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Ribosome stalls at trp codons, allowing 2+3 pairing Transcription
Ribosome stalls at trp codons, allowing 2+3 pairing Transcription

... Gene order correlates with order of reactions in pathway. Premature termination of transcription when trp levels are high ...
Artificial Neural Networks - Introduction -
Artificial Neural Networks - Introduction -

... Brain computer is a highly interconnected neurons system in such a way that the state of one neuron affects the potential of the large number of other neurons which are connected according to weights or strength. The key idea of such principle is the functional capacity of biological neural nets det ...
Use of Secondary Metabolite Variation in Crop Improvement
Use of Secondary Metabolite Variation in Crop Improvement

... Mithen and Toroser, 1995; Giamoustaris and Mithen, 1996). This generated a model whereby there are four major biosynthetic loci, GSL-AOP, -ELONG, -OH and -OX, controlling structural variation in methionine derived glucosinolates (Figure 1 and 2). These four loci function epistatically to generate a ...
Retrovirus Integration Database (RID): a public database for
Retrovirus Integration Database (RID): a public database for

... Users can limit their query by choosing an option in the “Query option” section. For example, a nucleotide position range on a specific chromosome can be chosen to search for integration sites within a specific region of the host genome or users can search query integration sites based on genes, the ...
Expression of Allene Oxide Synthase Determines - Bio
Expression of Allene Oxide Synthase Determines - Bio

... PIN II (Fig. 4a). When plants were exposed to trans-2hexenal or cis-3-hexenal in the presence of MeJA, PIN II expression was induced to similar levels as when MeJA was present alone (Fig. 4b). Although products of HPL did not affect the expression of AOS or PIN II, they did induce expression of the ...
Principles of Soft Computing, 2 nd Edition
Principles of Soft Computing, 2 nd Edition

... using the Darwinian principle of natural selection and using operations that are patterned after naturally occurring genetic operations, such as crossover (sexual recombination) and mutation. ...
limmaGUI Worked Example : Swirl Zebrafish Data Set
limmaGUI Worked Example : Swirl Zebrafish Data Set

... Now you can use the drop-down combo-boxes below to define parameters for the linear model to estimate, which are log differential expression ratios between RNA types found in the Targets file. limmaGUI will use the RNA combinations selected in the drop-down comboboxes to create a design matrix. Adv ...
Medicina Reproductiva y Embriología Clínica
Medicina Reproductiva y Embriología Clínica

... residual activity in cells. Patients with the mut◦ type present the most acute phenotype, whereas mut− patient’s symptoms are less severe and variable (Martinez et al., 2005). The ...
Overexpression of a Knotted-Like Homeobox Gene of Potato Alters
Overexpression of a Knotted-Like Homeobox Gene of Potato Alters

... elements in regulatory regions of the GA 20-oxidase gene of tobacco to suppress its activity (Sakamoto et al., 2001). The results of this study demonstrate that a potato (Solanum tuberosum) homeobox gene, POTH1, is involved in vegetative pattern formation, accompanied by a decrease in GA levels. On ...
unique features of the plant life cycle and their consequences
unique features of the plant life cycle and their consequences

... organs to producing flowers, in which a few cells are programmed to undergo meiosis to produce megagametophytes, but many more cells are programmed to differentiate into microgametophytes11. There is high regularity in the anatomical placement of pre-meiotic cells in most flowers, but this does not ...
phenotypic correlations - Watson et al (v91)
phenotypic correlations - Watson et al (v91)

... modules and producing new phenotypes that are built from novel combinations of those modules. In addition to illustrating these memory behaviours in a simple model of development, the main contribution of this work is that we also show that there is an existing theoretical framework that can be tran ...
Gadd45g Is Essential for Primary Sex Determination, Male
Gadd45g Is Essential for Primary Sex Determination, Male

... and cytoplasmic proteins that bind to and modify the activity of other intracellular proteins, including p21 [1,2], PCNA [1,2], CRIF [3], CDK1 [4] and the MAP kinases p38 [5] and MAP3K4 [6]. They are implicated in the regulation of apoptosis, survival, senescence, cell cycle control, DNA repair and ...
Supplemental File 1 - Poly(A) Tag (PAT) analysis pipeline The
Supplemental File 1 - Poly(A) Tag (PAT) analysis pipeline The

