CHAPTER 4 ISOLATION, CHARACTERIZATION AND EXPRESSION OF GA20ox
... the gene of interest using SYBR Green (fluorophore that binds double-stranded DNA) to produce fluorescence for detection. Various internal control primers were designed (Table 4.1) based on constitutively expressed house-keeping tef Actin and 25S rRNA gene to optimize qRT-PCR measurements. The E. te ...
... the gene of interest using SYBR Green (fluorophore that binds double-stranded DNA) to produce fluorescence for detection. Various internal control primers were designed (Table 4.1) based on constitutively expressed house-keeping tef Actin and 25S rRNA gene to optimize qRT-PCR measurements. The E. te ...
First genomic insights into members of a candidate bacterial
... issues have emerged such as the sudden washout of granular sludge biomass due to overgrowth of filamentous bacteria (bulking), which can lead to complete loss of performance. Bulking of anaerobic digestion systems can be caused by a variety of filamentous microorganisms (Hulshoff Pol et al., 2004; ...
... issues have emerged such as the sudden washout of granular sludge biomass due to overgrowth of filamentous bacteria (bulking), which can lead to complete loss of performance. Bulking of anaerobic digestion systems can be caused by a variety of filamentous microorganisms (Hulshoff Pol et al., 2004; ...
Roux`s Arch Dev Biol 193, 283
... vide a means of obtaining information about different aspects of embryonic development. The number of gene functions affected indicates how many components are specific to the process. The kinds of phenotypic change observed in mutant embryos reveal parameters of the developmental system. Insights i ...
... vide a means of obtaining information about different aspects of embryonic development. The number of gene functions affected indicates how many components are specific to the process. The kinds of phenotypic change observed in mutant embryos reveal parameters of the developmental system. Insights i ...
POTE Paralogs Are Induced and Differentially Expressed in Many
... paralogs. It is possible that some of the changes involving chromosomal regions other than those harboring the POTE gene family may have affected yet unknown functional elements driving and/or controlling expression of some or all POTE paralogs. ...
... paralogs. It is possible that some of the changes involving chromosomal regions other than those harboring the POTE gene family may have affected yet unknown functional elements driving and/or controlling expression of some or all POTE paralogs. ...
The co-repressor hairless has a role in epithelial cell
... Raghavan, 2002; Millar, 2002; Stenn and Paus, 2001). Much remains to be learned, and the many spontaneous and genetically engineered mutations that display phenotypic abnormalities in murine skin provide an invaluable resource for this endeavor. The mouse mutant hairless (Hr; previously known as hr) ...
... Raghavan, 2002; Millar, 2002; Stenn and Paus, 2001). Much remains to be learned, and the many spontaneous and genetically engineered mutations that display phenotypic abnormalities in murine skin provide an invaluable resource for this endeavor. The mouse mutant hairless (Hr; previously known as hr) ...
Meiosis
... • Occurs in Humans, animals and plants. Never in prokaryotic organisms such as bacteria. • Meiosis is used in sexual reproduction of organisms to combine male and female genes, to create a new, biological organism. ...
... • Occurs in Humans, animals and plants. Never in prokaryotic organisms such as bacteria. • Meiosis is used in sexual reproduction of organisms to combine male and female genes, to create a new, biological organism. ...
Overexpression of Rice OSH Genes Induces Ectopic
... class 1 homeobox genes from rice: OSH1, OSH3, OSH6, OSH10, OSH15, OSH43, and OSH71 (Sentoku et al., 1999). When the homeobox gene OSH1 was overexpressed in transgenic rice plants under the control of the 35S promoter, unique phenotypic alterations in leaf structure, ligule displacement, and loss of ...
... class 1 homeobox genes from rice: OSH1, OSH3, OSH6, OSH10, OSH15, OSH43, and OSH71 (Sentoku et al., 1999). When the homeobox gene OSH1 was overexpressed in transgenic rice plants under the control of the 35S promoter, unique phenotypic alterations in leaf structure, ligule displacement, and loss of ...
