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Proposal
Proposal

... through(but at the expense of slower speed), which means less influence from the the pass gate branch to the looped inverters, thus closer the actual working point is to the theoretical metastable point. On the other hand, we also got from our simulation that when we increase the drain area of PMOS/ ...
FMS6143 Low-Cost Three-Channel 4th-Order Standard Defi nition Video Filter Driver
FMS6143 Low-Cost Three-Channel 4th-Order Standard Defi nition Video Filter Driver

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MAX3040–MAX3045 ±10kV ESD-Protected

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BD3650FP-M

1 - University of Toronto
1 - University of Toronto

... j   0   0  and, (ii) the driven current amplitude is maximum, Imax= V0Q X C0 . The two observations can be considered to be the consequence of the fact that at resonance the loop impedance is pure resistance. It should be mentioned that although in the circuit considered the response current ...
EV1HMC344ALP3 Datasheet
EV1HMC344ALP3 Datasheet

Balanced charge carrier mobilities in bulk heterojunction
Balanced charge carrier mobilities in bulk heterojunction

... single process. Here, one concern can be the orientation of polymer backbone with respect to the surface. In OFETs, higher mobility will be achieved if a polymer tends to have predominant edge-on configuration, which results in low efficiency for OPVs as charge transport along polymer backbone p  p ...
Chapter 2: Circuit Elements
Chapter 2: Circuit Elements

... how to calculate i12 in the equation above. Also, the voltage across any individual component can be found with one KVL. As one more example, the voltage across the current source in the circuit above is nothing but v2. Notation Rules (you knew we were going to have this…) All node voltages must be ...
Electrical Damping of a Piezoelectric Plate
Electrical Damping of a Piezoelectric Plate

10th Int`l Symposium on Quality Electronic Design
10th Int`l Symposium on Quality Electronic Design

... can therefore achieve higher efficiency as compared to nonintegrated converters [7], [8]. Integrating DC-DC converters on-chip in both 2-D and 3-D technologies, however, imposes challenges as the onchip integration of large inductive and capacitive elements is problematic. A significant issue is the ...
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... low-power logic ICs. It automatically switches to the backup battery when the primary power supply is interrupted. Low-loss switches guarantee an input-to-output differential of only 200mV while supplying 250mA from the primary power supply or 15mA from the battery. Battery discharge during shipping ...
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Cadence Tutorial C: Simulating DC and Timing Characteristics

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The Revenge KR842VHD Amplifier

... Mauri Pännäri (M.Sc. e.e.) has worked 30 years in professional telecommunications repair, construction, measurement, planning, and research at Telecom Finland (now Sonera Corporation). Hi-fi has been his hobby from the age of 15, when he built his first tubed amp with 2× EL84s. He enjoys classical m ...
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MAX17031 Dual Quick-PWM Step-Down Controller with Low- General Description

... sense for valley current-limit protection. Combined with the output overvoltage and undervoltage protection features, this current limit ensures robust output supplies. The 5V/3.3V SMPS outputs can save power by operating in pulse-skipping mode or in ultrasonic mode to avoid audible noise. Ultrasoni ...
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Edwards Sentrol 300 Series Interlock Switches, 301-BT

... solenoids must be considered. Transient protection, such as back-to-back zener diodes (TransZorb®) or an RC network, is recommended for such loads to ensure that maximum ratings of the switch are not exceeded. Not recommended to be used with tungsten filament loads because of high current inrush sur ...
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Watch Out for Those Thermoelectric Voltages!

1 Scope
1 Scope

... Discharge voltage (K.12): The voltage that appears across the terminals of a gas discharge tube during the passage of discharge current. Also referred to as “residual voltage”. Discontinuous interference (IEC 60050-161-02-13) (K.43, K.48): Electromagnetic interference occurring during certain time i ...
ADA4932-1 数据手册DataSheet 下载
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... between the supply pins (VS) times the quiescent current (IS). The power dissipated due to the load drive depends upon the particular application. The power due to load drive is calculated by multiplying the load current by the associated voltage drop across the device. RMS voltages and currents mus ...
Enhancement of THD in HVDC System using Shunt Active Power
Enhancement of THD in HVDC System using Shunt Active Power

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Fault Analysis

Universal LightProbe™ Penta High Sensitivity Sensors
Universal LightProbe™ Penta High Sensitivity Sensors

... The Universal LightProbe Penta High Sensitivity Sensors test very dim LEDs. The sensor provides an analog output ranging from 0 to 4 volts, corresponding to the LED’s luminous intensity in millicandelas (C.I.E. photopic-curve-corrected). The mcd-related output is consistent with most LED manufacture ...
Gain Structure - Setting the System Levels
Gain Structure - Setting the System Levels

... For electronic equipment, the maximum output is ultimately determined by its power supply – If the power supply provides ±15 volts to the integrated circuit opamps, the maximum possible peak-to-peak signal voltage is 30 volts. It will never be 31 volts - you can’t generate what’s not there, at least ...
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Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
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