Lesson 8.3
... The most common of the types of natural selection is stabilizing selection. In stabilizing selection, the median phenotype is the one selected for during natural selection. This does not skew the bell curve in any way. Instead, it makes the peak of the bell curve even higher than what would be consi ...
... The most common of the types of natural selection is stabilizing selection. In stabilizing selection, the median phenotype is the one selected for during natural selection. This does not skew the bell curve in any way. Instead, it makes the peak of the bell curve even higher than what would be consi ...
Independent Assortment: Dihybrid cross
... eukaryotic organisms are diploid, meaning that each cell contains two copies of every chromosome, so there are two copies of each gene that controls a trait (alleles). In sexual reproduction, these two copies of each chromosome separate, and are randomly sorted into the gametes. When gametes from tw ...
... eukaryotic organisms are diploid, meaning that each cell contains two copies of every chromosome, so there are two copies of each gene that controls a trait (alleles). In sexual reproduction, these two copies of each chromosome separate, and are randomly sorted into the gametes. When gametes from tw ...
General background text Pharmacogenetics - CYP3A4
... The genotype is the hereditary information about a specific characteristic of an individual. This information is located in the genes, in the DNA that consists of nucleotides. The piece of the DNA that carries information for one specific hereditary characteristic is called a gene. The DNA is divide ...
... The genotype is the hereditary information about a specific characteristic of an individual. This information is located in the genes, in the DNA that consists of nucleotides. The piece of the DNA that carries information for one specific hereditary characteristic is called a gene. The DNA is divide ...
Solution Key 7.016 Problem Set 2
... You know that the genes regulating these two traits are located on autosomes. You decide to further characterize these genes. You mate a P1 female fly with a true breeding male lab fly (P2) that is dark brown and has normal wings and find that all F1 flies are light brown and have normal wings. a) C ...
... You know that the genes regulating these two traits are located on autosomes. You decide to further characterize these genes. You mate a P1 female fly with a true breeding male lab fly (P2) that is dark brown and has normal wings and find that all F1 flies are light brown and have normal wings. a) C ...
PEDIGREE STUDIES
... The value of a pedigree is that it can help predict the genes (genotype) of each person for a certain trait. All shaded symbols on a pedigree represent individuals who are homozygous recessive for the trait being studied. Therefore, persons I-1 and II-2 have ee genotypes. They are the only two indiv ...
... The value of a pedigree is that it can help predict the genes (genotype) of each person for a certain trait. All shaded symbols on a pedigree represent individuals who are homozygous recessive for the trait being studied. Therefore, persons I-1 and II-2 have ee genotypes. They are the only two indiv ...
MS-SCI-LS-Unit 2 -- Chapter 6- Modern Genetics
... the sex chromosomes when egg and sperm cells form? Since both of a female's sex chromosomes are X chromosomes, all eggs carry one X chromosome. Males, however, have two different sex chromosomes. Therefore, half of a male's sperm cells carry an X chromosome, while half carry a Y chromosome. When a s ...
... the sex chromosomes when egg and sperm cells form? Since both of a female's sex chromosomes are X chromosomes, all eggs carry one X chromosome. Males, however, have two different sex chromosomes. Therefore, half of a male's sperm cells carry an X chromosome, while half carry a Y chromosome. When a s ...
Worksheet - Pedigree Practice Problems
... Alkaptonuria is an inherited defect characterized by darkening cartilage in the ears, melanin spots in the eyes, proneness to arthritis, and darkening of urine upon exposure to air. It is caused by a metabolic error that results in the failure to produce an enzyme called homogentisic acid oxidase ( ...
... Alkaptonuria is an inherited defect characterized by darkening cartilage in the ears, melanin spots in the eyes, proneness to arthritis, and darkening of urine upon exposure to air. It is caused by a metabolic error that results in the failure to produce an enzyme called homogentisic acid oxidase ( ...
Mendel PowerPoint
... All started with Austrian monk Gregor Mendel in the 1800s. Mendel showed that: • Traits are inherited as discrete units. • Laid groundwork of genetics • Demonstrated patterns of inheritance ...
... All started with Austrian monk Gregor Mendel in the 1800s. Mendel showed that: • Traits are inherited as discrete units. • Laid groundwork of genetics • Demonstrated patterns of inheritance ...
