CHAPTER 4
... Photoelectric sensors consist basically of a source emitting a light beam and a light-sensing detector receiving the beam. The object to be sensed interrupts or reflects the beam, thereby making its presence known without physical contact between sensors and object. The light-sensing detectors in ph ...
... Photoelectric sensors consist basically of a source emitting a light beam and a light-sensing detector receiving the beam. The object to be sensed interrupts or reflects the beam, thereby making its presence known without physical contact between sensors and object. The light-sensing detectors in ph ...
Co-Design of ESD Protection and Integrated Circuits
... Engineering at University of California, Riverside, where he is Director for the Laboratory for Integrated Circuits and Systems and Director for the University of California Center for Ubiquitous Communications by Light (UC-Light). His research interests focus on analog/mixedsignal/RF ICs, integrate ...
... Engineering at University of California, Riverside, where he is Director for the Laboratory for Integrated Circuits and Systems and Director for the University of California Center for Ubiquitous Communications by Light (UC-Light). His research interests focus on analog/mixedsignal/RF ICs, integrate ...
An Energy-Efficient, Adiabatic Electrode Stimulator with Inductive Energy Recycling and Feedback Current Regulation
... achieve this condition naturally simply by always applying constant currents. However, although the dissipation in the solution resistance is minimized, the current sources themselves dissipate power. The currents produced by adiabatic switched-capacitor-based stimulators tend to be exponential in n ...
... achieve this condition naturally simply by always applying constant currents. However, although the dissipation in the solution resistance is minimized, the current sources themselves dissipate power. The currents produced by adiabatic switched-capacitor-based stimulators tend to be exponential in n ...
Field Effect Transistors (1)
... Bias Circuits Analysis of amplifier circuits is often undertaken in two steps: (1) The dc circuit analysis to determine the Q point. It involves the nonlinear equation or the load-line method. This is called bias analysis (2) Use a linear small-signal equivalent circuit to determine circuit paramet ...
... Bias Circuits Analysis of amplifier circuits is often undertaken in two steps: (1) The dc circuit analysis to determine the Q point. It involves the nonlinear equation or the load-line method. This is called bias analysis (2) Use a linear small-signal equivalent circuit to determine circuit paramet ...
SHOT AND THERMAL NOISE
... Ultimately, the aim of your measurements is to investigate the shot and thermal noise as predicted by the Schottky and Nyquist formulas and determine the values of e and k in the process. If time permits, you can try your hand at noise thermometry (thermal noise temperature dependence) by immersing ...
... Ultimately, the aim of your measurements is to investigate the shot and thermal noise as predicted by the Schottky and Nyquist formulas and determine the values of e and k in the process. If time permits, you can try your hand at noise thermometry (thermal noise temperature dependence) by immersing ...
Title Synthesis of input-rectifierless AC/DC converters Author(s) Liu
... One straightforward approach to implement a rectifierless ac/dc converter is to construct two circuits (two complete converters), each working for either positive or negative half cycle of the line period. This approach, however, requires rather complicated circuits [2], [3]. Another possibility is ...
... One straightforward approach to implement a rectifierless ac/dc converter is to construct two circuits (two complete converters), each working for either positive or negative half cycle of the line period. This approach, however, requires rather complicated circuits [2], [3]. Another possibility is ...
UXM15P-Datasheet 2008-2-28 ROHS:UXM15P-Datasheet 2005
... The outputs require a DC return path capable of handling ~35mA per side. If DC coupling is employed, the DC resistance of the receiving circuits should be ~50 ohms (or less) to VCC to prevent excessive common mode voltage from saturating the prescaler outputs. If AC coupling is used, the perfect emb ...
... The outputs require a DC return path capable of handling ~35mA per side. If DC coupling is employed, the DC resistance of the receiving circuits should be ~50 ohms (or less) to VCC to prevent excessive common mode voltage from saturating the prescaler outputs. If AC coupling is used, the perfect emb ...
Chevy Volt Lear 3.3kW High Voltage Charger
... If at any time during the charge process, either the AC power or 12v power are removed, charging will terminate. It will resume if AC power and 12vdc later become available. In this way, y ...
... If at any time during the charge process, either the AC power or 12v power are removed, charging will terminate. It will resume if AC power and 12vdc later become available. In this way, y ...
HPI- Inverter operating Instructions
... loads, such as air conditioner, home appliances, consumer electronic and office equipments. This series features a durable & continuous 24 operation. The built-in 5-stage intelligent charger automatically charges any type of batteries without the risk of overcharge. The compact & modular design make ...
... loads, such as air conditioner, home appliances, consumer electronic and office equipments. This series features a durable & continuous 24 operation. The built-in 5-stage intelligent charger automatically charges any type of batteries without the risk of overcharge. The compact & modular design make ...
LM211-Q1 数据资料 dataSheet 下载
... The LM211 is a single high-speed voltage comparator. This device is designed to operate from a wide range of power-supply voltages, including ±15-V supplies for operational amplifiers and 5-V supplies for logic systems. The output levels are compatible with most TTL and MOS circuits. This comparator ...
... The LM211 is a single high-speed voltage comparator. This device is designed to operate from a wide range of power-supply voltages, including ±15-V supplies for operational amplifiers and 5-V supplies for logic systems. The output levels are compatible with most TTL and MOS circuits. This comparator ...
Digital Systems: Combinational Logic Circuits
... Inputs or outputs shorted to ground or Vcc (Figure 4.35(a)-(d)) Inputs or outputs open-circuited (Figure 4.37) Short between two pins (other than ground or Vcc): whenever two signals that are supposed to be different show the same logic-level variations. (Figure 4.39) ...
... Inputs or outputs shorted to ground or Vcc (Figure 4.35(a)-(d)) Inputs or outputs open-circuited (Figure 4.37) Short between two pins (other than ground or Vcc): whenever two signals that are supposed to be different show the same logic-level variations. (Figure 4.39) ...
Frequency and power dependence of spin
... than the resonant condition.23,24 Second, the strong nonlinear dependence observed at low frequency is well represented by the resonance magnetic field shift and the asymmetric distortion of the resonance line as observed in Fig. 4(a). These observations are correlated with the pioneering works of S ...
... than the resonant condition.23,24 Second, the strong nonlinear dependence observed at low frequency is well represented by the resonance magnetic field shift and the asymmetric distortion of the resonance line as observed in Fig. 4(a). These observations are correlated with the pioneering works of S ...
Resistive opto-isolator
Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.