Monoallelic Expression and Dominance
... posures of RNA gel blots and quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR, respectively. In contrast, SCRb transcripts were reduced by only approximately 10% in heterozygotes relative to Sb homozygotes. Importantly, comparison of eight SaSa and eight SaSb plants generated by forced selfing of an SaSb plan ...
... posures of RNA gel blots and quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR, respectively. In contrast, SCRb transcripts were reduced by only approximately 10% in heterozygotes relative to Sb homozygotes. Importantly, comparison of eight SaSa and eight SaSb plants generated by forced selfing of an SaSb plan ...
6.1 Summary DTCs are widely used chemicals that are teratogenic
... lysyl oxidase function. In addition, morpholino mediated loss of function of three individual Loxl proteins, Lox, Loxl1 and Loxl5b, caused similar notochord defects as observed after exposure to DTCs. Moreover, partial knock down of Lox, Loxl1 and Loxl5b sensitized developing zebrafish embryos to D ...
... lysyl oxidase function. In addition, morpholino mediated loss of function of three individual Loxl proteins, Lox, Loxl1 and Loxl5b, caused similar notochord defects as observed after exposure to DTCs. Moreover, partial knock down of Lox, Loxl1 and Loxl5b sensitized developing zebrafish embryos to D ...
Using comparative genomic hybridization to
... study, we propose the use of array-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) in order to identify orthologous genes with high sequence divergence. Here we discuss experimental design, statistical power, success rate, sources of variation and potential confounding factors. We used a spotted PCR ...
... study, we propose the use of array-based comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) in order to identify orthologous genes with high sequence divergence. Here we discuss experimental design, statistical power, success rate, sources of variation and potential confounding factors. We used a spotted PCR ...
Contribution of X chromosomal and autosomal genes to species
... to use localised RFLP markers in QTL studies, as well as to compare gene arrangements of different species. Genetic analyses of differences between the songs of D. virilis and D. littoralis showed that species-specific song traits are affected both by X chromosomal and autosomal genes. The X chromos ...
... to use localised RFLP markers in QTL studies, as well as to compare gene arrangements of different species. Genetic analyses of differences between the songs of D. virilis and D. littoralis showed that species-specific song traits are affected both by X chromosomal and autosomal genes. The X chromos ...
Transcriptome and metabolite profiling the infection cycle of
... chromosomes harboring 646 genes have been shown to be conditionally dispensable for plant infection and are now referred to as either “dispensable” or “accessory” chromosomes. It is currently unknown what role these chromosomes have in the lifestyle of this fungus, although it has been suggested tha ...
... chromosomes harboring 646 genes have been shown to be conditionally dispensable for plant infection and are now referred to as either “dispensable” or “accessory” chromosomes. It is currently unknown what role these chromosomes have in the lifestyle of this fungus, although it has been suggested tha ...
The emergence of humanevolutionary medical genomics
... 3 De novo versus segregating variation – how much of disease risk is attributable to new, necessarily rare mutations, detectable only by comparing affected offspring with parents, compared to segregating variation, with risk alleles having successfully passed through at least one generation; 4 Commo ...
... 3 De novo versus segregating variation – how much of disease risk is attributable to new, necessarily rare mutations, detectable only by comparing affected offspring with parents, compared to segregating variation, with risk alleles having successfully passed through at least one generation; 4 Commo ...
Genetics - cloudfront.net
... chromosomes. Suppose you had 23 pairs of gloves. You would have a total of 46 gloves that you could divide into two sets, 23 right and 23 left. Similarly, your body cells have 23 pairs of chromosomes for a total of 46 that can be divided into two sets: 23 from your mother and 23 from your father. Ju ...
... chromosomes. Suppose you had 23 pairs of gloves. You would have a total of 46 gloves that you could divide into two sets, 23 right and 23 left. Similarly, your body cells have 23 pairs of chromosomes for a total of 46 that can be divided into two sets: 23 from your mother and 23 from your father. Ju ...
Meiosis
... occurs prior to meiosis. However, in many other organisms such as maize, oat, humans, and mice, homologous chromosomes are not associated with each other until zygotene. Regardless of when chromosomes pair, a major question in meiosis is, how do the homologous chromosomes identify and associate with ...
