Supplemental Educational Support Materials
... A collection of stars, gas, and dust bound together by gravity. The smallest galaxies may contain only a few hundred thousand stars, while the largest galaxies have thousands of billions of stars. The Milky Way galaxy contains our solar system. Galaxies are classified or grouped by their shape. Roun ...
... A collection of stars, gas, and dust bound together by gravity. The smallest galaxies may contain only a few hundred thousand stars, while the largest galaxies have thousands of billions of stars. The Milky Way galaxy contains our solar system. Galaxies are classified or grouped by their shape. Roun ...
Galaxy Evolution
... • Do all Type Ia supernovae have the same intrinsic brightness? • If all arise from CO white dwarfs that explode at the white dwarf mass limit, should they all be the same? ...
... • Do all Type Ia supernovae have the same intrinsic brightness? • If all arise from CO white dwarfs that explode at the white dwarf mass limit, should they all be the same? ...
Through Hubble`s Eye - Arizona State University
... Astronomers cannot see the very edge of the universe. Not yet. What light may exist there is so young that it comes from a time when the universe was not much more than a warm bath of neutral hydrogen gas. The first few stars and galaxies formed in this period are concealed from us today by this gas ...
... Astronomers cannot see the very edge of the universe. Not yet. What light may exist there is so young that it comes from a time when the universe was not much more than a warm bath of neutral hydrogen gas. The first few stars and galaxies formed in this period are concealed from us today by this gas ...
Living Things - Fairfield-Suisun Unified School District
... most massive stars collapse into black holes. Here, a black hole is shown pulling matter from a companion star. ...
... most massive stars collapse into black holes. Here, a black hole is shown pulling matter from a companion star. ...
The Universe - the Scientia Review
... these irregular masses form when normal galaxies are distorted through galactic interaction (see pp. 13-14). Irregular galaxies are categorized into two main groups, the first of which is called the IRR-1 group. Galaxies within this category display a structure that is too indistinct to be considere ...
... these irregular masses form when normal galaxies are distorted through galactic interaction (see pp. 13-14). Irregular galaxies are categorized into two main groups, the first of which is called the IRR-1 group. Galaxies within this category display a structure that is too indistinct to be considere ...
Protogalaxies
... of galaxy formation would have different and equally legitimate definitions in mind. For example, an observer may mean ‘the first major burst of star formation in a progenitor of a present-day elliptical galaxy’, whereas a theorist may mean ‘the peak merging epoch of dark halos of the fragments whic ...
... of galaxy formation would have different and equally legitimate definitions in mind. For example, an observer may mean ‘the first major burst of star formation in a progenitor of a present-day elliptical galaxy’, whereas a theorist may mean ‘the peak merging epoch of dark halos of the fragments whic ...
Protogalaxies Encyclopedia of Astronomy & Astrophysics eaa.iop.org S G Djorgovski
... of galaxy formation would have different and equally legitimate definitions in mind. For example, an observer may mean ‘the first major burst of star formation in a progenitor of a present-day elliptical galaxy’, whereas a theorist may mean ‘the peak merging epoch of dark halos of the fragments whic ...
... of galaxy formation would have different and equally legitimate definitions in mind. For example, an observer may mean ‘the first major burst of star formation in a progenitor of a present-day elliptical galaxy’, whereas a theorist may mean ‘the peak merging epoch of dark halos of the fragments whic ...
Discovering Poor Groups with Strong Lensing
... • Complaints about “model dependence”… Real problem is use of global failures to probe local features. ...
... • Complaints about “model dependence”… Real problem is use of global failures to probe local features. ...
Fossil Galaxies
... Astronomers and cosmologists have a problem on their hands. Their trusted computer simulations of the evolving universe predict that thousands of dwarf galaxies should currently exist in orbit around our Milky Way galaxy. However, only a few dozen dwarf galaxies have been observed. Called the “missi ...
... Astronomers and cosmologists have a problem on their hands. Their trusted computer simulations of the evolving universe predict that thousands of dwarf galaxies should currently exist in orbit around our Milky Way galaxy. However, only a few dozen dwarf galaxies have been observed. Called the “missi ...
3 - Department of Physics and Astronomy : University of Rochester
... An explanation for the origin of life has to be consistent with how much time life had, to become the way it looks now. Until about a century ago, estimating the age of the Universe lay in the domain of religion or philosophy. • Bishop Ussher, “calculating” from the Bible, got the night before 23 ...
... An explanation for the origin of life has to be consistent with how much time life had, to become the way it looks now. Until about a century ago, estimating the age of the Universe lay in the domain of religion or philosophy. • Bishop Ussher, “calculating” from the Bible, got the night before 23 ...
chime
... • across an octave in frequency (400-800MHz) • for between 5 minutes and hours (depending on Decl.) • with s timing resolution & accuracy ...
