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State-of-the-art Biological Processes Enrichment Using Gene Ontology
State-of-the-art Biological Processes Enrichment Using Gene Ontology

... To calculate significance, sum over the probabilities of detecting npa or more annotations up to min(m, npa ) If the GO term has more than one parent: a) define the sets of parents of a term as the union of the genes annotated to the parents (parent –child-union): Npa and npa = # of genes annotated ...
The Genetics of Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SNHL)
The Genetics of Sensorineural Hearing Loss (SNHL)

... chemical called DNA and contained inside larger structures called chromosomes which are found in every cell in the body. Most people have 23 pairs of chromosomes (46 in total). One of each pair comes from the mother and the other from the father. Chromosomes are numbered 1 (the largest pair) to 22 ( ...
identification of tendon and ligament specific genes
identification of tendon and ligament specific genes

... into muscle, bone and fat. These cells should also be able to differentiate into tendon or ligament fibroblasts, but the conditions necessary for this differentiation are not yet known. Also, there are few definitive markers available to verify that the stem cells have differentiated into tendon or ...
Guided Notes-Genetics
Guided Notes-Genetics

... i. All ____________________ carry an ___________chromosome ii. _______________________ are XX; ______________________ carry XY iii. ______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ __________ ...
Eric Turkheimer
Eric Turkheimer

... names were picked from a hat to decide which cups would get a spot on the windowsill, relegating the others to a shelf inside a cupboard. You might remember the outcome of this simple biology experiment, particularly if your bean plant resided in the dark cupboard. As with bean plants, the developme ...
1 4 SEX CHROMOSOMES AND SEX DETERMINATION 4.1 Sex
1 4 SEX CHROMOSOMES AND SEX DETERMINATION 4.1 Sex

... inherited from one sex parent but not when inherited from the other. In these so-called imprinted regions, only one copy of the genes is transcribed, the other remaining genetically silent (at least in somatic cells). It is not completely evident why genes are imprinted. The most prominent assumptio ...
Plant Comparative Genomics
Plant Comparative Genomics

... Sorghum, one of the world’s major grain crops, is an African genus of about 25 species of grasses distributed throughout tropical and subtropical regions. We have constructed a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population of approximately 250 plants from a single S. bicolor x S. propinquum cross for use ...
Genetics of prokaryotic organisms
Genetics of prokaryotic organisms

... Single-strand enters the conjugation bridge, the donor cell synthesizes a new strand at the same time. The second strand is also synthesized in the acceptor cell. Then there is recombination between donor and acceptor parts of the chromosome and excision and elimination of incomplete replication. ...
click here
click here

... Background: Aberrant DNA methylation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of human cancer, however little is known about its role in small intestinal neuroendocrine tumour (SINET) development. We report the first unbiased genome-wide DNA methylation analysis of a large cohort of SINET, aiming ...
Assessment Questions - Teach Genetics (Utah)
Assessment Questions - Teach Genetics (Utah)

... 3. Explain how cortisol and the GR protein work together in the brain to relax a rat pup. You may draw a diagram. 4. The rat nurturing example shows us how parental behavior can shape the behavior of their offspring on a biochemical level. Relate this to humans and think about the personal and socia ...
gene expression
gene expression

... • At protein level – Translation, protein processing, transport to cellular destination, protein degradation ...
SUPER WOMAN: Nobel winner Barbara McClintock discovered
SUPER WOMAN: Nobel winner Barbara McClintock discovered

... Germplasm Bank at the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT). ...
Define inheritance as the transmission of
Define inheritance as the transmission of

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... consisting of a string of chemicals that code for the manufacture of certain proteins. ...
chapter three
chapter three

... What are the basic workings of individual heredity, including the contributions of genes, chromosomes, the zygote, and the processes of mitosis and meiosis? Note the difference between genotype and phenotype. ...
Karyn Sykes Feb. 6, 2009 LLOG3: Fossil Genes Directed Synopsis
Karyn Sykes Feb. 6, 2009 LLOG3: Fossil Genes Directed Synopsis

