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Technical Constraints in Using Controlled Series Compensation for
Technical Constraints in Using Controlled Series Compensation for

Transformer
Transformer

Guide to Successful Dual Voltage Systems
Guide to Successful Dual Voltage Systems

... When a charged 12V automotive battery is allowed to stand without a load, its terminal voltage is measured to be about12.6V² at room temperature. To charge the battery, a 14V source is applied across its terminals, and current is allowed to flow into the battery. The amount of charge current that a ...
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... CMOS based logic suffers from inherent limitations at low supply voltages, which include performance degradation, reduced noise margin, and lower output voltage swing. One potential solution to mitigate the problems present with CMOS at near-threshold voltages is the use of differential logic circui ...
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Adaptive Voltage Regulation and Equal Current Distribution of

... maintainability and etc. In particular, in applications to higher power demands, the use of parallel DC-DC converters is able to share the same load with significant reduction of component stress and output voltage ripple. Generally speaking, the parallel-buck DC-DC converters are not identical and ...
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... as it reduces high-frequency noise and aids in decoupling the digital inputs from the analog output. Avoid ground loop problems by connecting all grounds on the board to the ground plane. The remainder of the ground plane should include as much of the circuit board as possible. 3. When the converter ...
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... ST is continually making design and process modifications to improve the performance of its products. Immunity to negative undershoot will be improved over time, but only where it does not have a negative impact on other performance measures, such as operating speed. The application designer is, the ...
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... of given components, or by selection from a physical or pictorial display. Manufacturers' data may be used to assist the identification. The following is a list of typical components: resistors – film, wire-wound, fixed, variable, light dependent resistor (LDR), voltage dependent resistor (VDR), tem ...
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... The excellent high speed performance of the AD712 is shown in the oscilloscope photos in Figure 30 and Figure 31. Measurements were taken using a low input capacitance amplifier connected directly to the summing junction of the AD712 and both figures show a worst-case situation: full-scale input tra ...
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... A clocked comparator generally consists of two stages. In that first stage is to interface the input signals. The second (regenerative) stage consists of two cross coupled inverters, where each input is connected to the output of the other. In a CMOS based latch, the regenerative stage and its follo ...
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Rectifier



A rectifier is an electrical device that converts alternating current (AC), which periodically reverses direction, to direct current (DC), which flows in only one direction. The process is known as rectification. Physically, rectifiers take a number of forms, including vacuum tube diodes, mercury-arc valves, copper and selenium oxide rectifiers, semiconductor diodes, silicon-controlled rectifiers and other silicon-based semiconductor switches. Historically, even synchronous electromechanical switches and motors have been used. Early radio receivers, called crystal radios, used a ""cat's whisker"" of fine wire pressing on a crystal of galena (lead sulfide) to serve as a point-contact rectifier or ""crystal detector"".Rectifiers have many uses, but are often found serving as components of DC power supplies and high-voltage direct current power transmission systems. Rectification may serve in roles other than to generate direct current for use as a source of power. As noted, detectors of radio signals serve as rectifiers. In gas heating systems flame rectification is used to detect presence of a flame.Because of the alternating nature of the input AC sine wave, the process of rectification alone produces a DC current that, though unidirectional, consists of pulses of current. Many applications of rectifiers, such as power supplies for radio, television and computer equipment, require a steady constant DC current (as would be produced by a battery). In these applications the output of the rectifier is smoothed by an electronic filter (usually a capacitor) to produce a steady current.More complex circuitry that performs the opposite function, converting DC to AC, is called an inverter.
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