Problems 11
... for instance, transfecting an I– P+ O+ Z– Y+ cell with an F’ plasmid with genotype I+ P+ O+ Z+ Y–, you will get production of β-gal and permease until enough repressor is made to block transcription. ...
... for instance, transfecting an I– P+ O+ Z– Y+ cell with an F’ plasmid with genotype I+ P+ O+ Z+ Y–, you will get production of β-gal and permease until enough repressor is made to block transcription. ...
Lesson Plans
... other’s are divided along the side column (this represents the formation of sex cells). Be sure to stress that it doesn’t matter which parent is on the top and which is along the side. The boxes in the square are filled in with the alleles from the appropriate intersecting column and row, as shown i ...
... other’s are divided along the side column (this represents the formation of sex cells). Be sure to stress that it doesn’t matter which parent is on the top and which is along the side. The boxes in the square are filled in with the alleles from the appropriate intersecting column and row, as shown i ...
Dominant and Recessive Genes
... when any two individuals are mated for the expression of traits. We completed punnett squares for each of the six types of mating exhibiting in a trait controlled by a single gene. Additionally, we worked on a more complex problem, completing a punnett square on two traits. And finally, we calculate ...
... when any two individuals are mated for the expression of traits. We completed punnett squares for each of the six types of mating exhibiting in a trait controlled by a single gene. Additionally, we worked on a more complex problem, completing a punnett square on two traits. And finally, we calculate ...
Dragon Genetics - Chester Upland School District
... Dragon Genetics -- Independent Assortment and Genetic Linkage This activity, by Dr. Ingrid Waldron and Jennifer Doherty, Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, © 2007, incorporates ideas from Dragon Genetics Lab, 2002, Bob Farber, Central High School, Philadelphia, PA and ...
... Dragon Genetics -- Independent Assortment and Genetic Linkage This activity, by Dr. Ingrid Waldron and Jennifer Doherty, Department of Biology, University of Pennsylvania, © 2007, incorporates ideas from Dragon Genetics Lab, 2002, Bob Farber, Central High School, Philadelphia, PA and ...
Genetics Unit Review Guide
... 14) Explain why sex linked traits are seen in males more often than females. 15) Explain why females can’t have holandric traits. 16) Be able identify the genetics based on a description given. 17) Be able to perform a cross for the trait of albinism if given the parental genotypes or phenotypes. 18 ...
... 14) Explain why sex linked traits are seen in males more often than females. 15) Explain why females can’t have holandric traits. 16) Be able identify the genetics based on a description given. 17) Be able to perform a cross for the trait of albinism if given the parental genotypes or phenotypes. 18 ...
Chapter 15 - Clayton State University
... How do biologists measure the genetic health of populations? • Allele frequencies in a non-evolving population behave in a predictable way: they do not change over time. • In a non-evolving population, genotype frequencies remain unchanged from one generation to the next, a condition known as Hardy ...
... How do biologists measure the genetic health of populations? • Allele frequencies in a non-evolving population behave in a predictable way: they do not change over time. • In a non-evolving population, genotype frequencies remain unchanged from one generation to the next, a condition known as Hardy ...
B. Sex-Linked Disorders
... Heterozygotes (AS) produce both normal and abnormal hemoglobin and are said to have ...
... Heterozygotes (AS) produce both normal and abnormal hemoglobin and are said to have ...
Sex-Linked Traits - lpeaks7thscience
... • Sex-linked genes are located on the 23rd chromosome (sex chromosome). • Sex chromosomes are X and Y. • XY = Boy • XX = Girl • Sex-linked genes are shown as SUPERSCRIPTS on the X chromosome. ...
... • Sex-linked genes are located on the 23rd chromosome (sex chromosome). • Sex chromosomes are X and Y. • XY = Boy • XX = Girl • Sex-linked genes are shown as SUPERSCRIPTS on the X chromosome. ...
X-Linked Dominance
... 100% RW/Roan (note all capital letters are used to designate shared dominance) ...
... 100% RW/Roan (note all capital letters are used to designate shared dominance) ...