... somewhere between 10 and 50, depending on the size of the tag dataset). a. Sort the txt file from step C.1 file using the UNIX sort command: sort -k 5n > b. Using a text editor (such as TextEdit on a Mac), delete rows corresponding to PATs fewer than ...
RAPD mapping of three QTLs determining trichome - UvA-DARE
RAPD mapping of three QTLs determining trichome - UvA-DARE

... controls each were raised together with the hybrid F 2. Here the average times for the parents were 84 days for B14 and 103 days for C94. The large time difference between the parental strains therefore is heritable, but subject to considerable plastic variation from year to year. The average time f ...
Level 3, 2004
Level 3, 2004

... the order, and how many of them are linked together, determines what the protein is and does. These amino acid sequences are coded for by sequenced triplets of bases on the DNA. If the DNA has a large part of the sequence replaced by another sequence, then it usually forms a completely different pro ...
Mutation Screening of the EXT Genes in Patients with Hereditary
Mutation Screening of the EXT Genes in Patients with Hereditary

... and G at position 966) were 0.833 and 0.167, respectively. However, results obtained from healthy (non-HME) individuals were 0.9 and 0.1, respectively. In other words, the frequency of G allele was higher in HME versus non-HME individuals in this study. This result suggests that c966T R G might be u ...
File - jj-sct
File - jj-sct

... New Combinations of Alleles: Variation for Natural Selection  Recombinant chromosomes bring alleles together in new combinations in gametes  Random fertilization increases even further the number of variant combinations that can be produced  This abundance of genetic variation is the raw materia ...
A small region on the X chromosome of Drosophila regulates a key
A small region on the X chromosome of Drosophila regulates a key

... 5C led to an intersexual phenotype. In these flies, the terminalia and the sex combs were always male, whereas the tergites and sternites were either female or male (Figures 2 and 3t3i). Tissue with the interstitial duplication 4C to 9C, as well as 6E to 15B, displayed intersexuality inasmuch as som ...
paper
paper

... species form in response to environmental factors, such as habitat differences or barriers to individual movements that sever a population. We have developed a computer model, called EvoSpace, that illustrates how new species can emerge when a species range becomes very large compared with the dispe ...
A process for analysis of microarray comparative genomics
A process for analysis of microarray comparative genomics

Significant enhancement of fatty acid composition in seeds of the
Significant enhancement of fatty acid composition in seeds of the

Ph.D. THESIS Analysis of the chromatin structure of MDR1 gene in
Ph.D. THESIS Analysis of the chromatin structure of MDR1 gene in

... histone acetylation in the transcriptional regulation of MDR1. In drug sensitive cells MDR1 expression increased upon TSA treatment in contrast to MCF7-KCR cells, where it remained unchanged. We found that induction of MDR1 expression in MCF7 cells was accompanied with increases in the levels of H3K ...
Molecular analysis of Japanese patients with steroid 21
Molecular analysis of Japanese patients with steroid 21

No more than 14: the end of the amphioxus Hox cluster
No more than 14: the end of the amphioxus Hox cluster

... amphioxus cluster surprisingly showed the presence not only of 13 Hox genes, but a 14th Hox gene, AmphiHox14 [7]. The lack of a Hox14 gene in vertebrate Hox clusters and the faster rate of sequence divergence of the posterior class of Hox genes (so-called “posterior flexibility”) had made it difficu ...
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Gene expression programming

In computer programming, gene expression programming (GEP) is an evolutionary algorithm that creates computer programs or models. These computer programs are complex tree structures that learn and adapt by changing their sizes, shapes, and composition, much like a living organism. And like living organisms, the computer programs of GEP are also encoded in simple linear chromosomes of fixed length. Thus, GEP is a genotype-phenotype system, benefiting from a simple genome to keep and transmit the genetic information and a complex phenotype to explore the environment and adapt to it.
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