ch20_sol
... REASONING AND SOLUTION When the switch is initially closed, a current appears in the circuit, because charges flow through the heater wire, the bimetallic strip, the contact point, and the light bulb. The bulb glows in response. As charges flow through the heater wire, it becomes hot thereby heating ...
... REASONING AND SOLUTION When the switch is initially closed, a current appears in the circuit, because charges flow through the heater wire, the bimetallic strip, the contact point, and the light bulb. The bulb glows in response. As charges flow through the heater wire, it becomes hot thereby heating ...
Electrical Safety Testing Reference Guide
... current larger than 5 mA exists for more than a few milliseconds. These devices have saved countless people from being electrocuted in their own homes. The frequency in Hertz (Hz); i.e, cycles per second, of the electrical source is also a determining factor in the subsequent effect and/or reaction ...
... current larger than 5 mA exists for more than a few milliseconds. These devices have saved countless people from being electrocuted in their own homes. The frequency in Hertz (Hz); i.e, cycles per second, of the electrical source is also a determining factor in the subsequent effect and/or reaction ...
MAX1391/MAX1394 1.5V to 3.6V, 416ksps, 1-Channel True-Differential/ 2-Channel Single-Ended, 8-Bit, SAR ADCs
... The MAX1391/MAX1394 require an external reference V REF that has a wide range from 0.6V to V DD . The MAX1391 provides one true-differential analog input that accepts signals ranging from 0 to VREF (unipolar mode) or ±VREF/2 (bipolar mode). The MAX1394 provides two single-ended inputs that accept si ...
... The MAX1391/MAX1394 require an external reference V REF that has a wide range from 0.6V to V DD . The MAX1391 provides one true-differential analog input that accepts signals ranging from 0 to VREF (unipolar mode) or ±VREF/2 (bipolar mode). The MAX1394 provides two single-ended inputs that accept si ...
A 7GHZ 1MV-INPUT-RESOLUTION COMPARATOR WITH 40MV
... delay of the comparator when ΔVin = 50mV is 51ps. This delay increases to 67ps when ΔVin decreases to 2mV. Fig. 5 shows the simulated delay of the comparator versus differential input voltage under different conditions of input common-mode voltage Vcm at VDD = 1.2V. The delay of the comparator at ΔV ...
... delay of the comparator when ΔVin = 50mV is 51ps. This delay increases to 67ps when ΔVin decreases to 2mV. Fig. 5 shows the simulated delay of the comparator versus differential input voltage under different conditions of input common-mode voltage Vcm at VDD = 1.2V. The delay of the comparator at ΔV ...
DS3881 Single-Channel Automotive CCFL Controller General Description Features
... PSYNC low (0% duty cycle) disables the GA1 and GB1 outputs in DPWM receiver mode. Note 6: This is the maximum lamp frequency duty cycle that will be generated at GA1 or GB1 outputs with spread-spectrum modulation disabled. Note 7: I2C interface timing shown is for fast-mode (400kHz) operation. This ...
... PSYNC low (0% duty cycle) disables the GA1 and GB1 outputs in DPWM receiver mode. Note 6: This is the maximum lamp frequency duty cycle that will be generated at GA1 or GB1 outputs with spread-spectrum modulation disabled. Note 7: I2C interface timing shown is for fast-mode (400kHz) operation. This ...
30_InstructorSolutionsWin
... EXECUTE: (a) The induced emf points from b to a, in the direction of the current. Therefore, the current is decreasing and the induced emf is directed to oppose this decrease. (b) E L i / t , so i/t Vab /L (1.04 V) /(0.260 H) 4.00 A/s. In 2.00 s the decrease in i is 8.00 A and the curren ...
... EXECUTE: (a) The induced emf points from b to a, in the direction of the current. Therefore, the current is decreasing and the induced emf is directed to oppose this decrease. (b) E L i / t , so i/t Vab /L (1.04 V) /(0.260 H) 4.00 A/s. In 2.00 s the decrease in i is 8.00 A and the curren ...
Thermal Effects in Design of Integrated CMOS MEMS High
... and the package having a hole below the membrane for application of pressure . In many other reports glass frits or organic adhesives/polymers are used as sealing material between the sensor and the package which also have poor thermal conductivity [13]. The package in our analysis has been consider ...
... and the package having a hole below the membrane for application of pressure . In many other reports glass frits or organic adhesives/polymers are used as sealing material between the sensor and the package which also have poor thermal conductivity [13]. The package in our analysis has been consider ...
