• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
S.C. Tang, T.A. Keim, and D.J. Perreault, “Thermal Modeling of Lundell Alternators,” IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion , Vol. 20, No. 1, March 2005, pp. 25-36.
S.C. Tang, T.A. Keim, and D.J. Perreault, “Thermal Modeling of Lundell Alternators,” IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion , Vol. 20, No. 1, March 2005, pp. 25-36.

... in the alternator. Such power electronics, including switchedmode rectifiers and converters, offer substantial improvements in output power, efficiency, and transient performance. For example, in [5] and [6], it is demonstrated that introduction of a switched-mode rectifier (SMR) can increase the av ...
Circuit Breaker testing guide
Circuit Breaker testing guide

Bulk Metal® Foil Resistors - VPG | Performance through Precision
Bulk Metal® Foil Resistors - VPG | Performance through Precision

DC Generators and Motors
DC Generators and Motors

... NOTE: Effective voltage is the equivalent level of dc voltage, which will cause the same average current through a given resistance. By using additional armature coils, the voltage across the brushes is not allowed to fall to as low a level between peaks. Compare the graphs in figure 1-4 and 1-5. No ...
Piezoelectric accelerometers and vibration preamplifie
Piezoelectric accelerometers and vibration preamplifie

... low-pass filter and attenuates the high frequency components present before the integration. Using an integration network effectively "throws away" information about the vibration. Obviouslythis is only acceptable if the lost information is not required for the purpose of the measurement. Accelerati ...
VLT 3500 Series
VLT 3500 Series

DIGITALLY CONTROLLED ENERGY HARVESTING POWER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
DIGITALLY CONTROLLED ENERGY HARVESTING POWER MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

... current mode control Boost converter and average current mode controlled Buck converter were designed and experimental waveforms were captured to test and validate the control theories used in the PEM. A Voltage Adaptive Gain compensator was used to optimize the closed loop response of both the Boos ...
FCX491A Features Mechanical Data
FCX491A Features Mechanical Data

... Should Customers purchase or use Diodes Incorporated products for any unintended or unauthorized application, Customers shall indemnify and hold Diodes Incorporated and its representatives harmless against all claims, damages, expenses, and attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any c ...
An Isolated Three-Port Bidirectional DC-DC Converter with
An Isolated Three-Port Bidirectional DC-DC Converter with

... mainly concentrated on the operating characteristics of SR BDC with fixed port voltages. The methods, which can enlarge ZVS region and reduce circulation power loss under varying port voltages, are still considered as emerging area of research. Two methods for enlarging ZVS range and decreasing powe ...
Electrical Transformers, Generators and Protection Theory
Electrical Transformers, Generators and Protection Theory

RS Series AC and DC Power Source User Manual
RS Series AC and DC Power Source User Manual

Manual - OMEGA Engineering
Manual - OMEGA Engineering

... networks) that can be installed, and simultaneously run, on one computer. The software numbers each controller in the order that they are found in the computer ("netNum" ranges from 1 to # of Controllers). Each controller manages it's own network of devices. In most cases, only one controller is nec ...
STUDY OF ELECTRICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF
STUDY OF ELECTRICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF

... Transformer is a device in static condition. The transformer transforms electrical energy from one circuit to another and important in the power system for voltage level conversion. Transformer failure might cause by several conditions such as an overload condition and most failure were caused by an ...
DESD3V3S1BL Features Mechanical Data
DESD3V3S1BL Features Mechanical Data

... Should Customers purchase or use Diodes Incorporated products for any unintended or unauthorized application, Customers shall indemnify and hold Diodes Incorporated and its representatives harmless against all claims, damages, expenses, and attorney fees arising out of, directly or indirectly, any c ...
User`s Guide
User`s Guide

... 1.Turning on the instrument: Press the power key on the front panel to turn on the power. After displaying “WELCOME” for 2 seconds and model number such as “PROTEK 9340” for 1 second in flashing manner. The instrument will enter into “standard waveforms” function state according the turning-on setti ...
FEATURES GENERAL DESCRIPTION —
FEATURES GENERAL DESCRIPTION —

MAX6876 EEPROM-Programmable, Quad, Power-Supply Tracker/Sequencer Circuit General Description
MAX6876 EEPROM-Programmable, Quad, Power-Supply Tracker/Sequencer Circuit General Description

... sequencing. The MAX6876 provides a highly configurable solution as key thresholds and timing parameters are programmed through an I 2C interface and these values are stored in internal EEPROM. The MAX6876 also provides supervisory functions and an overcurrent detection circuit. The MAX6876 features ...
Sleep Mode Handling of the Atmel LIN Transceiver ATA6663/ATA6664
Sleep Mode Handling of the Atmel LIN Transceiver ATA6663/ATA6664

... microcontroller. In general, the unpowered mode is the same as the fail-safe mode, but the Atmel ATA6663/ATA6664 does not change its state according to the EN pin. If the microcontroller does not change the state of the EN pin (the EN pin remains high) during this period, then the Atmel® ATA6663/ATA ...
switchgear
switchgear

RS Series AC and DC Power Source User Manual
RS Series AC and DC Power Source User Manual

... Ensure that the AC power line ground is connected properly to the Power Rack input connector or chassis. Similarly, other power ground lines including those to application and maintenance equipment must be grounded properly for both personnel and equipment safety. Always ensure that facility AC inpu ...
Student Biographies
Student Biographies

... Analyze the following circuit to determine all the node voltages and branch currents, given that Vt=1V and k’n(W/L) is 1mA/V2. Neglect the channel length modulation effect (i.e. assume l=0) ...
LTC4261/LTC4261-2 - Negative Voltage Hot
LTC4261/LTC4261-2 - Negative Voltage Hot

PIN Diode Switch Circuit for Short Time High Current
PIN Diode Switch Circuit for Short Time High Current

... circumstances, as a current controlled resistor at RF and microwave frequencies. Although most PN junction diodes exhibit this characteristic to some extent, PIN diodes are optimized in design to achieve a relatively wide and linear resistance range [1,2]. The ability to control large RF signals whi ...
Fieldbus system CC-Link EX600-SMJ* EX600 –DX* EX600 –DY
Fieldbus system CC-Link EX600-SMJ* EX600 –DX* EX600 –DY

A 3-Phase ac Induction Motor Control System Based on the
A 3-Phase ac Induction Motor Control System Based on the

... One of the most important features of the PWMMC is its ability to “shut itself down” when a system fault is detected. When dealing with a system that potentially could have hundreds of amps of peak current, reacting to faults such as overcurrent or overvoltage conditions is an absolute necessity. Fa ...
< 1 ... 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 ... 2207 >

Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report