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MX7839 Octal, 13-Bit Voltage-Output DAC with Parallel Interface General Description
MX7839 Octal, 13-Bit Voltage-Output DAC with Parallel Interface General Description

... amplifiers provide the voltage outputs. The device operates from ±15V supplies. Its bipolar output voltage swing is ±10V and is achieved with no external components. The MX7839 has three pairs of differential reference inputs; two of these pairs are connected to two DACs each, and a third pair is co ...
Circuit Design for Realization of a 16 bit 1MS/s Successive
Circuit Design for Realization of a 16 bit 1MS/s Successive

... input and the calibration process is time consuming. Other self calibrating techniques exist, but most require some sort of known input, or require the converter to be taken out of operation while it is being calibrated. The split ADC calibration technique, introduced in [3] and [4], does not suffer ...
Using Rogowski coils for transient current
Using Rogowski coils for transient current

... from the coil/integrator combination is given by eqn. 1. Using passive integration in conjunction with a ‘low-output’ coil it has been possible to measure current edges with a rise time of 0.5 ps. Passive integrators should be used at frequencies much greater than 117. If lower frequency components ...
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... A transformer is an electrical device used to change the value of an alternating voltage. Transformers are widely used in electrical work. They are encountered daily, in industrial, commercial and domestic situations. They vary in size from miniature units used in electronics to huge units used in p ...
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... 1/(2πRC). The phase angle of the resulting output signal at ƒc is +45o. Generally, the high pass filter is less distorting than its The cut-off frequency, corner frequency or -3dB point of a high pass filter can be found using the standard formula of: equivalent low pass filter due to the higher ope ...
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... activated depending on the position. The relays can be configured to activate when a position display reaches a specific value or within a specified range of zero. The ninth output relay indicates readiness. Select SWITCHING OUTPUTS from the INSTALLATION SETUP menu to open the SWITCHING OUTPUTS tabl ...
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Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
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