... occurs prior to meiosis. However, in many other organisms such as maize, oat, humans, and mice, homologous chromosomes are not associated with each other until zygotene. Regardless of when chromosomes pair, a major question in meiosis is, how do the homologous chromosomes identify and associate with ...
Chromatin regulation during C. elegans germline development
... MOM-2, a Wnt/Wg homolog, and SRC-1, a Src-related cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase. In response, EMS divides along the anterior–posterior axis of the embryo and produces two daughters of distinct fates. (d) P2 also expresses the Delta homolog APX-1, which functions through the GLP-1/Notch receptor presen ...
... MOM-2, a Wnt/Wg homolog, and SRC-1, a Src-related cytoplasmic tyrosine kinase. In response, EMS divides along the anterior–posterior axis of the embryo and produces two daughters of distinct fates. (d) P2 also expresses the Delta homolog APX-1, which functions through the GLP-1/Notch receptor presen ...
Disruption of mCry2 restores circadian rhythmicity in mPer2 mutant
... mCry2−/− mice, PER1 can substitute PER2 in the core clock mechanism but not in the light input signaling pathway. As a note of caution, one should keep in mind that the phenotypic effect of genetic modifications of genetically altered animals in a nonhomogeneous genetic background are prone to epige ...
... mCry2−/− mice, PER1 can substitute PER2 in the core clock mechanism but not in the light input signaling pathway. As a note of caution, one should keep in mind that the phenotypic effect of genetic modifications of genetically altered animals in a nonhomogeneous genetic background are prone to epige ...
Chromosome Aberrations
... • They usually do not survive and are limited in number • If they do survive and the nondisjunction occurs early in embryogenesis, mosaicism can result • 25-30% of Turner syndrome cases are mosaics – some cells are 2n=45, some are 2n=46, some are 2n=47 ...
... • They usually do not survive and are limited in number • If they do survive and the nondisjunction occurs early in embryogenesis, mosaicism can result • 25-30% of Turner syndrome cases are mosaics – some cells are 2n=45, some are 2n=46, some are 2n=47 ...
Advances in maize genomics: the emergence of positional cloning
... [10,11] and now most maize genes have been sequenced to some extent, although not anchored on the genetic map. Two papers have increased our awareness of polymorphism, reporting findings that the ‘gene content’ differed between maize inbreds [12,13]. It was not clear at that time, however, whether g ...
... [10,11] and now most maize genes have been sequenced to some extent, although not anchored on the genetic map. Two papers have increased our awareness of polymorphism, reporting findings that the ‘gene content’ differed between maize inbreds [12,13]. It was not clear at that time, however, whether g ...
Evolutionary consequences of polyploidy in prokaryotes and the
... Background: The origin of eukaryote-specific traits such as mitosis and sexual reproduction remains disputable. There is growing evidence that both mitosis and eukaryotic sex (i.e., the alternation of syngamy and meiosis) may have already existed in the basal eukaryotes. The mating system of the hal ...
... Background: The origin of eukaryote-specific traits such as mitosis and sexual reproduction remains disputable. There is growing evidence that both mitosis and eukaryotic sex (i.e., the alternation of syngamy and meiosis) may have already existed in the basal eukaryotes. The mating system of the hal ...
3-A Notes
... more staining than others, so chromosomal banding is specific *Chromosomal nomenclature, based upon banding pattern, has been established ...
... more staining than others, so chromosomal banding is specific *Chromosomal nomenclature, based upon banding pattern, has been established ...
What is Cytogenetics?
... • Loss of a segment of chromosome • Invariably, but not always, results in the loss of important genetic material • In this example the area in the blue brackets is not present (deleted) in its pair designated by the red arrow= 46,XXdel(1)(q24q31) • Female with a deletion of chromosome 1 on the long ...
... • Loss of a segment of chromosome • Invariably, but not always, results in the loss of important genetic material • In this example the area in the blue brackets is not present (deleted) in its pair designated by the red arrow= 46,XXdel(1)(q24q31) • Female with a deletion of chromosome 1 on the long ...