Analysis and Design of a Zero-Voltage-Switching and Zero
... In [10], it does not reduce the switching losses of the interleaved boost converter by the soft-switching techniques, but it decreases the voltage stresses of the switches by the doublevoltage technique with the help of the double-voltage capacitor. This topology has a characteristic that the operat ...
... In [10], it does not reduce the switching losses of the interleaved boost converter by the soft-switching techniques, but it decreases the voltage stresses of the switches by the doublevoltage technique with the help of the double-voltage capacitor. This topology has a characteristic that the operat ...
AN13 - High Speed Comparator Techniques
... outputs directly drive all TTL families, including the new higher speed ASTTL and FAST parts. Additionally, TTL outputs make the device easier to use in linear circuit applications where ECL output levels are often inconvenient. A substantial amount of design effort has made the LT1016 relatively ea ...
... outputs directly drive all TTL families, including the new higher speed ASTTL and FAST parts. Additionally, TTL outputs make the device easier to use in linear circuit applications where ECL output levels are often inconvenient. A substantial amount of design effort has made the LT1016 relatively ea ...
TSHF6210
... High reliability High radiant power High radiant intensity Angle of half intensity: ϕ = ± 10° Low forward voltage Suitable for high pulse current operation High modulation bandwidth: fc = 12 MHz Good spectral matching with Si photodetectors Compliant to RoHS Directive 2002/95/EC and in accordance to ...
... High reliability High radiant power High radiant intensity Angle of half intensity: ϕ = ± 10° Low forward voltage Suitable for high pulse current operation High modulation bandwidth: fc = 12 MHz Good spectral matching with Si photodetectors Compliant to RoHS Directive 2002/95/EC and in accordance to ...
Fluke Corporation Fluke 1507 Insulation Resistance Tester Manual
... and begins on the date of shipment. Parts, product repairs, and services are warranted for 90 days. This warranty extends only to the original buyer or end-user customer of a Fluke authorized reseller, and does not apply to fuses, disposable batteries, or to any product which, in Fluke's opinion, ha ...
... and begins on the date of shipment. Parts, product repairs, and services are warranted for 90 days. This warranty extends only to the original buyer or end-user customer of a Fluke authorized reseller, and does not apply to fuses, disposable batteries, or to any product which, in Fluke's opinion, ha ...
Real-time detection of single-electron tunneling using a quantum
... convertor closer to the sample, inside the refrigerator. The bandwidth would also increase as it is inversely proportional to CL. Much more significant reductions in the instrumentation noise could be realized by embedding the QPC in a resonant electrical circuit and measuring the damping of the res ...
... convertor closer to the sample, inside the refrigerator. The bandwidth would also increase as it is inversely proportional to CL. Much more significant reductions in the instrumentation noise could be realized by embedding the QPC in a resonant electrical circuit and measuring the damping of the res ...
2. File handling with the SpiceGUI toolbar
... 3.2 Contact levels ................................................................................................................... 5 3.3 Contact points ................................................................................................................... 6 ...
... 3.2 Contact levels ................................................................................................................... 5 3.3 Contact points ................................................................................................................... 6 ...
Hickok 539C Calibration V4.1
... transconductance) tube tester. Except as noted, all of the readings are taken with a 1000 ohms per volt meter. If an accurate 1000 ohms per volt meter is not available a modern high impedance analog or digital voltmeter can be used with appropriate shunt resistors in parallel with the input to simul ...
... transconductance) tube tester. Except as noted, all of the readings are taken with a 1000 ohms per volt meter. If an accurate 1000 ohms per volt meter is not available a modern high impedance analog or digital voltmeter can be used with appropriate shunt resistors in parallel with the input to simul ...
514 - NDIR analyzer - Teledyne Analytical Instruments
... The energy source for the analyzer is provided by a high intensity quartz iodine lamp located in the source module. Quartz iodine was chosen because it produces sufficient NIR to operate the system and maintains a nearly constant brightness over its lifetime. (See Figures 2-1 and 2-2). This energy i ...
... The energy source for the analyzer is provided by a high intensity quartz iodine lamp located in the source module. Quartz iodine was chosen because it produces sufficient NIR to operate the system and maintains a nearly constant brightness over its lifetime. (See Figures 2-1 and 2-2). This energy i ...
Resistive opto-isolator
Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.