins, large body size, and high courtship display rate (Farr 1980; Bischoff et al. 1985; Reynolds and Gross 1992; Nicoletto 1993; Endler ...
Functional and ecological impacts of horizontal gene transfer in
Functional and ecological impacts of horizontal gene transfer in

... other ways. There is a wide variety of cases where parasites acquired genes allowing them to capitalize on new energy sources or survive environmental stresses [49–53]. Some of these may trace back to the origin of the parasitic group, and might help explain how they made the transition from free-li ...
Seven
Seven

... displays a well-detectable cluster structure. The structure was found to consist of seven clusters, corresponding to protein-coding information in three possible phases in one of the two complementary strands and in the non-coding regions. Awareness of the existence of this structure allows developm ...
Deciphering the developmental program in the ascidian
Deciphering the developmental program in the ascidian

... determined by interactions among multiple upstream regulators. It is difficult to determine how many upstream regulators exist for a certain gene. When considering the number of upstream regulators, researchers can exclude factors with a broad DNA-binding specificity from consideration. For the 211 ...
Divergent evolution of oxidosqualene cyclases in plants
Divergent evolution of oxidosqualene cyclases in plants

... visualization. The rice Actin1 gene (Yamanouchi et al., 2002) was used as an internal control for RT-PCR. For each OSC gene, 25 or 30 cycles were used for PCR, depending on the expression levels of different genes. All RT-PCRs were carried out three times independently in separate experiments with d ...
Divergent evolution of oxidosqualene cyclases in plants
Divergent evolution of oxidosqualene cyclases in plants

... visualization. The rice Actin1 gene (Yamanouchi et al., 2002) was used as an internal control for RT-PCR. For each OSC gene, 25 or 30 cycles were used for PCR, depending on the expression levels of different genes. All RT-PCRs were carried out three times independently in separate experiments with d ...
Approaches to gene mapping in complex disorders and their
Approaches to gene mapping in complex disorders and their

... of a priori hypotheses, by first identifying chromosomal regions containing disease genes and then screening genes within the region for functional mutations. Conditions such as autism, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), reading disability and mild mental impairment, however, are said ...
Using bacterial biosensors to understand the genetic basis for
Using bacterial biosensors to understand the genetic basis for

... • Inverse PCR successfully identified transposon insertion sites; differential gene expression will be validated by real-time PCR. ...
MCB317 Topic 10, part 4, A Story of Txn Sp14
MCB317 Topic 10, part 4, A Story of Txn Sp14

... Which, if any encode txn factors? Secondary screen to identify possible txn factors ...
MOLLECULAR BIOLOGY COURSE
MOLLECULAR BIOLOGY COURSE

... Mitochondria are complex organelles that convert energy from food into a form that the cell can use. They have their own genetic material, separate from the DNA in the nucleus, and can make copies of themselves. ...
VI. CHROMOSOMAL BASIS OF INHERITANCE, cont
VI. CHROMOSOMAL BASIS OF INHERITANCE, cont

... • The gene for amber body color in Drosophila is sex-linked recessive. The dominant allele produces wild type body color. The gene for black eyes is autosomal recessive; the wild type red eyes are dominant. If males with amber bodies, heterozygous for eye color are crossed with females heterozygous ...
Supplementary Table S1: Published information about
Supplementary Table S1: Published information about

... At least three of the dorsal group genes (snake, easter and gastrulation defective) encode secreted serine proteases, which probably function during early development in the perivitelline compartment of the embryo. The results indicate that the three proteases function in a sequential activation cas ...
Bioinfo_Course_Rotterdam
Bioinfo_Course_Rotterdam

... different names, and were giving similar names to completely different genes in other species. Commissions started to propose official gene names and symbols. The 1990s were also characterised by the development of high throughput techniques such as genome sequencing, and genomic databases such as E ...
sacB - GENI
sacB - GENI

... identify/implement novel research projects each semester/year Planning/preparation time must be efficient (minimal) and easily accomplished by busy faculty or teaching assistants Experiments must be well defined and capable of producing clear outcomes Should address multiple scientific topics within ...
Validated preCRMs
Validated preCRMs



