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repetitive current controller for grid
repetitive current controller for grid

... When the references Id∗ and Iq∗ are all equal to 0, the generated voltage should be equal to the grid voltage, i.e., the inverter should be synchronised with the grid and the circuit breaker could be closed at any time if needed. In order to achieve this, the grid voltages (uga , ugb and ugc ) are f ...
LTC3107 - Ultra-Low Voltage Energy Harvester and Primary Battery
LTC3107 - Ultra-Low Voltage Energy Harvester and Primary Battery

Regulators for High
Regulators for High

... split-bobbin design which is part of their Quick Pack series. The Magnetek is nearly 35dB down at 200kHz, with a -3dB point around 4kHz, while the Avel-Lindberg's -3dB point is well above 100kHz. I don't mean to single out Avel-Lindberg in this example; toroidal transformers from other sources have ...
Secondary-Side Controller with Current Share and Housekeeping ADM1041A
Secondary-Side Controller with Current Share and Housekeeping ADM1041A

... eliminate the need for manual calibration or adjustment on the secondary-side controller. The principle application of this IC is to provide voltage control, current share, and housekeeping functions for single output in N+1 server power supplies. ...
AD9501 Digitally Programmable Delay Generator
AD9501 Digitally Programmable Delay Generator

... Figure 2 shows differences in timing which occur if OFFSET ADJUST Pin 8 is grounded or open. The variable Ramp Generator delay is the major component of the three components which comprise Minimum Delay (tPD) and, therefore, is affected by the connection to Pin 8. ...
Temperature Measurement
Temperature Measurement

... junction. The grounded junction is recommended for the measurement of static or flowing corrosive gas and liquid temperatures and for high pressure applications. The junction of a grounded thermocouple is welded to the protective sheath giving faster response than the ungrounded junction type. Ungro ...
GE 80A GigaDLynx : Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules Preliminary Data Sheet
GE 80A GigaDLynx : Non-Isolated DC-DC Power Modules Preliminary Data Sheet

... The 80A Digital GigaDLynxTM power modules are non-isolated dc-dc converters that deliver up to 80A of output current. These modules operate over a wide range of input voltage (VIN =4.5Vdc - 14Vdc) and provide a precisely regulated output voltage from 0.6Vdc to 2Vdc, programmable via an external resi ...
Evaluates:  MAX9694 MAX9694 Evaluation Kit General Description Features
Evaluates: MAX9694 MAX9694 Evaluation Kit General Description Features

... OUT7, OUT8, and OUT14 provide 400mA of peak current. DAC outputs OUT2–OUT6 and OUT9–OUT13 provide 200mA of peak current. Please stay within the MAX9694 IC’s power rating. Refer to the MAX9694 IC data sheet for more information. ...
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E3ZM-V Datasheet - miel

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LME49740 数据资料 dataSheet 下载

... and other changes to its products and services at any time and to discontinue any product or service without notice. Customers should obtain the latest relevant information before placing orders and should verify that such information is current and complete. All products are sold subject to TI’s te ...
wiremaster™ coax bnc - Triplett Test Equipment
wiremaster™ coax bnc - Triplett Test Equipment

TROUBLESHOOTING
TROUBLESHOOTING

... initial limits from the circulating pump’s water input (1) to the water heater’s water input (1'). This is the area between 1 and 1' in Figure five. The first check selected was an AC heater voltage test (115 volts) made with a VOM. It was found that the 115 volts applied to the heating elements did ...
Understanding the Physics of Electrodynamic Shaker Performance
Understanding the Physics of Electrodynamic Shaker Performance

... the frequency range fD to fE. In fact, the approximation is only reasonable at a single frequency (approximately equal to fD) as illustrated by the velocity plot of Figure C. At that single frequency where the force-coincident component of velocity (red) is essentially equal to the total velocity (b ...
Chapter 1 - Principles of electrical science
Chapter 1 - Principles of electrical science

Rhea Owners Manual
Rhea Owners Manual

TLV431 Description Pin Assignments
TLV431 Description Pin Assignments

... In a conventional shunt regulator application (Figure 1), an external series resistor (R3) is connected between the supply voltage, VIN, and the TLV431. R3 determines the current that flows through the load (IL) and the TLV431 (IK). The TLV431 will adjust how much current it sinks or “shunts” to mai ...
Analog FAQ - Penn State School of Electrical Engineering and
Analog FAQ - Penn State School of Electrical Engineering and

... a conversion triggered at that time, the ADC may not be able to perform correctly. With one conversion triggered, the logic should return to its correct pre-conversion state—but cases exist where two conversion cycles are necessary before the ADC is certain to perform a valid conversion. Hence, a go ...
A high precision, low cost, single supply ADC for positive and
A high precision, low cost, single supply ADC for positive and

... Figure 3 shows the overall operation of the ADC. Initially the capacitor is in the reset state (M1- on and M2- off), the op-amp output Vout is at V1 and so, the output of both comparators, Comp1 and Comp2 is high. Capacitor charging can be started by switching M1 - off and M2 - on. When the charging ...
SEL-751 Feeder Protection Relay Data Sheet
SEL-751 Feeder Protection Relay Data Sheet

... SELOGIC® control equations. Also protect and control equipment with cable or line thermal elements that conform to the IEC 60255-149 standard and with vector shift elements that aid in islanding detection. Optional Directional Control. Use overcurrent elements with directional control to optimize ra ...
P82478
P82478

... The AMT Multitone Strobe Appliance are UL Listed under Standard 1971 for Emergency Appliances for the Hearing Impaired and UL Standard 464 for Audible Appliances. They are listed for indoor use only with the backboxes specified in these instructions (See Mounting Options). Models with LS and IS stro ...
BDTIC
BDTIC

... the values of RG1B and RG1T. The use of RG2B and RG2T together with DG1B and DG1T makes it possible to change the on-switching and the off-switching slopes of the IGBT independent to each other. Please make sure to select an appropriate Schottky diode with sufficient pulse current capability. The in ...
Relays General information
Relays General information

... According to the U.S.A.S.I. (United States of America Standards Institute) a relay can be defined as: An electrically controlled device that opens and closes an electrical contact to effect the operation of other devices in the same or another circuit. Relays are an important factor in today's indus ...
LTC2471/LTC2473 - Linear Technology
LTC2471/LTC2473 - Linear Technology

... time following a POR is 12ms (CCOMP = CREFOUT = 0.1μF). The first conversion following power-up will be invalid if the reference voltage has not completely settled (see Figure 3). The first conversion following power up can be discarded using the data abort command or simply read and ignored. Depend ...
CATALOGO DE DRIVER PAP GAC SERIES
CATALOGO DE DRIVER PAP GAC SERIES

... GAC series drives with all related options and accessories are suitable to drive two phases stepping motors with 4, 6 or 8 terminals and minimum phase-inductance of 1 mH. Their use for different purposes is not allowed. It is also not allowed the use in any condition not complying one or more specif ...
Current chopping in SF6
Current chopping in SF6

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Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
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