Final Exam Practice
... While walking through the sub-basement of the Infinite Corridor late one night you come upon an enclave of gnomes. You are struck by the color of their beards, which are all blue. (Gnomes are diploid organisms, both male and female gnomes have beards, and you can assume that the gnomes are true-bree ...
... While walking through the sub-basement of the Infinite Corridor late one night you come upon an enclave of gnomes. You are struck by the color of their beards, which are all blue. (Gnomes are diploid organisms, both male and female gnomes have beards, and you can assume that the gnomes are true-bree ...
S1-1-12 - Canola to Die for
... met. [It is important to note that genetically modified canola is not required for this event. There are varieties of herbicide resistant canola that have been produced through more conventional breeding.] Further lessons would include the use of punnett squares to predict the genotype and phenotype ...
... met. [It is important to note that genetically modified canola is not required for this event. There are varieties of herbicide resistant canola that have been produced through more conventional breeding.] Further lessons would include the use of punnett squares to predict the genotype and phenotype ...
a nine-base pair deletion distinguishes two en/spm
... will be considered in a later paragraph. This is a rare event that has not been readily seen [(Figure 1 (PETERSON, 1970)]. The most frequent event is the origin of colorless germinal derivatives leading to a non-functioning allele. A large number of these have been tested (NOWICK and PETERSON, 1981; ...
... will be considered in a later paragraph. This is a rare event that has not been readily seen [(Figure 1 (PETERSON, 1970)]. The most frequent event is the origin of colorless germinal derivatives leading to a non-functioning allele. A large number of these have been tested (NOWICK and PETERSON, 1981; ...
Quantitative Genetics
... allele or gene in a quantitative trait is small compared to qualitative genes. polygenic trait - a trait that is controlled by many genes each contributing a small affect on the phenotype. examples With a quantitative trait the gene action can be either additive, non-additive, or a combination of th ...
... allele or gene in a quantitative trait is small compared to qualitative genes. polygenic trait - a trait that is controlled by many genes each contributing a small affect on the phenotype. examples With a quantitative trait the gene action can be either additive, non-additive, or a combination of th ...
Mendel and His Peas
... A pedigree chart shows an autosomal disease if there is a 50/50 ratio between men and women inheriting disease. An autosomal recessive disorder means two copies of an abnormal gene must be present in order for the disease or trait to develop. ...
... A pedigree chart shows an autosomal disease if there is a 50/50 ratio between men and women inheriting disease. An autosomal recessive disorder means two copies of an abnormal gene must be present in order for the disease or trait to develop. ...
Dominance (genetics)
Dominance in genetics is a relationship between alleles of one gene, in which the effect on phenotype of one allele masks the contribution of a second allele at the same locus. The first allele is dominant and the second allele is recessive. For genes on an autosome (any chromosome other than a sex chromosome), the alleles and their associated traits are autosomal dominant or autosomal recessive. Dominance is a key concept in Mendelian inheritance and classical genetics. Often the dominant allele codes for a functional protein whereas the recessive allele does not.A classic example of dominance is the inheritance of seed shape, for example a pea shape in peas. Peas may be round, associated with allele R or wrinkled, associated with allele r. In this case, three combinations of alleles (genotypes) are possible: RR, Rr, and rr. The RR individuals have round peas and the rr individuals have wrinkled peas. In Rr individuals the R allele masks the presence of the r allele, so these individuals also have round peas. Thus, allele R is dominant to allele r, and allele r is recessive to allele R. This use of upper case letters for dominant alleles and lower caseones for recessive alleles is a widely followed convention.More generally, where a gene exists in two allelic versions (designated A and a), three combinations of alleles are possible: AA, Aa, and aa. If AA and aa individuals (homozygotes) show different forms of some trait (phenotypes), and Aa individuals (heterozygotes) show the same phenotype as AA individuals, then allele A is said to dominate or be dominant to or show dominance to allele a, and a is said to be recessive to A.Dominance is not inherent to an allele. It is a relationship between alleles; one allele can be dominant over a second allele, recessive to a third allele, and codominant to a fourth. Also, an allele may be dominant for a particular aspect of phenotype but not for other aspects influenced by the same gene. Dominance differs from epistasis, a relationship in which an allele of one gene affects the expression of another allele at a different gene.