... • across an octave in frequency (400-800MHz) • for between 5 minutes and hours (depending on Decl.) • with s timing resolution & accuracy ...
First life in primordial-planet oceans: the
... the star mass reaches the unstable Chandrasekhar limit of 1.44 solar mass. The spinning WD forms a planetary-nebula PNe of evaporated planets and finally explodes as a Supernova Ia event, spreading C, N, O, P, etc. life chemicals throughout the PGC clump and beyond. But this takes billions of years. ...
... the star mass reaches the unstable Chandrasekhar limit of 1.44 solar mass. The spinning WD forms a planetary-nebula PNe of evaporated planets and finally explodes as a Supernova Ia event, spreading C, N, O, P, etc. life chemicals throughout the PGC clump and beyond. But this takes billions of years. ...
The Formula to Calculate the Red Shift-Distance Relation
... relative to R t , which has nothing to do with R t . The difference is so big that they are completely incompatible. This inconsistence is not allowed in physics. More serious is that according to (1), at initial moment when the distance between observer and light’s source is zero with R ...
... relative to R t , which has nothing to do with R t . The difference is so big that they are completely incompatible. This inconsistence is not allowed in physics. More serious is that according to (1), at initial moment when the distance between observer and light’s source is zero with R ...
Issue number 120 - fall 2006
... The answer to this riddle is a process called inflation, by which the universe is believed to have expanded faster than the speed of light during a very early period, well before the time of last scattering. Inflation would have taken small-scale quantum fluctuations from the very early universe and ...
... The answer to this riddle is a process called inflation, by which the universe is believed to have expanded faster than the speed of light during a very early period, well before the time of last scattering. Inflation would have taken small-scale quantum fluctuations from the very early universe and ...
Physica 133-11f: Sample Final Exam Here are sample questions for
... 20) How does gravitational lensing tell us about the mass of a galaxy cluster? A) The lensing allows us to determine the orbital speeds of galaxies in the cluster, so that we can determine the mass of the cluster from the orbital velocity law. B) Using Einstein's general theory of relativity, we ca ...
... 20) How does gravitational lensing tell us about the mass of a galaxy cluster? A) The lensing allows us to determine the orbital speeds of galaxies in the cluster, so that we can determine the mass of the cluster from the orbital velocity law. B) Using Einstein's general theory of relativity, we ca ...
High mass-to-light ratios of UCDs
... ❒ There are several ways to explain these high mass-to-light ratios. They could be caused by stellar mass-functions which are either top or bottom heavy (Dabringhausen et al. 2008, Mieske & Kroupa 2008). ❒ Goerdt et al. (2008) have investigated a scenario in which UCDs form through adiabatic gas inf ...
... ❒ There are several ways to explain these high mass-to-light ratios. They could be caused by stellar mass-functions which are either top or bottom heavy (Dabringhausen et al. 2008, Mieske & Kroupa 2008). ❒ Goerdt et al. (2008) have investigated a scenario in which UCDs form through adiabatic gas inf ...
doc - StealthSkater
... book-like structure defined by the generalized imbedding space with pages labeled by differed values of Planck constant. Magnetic flux tubes can be regarded as outcomes of cosmic expansion thickening the extremely thin cosmic strings and weakening the extremely strong magnetic fields inside them. Cl ...
... book-like structure defined by the generalized imbedding space with pages labeled by differed values of Planck constant. Magnetic flux tubes can be regarded as outcomes of cosmic expansion thickening the extremely thin cosmic strings and weakening the extremely strong magnetic fields inside them. Cl ...
Class 4 Galaxies Galaxy Classification Formation of Galaxies
... galaxy formation, under a billion years after the Big Bang. 100's – 1000's of stars form in these galaxies each year. Our Milky Way produces about 4 stars per year. * Galaxies at high redshifts are smaller and less symmetrical than ones at lower redshifts, demonstrating the rapid evolution of galaxi ...
... galaxy formation, under a billion years after the Big Bang. 100's – 1000's of stars form in these galaxies each year. Our Milky Way produces about 4 stars per year. * Galaxies at high redshifts are smaller and less symmetrical than ones at lower redshifts, demonstrating the rapid evolution of galaxi ...
Chapter 16
... 16.2 Galaxy Collisions The separation between galaxies is usually not large compared to the size of the galaxies themselves, and galactic collisions are frequent. The “cartwheel” galaxy on the left appears to be the result of a head-on collision with another galaxy, perhaps one of those on the righ ...
... 16.2 Galaxy Collisions The separation between galaxies is usually not large compared to the size of the galaxies themselves, and galactic collisions are frequent. The “cartwheel” galaxy on the left appears to be the result of a head-on collision with another galaxy, perhaps one of those on the righ ...