... Table 1. Average length between branches of cot-2, cot-4, cot-5 and the wt strain grown at permissive (25 oC) or restrictive (34 oC) temperatures. We cloned the three genes by complementation (Davis 2000), utilizing the Orbach/Sachs N. crassa genomic DNA cosmid library (Orbach and Sachs 1991). The c ...
Use of wheat gene resources with different grain colour in breeding
Use of wheat gene resources with different grain colour in breeding

... and snow mould, and frequent drying of grain. Lines with purple pericarp often exhibit small grains, whereas their resistance to FHB is usually good. Back-crosses are used for the transmission of non-traditional colour into the genetic background of common wheat varieties. It will be important to un ...
Epsilon Toxin Characterization
Epsilon Toxin Characterization

... Clostridium perfringens are gram positive, obligate anaerobes that produce multiple toxins and form endospores. These toxins can cause human disease such as food poisoning, gas gangrene and enterotoxemia. To date >15 different toxins have been identified in the genome of C. perfringens. Depending on ...
6 Meiosis and Mendel - Speedway High School
6 Meiosis and Mendel - Speedway High School

... testes—that develop into eggs or sperm. • Somatic cells (soh-MAT-ihk), or body cells, are all the other cells in your body. Somatic cells make up most of your tissues and organs. The DNA in your somatic cells will not be passed on to your children. Only the DNA in the egg or sperm cells gets passed ...
Lab. 8 Deviation of Mendel`s first law “Monohybrid” part 1
Lab. 8 Deviation of Mendel`s first law “Monohybrid” part 1

... Essential genes are those that are absolutely required for survival and the absence of their protein product leads to a lethal phenotype • It is estimated that about 1/3 of all genes are essential for survival Nonessential genes are those not absolutely required for survival This is lethal genes ca ...
Amphioxus
Amphioxus

... expression pattern) and protein level (i.e. isoform metal binding preferences) [7]. Avian MTs, the closest mammalian relatives, exhibit less polymorphism, with two isoforms identified in chicken [8]. Their genes share the same exon/intron structure as mammalian MTs, and they are regulated by similar ...
Molecular basis of the adult i phenotype and the gene responsible
Molecular basis of the adult i phenotype and the gene responsible

... categorized to comprise collection 207 according to the International Society of Blood Transfusion terminology. In 1993, Bierhuizen et al18 reported the expression cloning of a cDNA encoding an I-branching ␤6GlcNAc-T. The gene, designated IGnT, is located on chromosome 6p24.19,20 Another gene, locat ...
Chapter 23: Patterns of Gene Inheritance
Chapter 23: Patterns of Gene Inheritance

... Alleles code for the same trait. Examples of alleles: -curly or straight (alleles), hair type (gene) -attached or unattached (alleles), ear lobe type (gene) Chromosomes segregate during the formation of the gametes and each gamete has only one chromosome from each pair. Fertilization gives each new ...
Genome Rearrangements Caused by Depletion of Essential DNA
Genome Rearrangements Caused by Depletion of Essential DNA

... several essential gene collections, no one collection is complete, suggesting that complementary approaches using a number of screening strategies and multiple types of conditional alleles will be necessary to identify all of the essential genes that function to suppress genomic instability. Here we ...
Mapping of partially overlapping de novo deletions across an autism
Mapping of partially overlapping de novo deletions across an autism

... performed within these regions. However, while rare mutations have been reported in some candidate genes, these are often found to affect relatively few autistic individuals and are seldom supported by association trends within larger cohorts. The lack of definitive linkage and association-based res ...
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Epigenetics of human development

Development before birth, including gametogenesis, embryogenesis, and fetal development, is the process of body development from the gametes are formed to eventually combine into a zygote to when the fully developed organism exits the uterus. Epigenetic processes are vital to fetal development due to the need to differentiate from a single cell to a variety of cell types that are arranged in such a way to produce cohesive tissues, organs, and systems.Epigenetic modifications such as methylation of CpGs (a dinucleotide composed of a 2'-deoxycytosine and a 2' deoxyguanosine) and histone tail modifications allow activation or repression of certain genes within a cell, in order to create cell memory either in favor of using a gene or not using a gene. These modifications can either originate from the parental DNA, or can be added to the gene by various proteins and can contribute to differentiation. Processes that alter the epigenetic profile of a gene include production of activating or repressing protein complexes, usage of non-coding RNAs to guide proteins capable of modification, and the proliferation of a signal by having protein complexes attract either another protein complex or more DNA in order to modify other locations in the gene.
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