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AN5082, MagniV in 24 V Applications
AN5082, MagniV in 24 V Applications

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T4400 Load Sharer

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... and the low impedance output driver is able to drive the capacitive load of the cable. The voltage gain of the amplifier is close to 1 (0dB), but the insertion gain that is achieved when the buffer amplifier is inserted between antenna output and cable may be much higher (35dB). The actual value dep ...
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... NMOS and PMOS transistor impedances does not change the DC voltage significantly by designing the on-resistance of the transistors to be smaller than RF and Req . This DC reference signal Vref is stored on CCM and used as the reference voltage for the receiver sampler. Hence, CCM must be large enoug ...
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... As the full pole pitch is 180° and for motor M120 the coil pitch is reduced by 60° 共1 / 3 pitch兲, the third voltage harmonic should be reduced compared to other motors with different coil pitches under both sinusoidal and PWM voltage supplies at half load 共375 W兲, full load 共746 W兲, and overload 共88 ...
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Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
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