Slides_Pisin_Chen
... CC term is not allowed. To recover the well tested GR, one should integrate it once. Then CC is recovered through the constant of integration determined by the boundary condition of the universe. NTU Joint Physics Colloquium, 2011 ...
... CC term is not allowed. To recover the well tested GR, one should integrate it once. Then CC is recovered through the constant of integration determined by the boundary condition of the universe. NTU Joint Physics Colloquium, 2011 ...
Formation of the Most Distant & Luminous Quasars
... – Both BHs and host galaxies build up through hierarchical mergers. – BHs accrete gas under Eddington limit in a selfregulated manner owing to feedback. • Our model should provide a viable mechanism for other luminous quasars, no exotic process is needed. ...
... – Both BHs and host galaxies build up through hierarchical mergers. – BHs accrete gas under Eddington limit in a selfregulated manner owing to feedback. • Our model should provide a viable mechanism for other luminous quasars, no exotic process is needed. ...
Galaxy Formation,! Reionization, ! the First Stars and Quasars! Ay 127!
... plus the dissipative processes - it is a very messy process, much more complicated than LSS formation and growth! • Probably closely related to the formation of the massive central black holes as well! • Generally, we think of massive galaxy formation at high redshifts (z ~ 3 - 10, say); dwarfs ma ...
... plus the dissipative processes - it is a very messy process, much more complicated than LSS formation and growth! • Probably closely related to the formation of the massive central black holes as well! • Generally, we think of massive galaxy formation at high redshifts (z ~ 3 - 10, say); dwarfs ma ...
BelgradeCosmoJNJS
... History gives evidence that visions of Universe played an important role in the life of man. It seems to be basic human needs to organize and integrate ideas into a meaningful system. We can consider that there are thousands cultures on the earth, many religious beliefs and worldviews exist. Many tr ...
... History gives evidence that visions of Universe played an important role in the life of man. It seems to be basic human needs to organize and integrate ideas into a meaningful system. We can consider that there are thousands cultures on the earth, many religious beliefs and worldviews exist. Many tr ...
a plane-symmetric magnetized inhomogeneous cosmological model
... big bang singularity, representing a cylindrically symmetric, inhomogeneous cosmological model filled with perfect fluid which is smooth and regular everywhere satisfying energy and causality conditions. Later, Ruis and Senovilla [11] have separated out a fairly large class of singularity free model ...
... big bang singularity, representing a cylindrically symmetric, inhomogeneous cosmological model filled with perfect fluid which is smooth and regular everywhere satisfying energy and causality conditions. Later, Ruis and Senovilla [11] have separated out a fairly large class of singularity free model ...
Ellipticity, Its Origin and Progression in Comoving Galaxies
... regions actually manifests as a non-Platonic, quasi-regular, dodecahedron when "close-packed" as part of an infinite universe. As for the size of these cosmic structures, they are in agreement with astronomical observations [11], viz, approximately 350 million lightyears (Mly) in diameter. Turning o ...
... regions actually manifests as a non-Platonic, quasi-regular, dodecahedron when "close-packed" as part of an infinite universe. As for the size of these cosmic structures, they are in agreement with astronomical observations [11], viz, approximately 350 million lightyears (Mly) in diameter. Turning o ...
Big Bang
The Big Bang theory is the prevailing cosmological model for the universe from the earliest known periods through its subsequent large-scale evolution. The model accounts for the fact that the universe expanded from a very high density and high temperature state, and offers a comprehensive explanation for a broad range of observed phenomena, including the abundance of light elements, the cosmic microwave background, large scale structure, and Hubble's Law. If the known laws of physics are extrapolated beyond where they are valid, there is a singularity. Modern measurements place this moment at approximately 13.8 billion years ago, which is thus considered the age of the universe. After the initial expansion, the universe cooled sufficiently to allow the formation of subatomic particles, and later simple atoms. Giant clouds of these primordial elements later coalesced through gravity to form stars and galaxies.Since Georges Lemaître first noted, in 1927, that an expanding universe might be traced back in time to an originating single point, scientists have built on his idea of cosmic expansion. While the scientific community was once divided between supporters of two different expanding universe theories, the Big Bang and the Steady State theory, accumulated empirical evidence provides strong support for the former. In 1929, from analysis of galactic redshifts, Edwin Hubble concluded that galaxies are drifting apart, important observational evidence consistent with the hypothesis of an expanding universe. In 1965, the cosmic microwave background radiation was discovered, which was crucial evidence in favor of the Big Bang model, since that theory predicted the existence of background radiation throughout the universe before it was discovered. More recently, measurements of the redshifts of supernovae indicate that the expansion of the universe is accelerating, an observation attributed to dark energy's existence. The known physical laws of nature can be used to calculate the characteristics of the universe in detail back in time to an initial state of extreme density and temperature.