... begin to decompose because they are not needed to survive, and the gene stops doing its job. These genes are called fossil genes because they are only remnants of the original gene. Scientists look at the remnants left of these genes and gain insight into the life of the species ancestors. They help ...
non mendelian genetics_1 (Ms. Shivani Bhagwat)
non mendelian genetics_1 (Ms. Shivani Bhagwat)

... Twin studies help disentangle the relative importance of environmental and genetic influences on individual traits and behaviors. Twins are a valuable source for observation due to their genotypes and family environments tending to be similar. More specifically, monozygotic (MZ) or "identical" twins ...
The Hammond Lab is primarily interested in an epigenetic process
The Hammond Lab is primarily interested in an epigenetic process

A Novel Estrogen-Inducible Gene Expression System for Plants
A Novel Estrogen-Inducible Gene Expression System for Plants

... Technology Summary In basic plant biology research and biotechnological applications, it is highly desirable to express genes in a controllable fashion. The development of transgenic techniques has allowed researchers to introduce homologous or heterologous genes into plants, with modified functions ...
Genome organisation and evolution
Genome organisation and evolution

... haploid genome is known as the C-value Contrary to expectation, the amount of DNA is not correlated with complexity: The protist, Amoeba dubia has about 200 times more DNA (670,000,000 kbp) than humans (3,300,000 kbp) Cannot be explained by differences in gene number ...
Controlling the Ir Genes - The Journal of Immunology
Controlling the Ir Genes - The Journal of Immunology

... during the development of B lymphocytes and could be induced in many cell types by IFN-␥ (4). At this time, few mammalian gene or cell type-specific transcription factors were known, and the mechanism(s) by which they functioned to recruit RNA polymerases was based mostly on in vitro system models a ...
Hair: Curly or Straight?
Hair: Curly or Straight?

... alleles that the organism possesses, but whose trait is not affected by if a dominant allele is present. But if two recessive alleles are present, the recessive trait is guaranteed to show up, as there is no dominant allele to mask the recessive allele. Although this is usually the case, there are a ...
Figure S2.
Figure S2.

... Figure S2. NELF-E potentiates expression of the slp1[PESE]-lacZ reporter. Fluorescent double in situ hybridization was used to compare the expression of a reporter gene containing a slp1 cis-regulatory element extending from 3.9 to 1.8 kb upstream of the slp1 promoter fused to a 129 bp slp1 basal pr ...
Chromosome 1
Chromosome 1

... Gene: A stretch of DNA that represents all the information for a product as well as when and where to make the product (What product? Cake metaphor) ...
Human Genetic Disorders
Human Genetic Disorders

... condition that a person inherits through genes or chromosomes. Genetic disorders are caused by mutations, or changes in a person’s DNA. ...
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Genomic imprinting

Genomic imprinting is the epigenetic phenomenon by which certain genes are expressed in a parent-of-origin-specific manner. If the allele inherited from the father is imprinted, it is thereby silenced, and only the allele from the mother is expressed. If the allele from the mother is imprinted, then only the allele from the father is expressed. Forms of genomic imprinting have been demonstrated in fungi, plants and animals. Genomic imprinting is a fairly rare phenomenon in mammals; most genes are not imprinted.In insects, imprinting affects entire chromosomes. In some insects the entire paternal genome is silenced in male offspring, and thus is involved in sex determination. The imprinting produces effects similar to the mechanisms in other insects that eliminate paternally inherited chromosomes in male offspring, including arrhenotoky.Genomic imprinting is an inheritance process independent of the classical Mendelian inheritance. It is an epigenetic process that involves DNA methylation and histone methylation without altering the genetic sequence. These epigenetic marks are established (""imprinted"") in the germline (sperm or egg cells) of the parents and are maintained through mitotic cell divisions in the somatic cells of an organism.Appropriate imprinting of certain genes is important for normal development. Human diseases involving genomic imprinting include Angelman syndrome and Prader–Willi syndrome.
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