• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
Describe an atom. What is it made up of?
Describe an atom. What is it made up of?

... Ohm’s Law ...
Prezentacja programu PowerPoint
Prezentacja programu PowerPoint

... range. Thermal detectors are used generally in MIR and far infrared (FIR) spectral ranges, where their efficiencies at room temp. are higher than these for quantum detectors. ...
Discussion 5A - EECS: www
Discussion 5A - EECS: www

... (a) Translate the above circuit into a directed graph, this time follow convention and label currents as going in through the + terminal and out through the - terminal. Write the incidence matrix for the graph. Ignore the current source for now. (b) Let ~v be the vector of node potentials. How many ...
capacitively coupling, single supply, current sources
capacitively coupling, single supply, current sources

LM7812
LM7812

... the CDIL Web Site/CD are believed to be accurate and reliable. CDIL however, does not assume responsibility for inaccuracies or incomplete information. Furthermore, CDIL does not assume liability whatsoever, arising out of the application or use of any CDIL product; neither does it convey any licens ...
hw05_solutions
hw05_solutions

... Slight differences will be obtained in the final answer depending on the branch used, due to rounding. For example, using the bottom branch, we get the following. Vad  Vd  Va  E1  I 2  21   80 V   2.58 A  21   25.8 V (b) For the 80-V battery, the terminal voltage is the potential dif ...
Frequency to Voltage Converter
Frequency to Voltage Converter

... emitter output is connected to the inverting input of the op amp so that pin 5 will follow pins 3 and 4 and provide a low impedance output voltage proportional to input frequency. The output signal from pins 5 and 10 is 67 Hz/V. This output voltage should be sent to an ADC, and then read by the DSP. ...
Regulated power supply
Regulated power supply

Direct Current Circuits - GTU e
Direct Current Circuits - GTU e

... If R is much greater than r, than most of the power from the emf is transferred to the load resistance ...
The auto standby circuit is built around the LM324 quad operational
The auto standby circuit is built around the LM324 quad operational

NCV8502DEMO/D Demonstration Note for NCV8502 Adding Additional Current Capability
NCV8502DEMO/D Demonstration Note for NCV8502 Adding Additional Current Capability

... the parts output voltage using a discrete resistor feedback divider. In this demonstration board, a potentiometer has been added to display the parts’ output availability in fixed output voltages from 2.5 V to 10 V. The capability of the output voltage has an absolute maximum voltage of 20 V on the ...
solutions
solutions

... What is the phase difference between the voltages across L and C in a series LCR-circuit connected to an a.c. source? Given a current in series LC, voltage in L leads current by 900 phase and voltage in C lags behind current by 900 phase. So voltages in L and C differ by a phase of 1800 ...
Sunmodule off-grid 100 poly RGP solar panel data sheet | SW
Sunmodule off-grid 100 poly RGP solar panel data sheet | SW

specification
specification

... MH254 Hall-effect sensor is a temperature stable, stress-resistant, Low Tolerance of Sensitivity micro-power switch. Superior high-temperature performance is made possible through a dynamic offset cancellation that utilizes chopper-stabilization. This method reduces the offset voltage normally cause ...
Topic 3 Powerpoint Slides
Topic 3 Powerpoint Slides

... • Resistance is a property of a substance that hinders motion of electric charge and converts electric energy into other forms of energy. • If current is described as the movement of electrons through conductors, and voltage is what makes the electrons move, then resistance is what opposes the motio ...
Worksheet for Exploration 31.5
Worksheet for Exploration 31.5

... Worksheet for Exploration 31.5: RL Circuits and Phasors Assume an ideal power supply. The graph shows the voltage as a function of time across the source (red), the resistor (blue), and the inductor (green) (voltage is given in volts and time is given in seconds). Restart. To analyze the currents an ...
IEEE 519 Tables Regarding Voltage and Harmonic Distortion Limits
IEEE 519 Tables Regarding Voltage and Harmonic Distortion Limits

Resistance Resistivity and Conductivity
Resistance Resistivity and Conductivity

PROVA SCRITTA DI AZIONAMENTI ELETTRICI L
PROVA SCRITTA DI AZIONAMENTI ELETTRICI L

... (F) the efficiency of the machine is maximum (T) a smaller inverter can be used (once the machine is given) (T) the maximum torque can be obtained (once the inverter is given and the current is sufficient). 5) In an IPM machine, the field weakening operation is obtained (T) if Id < 0 (F) if Id > 0 ( ...
dc_circuits_examples
dc_circuits_examples

Name: Assigned on March 8, 2017 Electricity and Circuits Review
Name: Assigned on March 8, 2017 Electricity and Circuits Review

... a. The current through point X will be greater than that through point Z. b. The current through point Z will be greater than that through point Y. c. The current will be the same through points X, Y and Z. d. The current through point X will be greater than that through point Y. e. The current thro ...
Lecture 10 Monday February 9
Lecture 10 Monday February 9

... The resistivity of the body is a good measure of its overall composition. A measure of the resistance of the upper arm is a good way to estimate the percent fat in a person’s body. Let’s model a person’s upper arm as a cylinder of diameter 8.0 cm and length 20 cm. We can model the composition of the ...
Features spectrasymbol.com (888) 795-2283 Rev A
Features spectrasymbol.com (888) 795-2283 Rev A

... Following are notes from the ITP Flex Sensor Workshop "The impedance buffer in the [Basic Flex Sensor Circuit] (above) is a single sided operational amplifier, used with these sensors because the low bias current of the op amp reduces errer due to source impedance of the flex sensor as voltage divid ...
Name Symbol Units
Name Symbol Units

Self-Calibration and Digital Trimming of Successive Approximation
Self-Calibration and Digital Trimming of Successive Approximation

... Several state of the art, monitoring and control systems, such as DC motor controllers, power line monitoring and protection systems, instrumentation systems and battery monitors require direct digitization of a high voltage input signals. Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADCs) that can digitize high v ...
< 1 ... 2120 2121 2122 2123 2124 2125 2126 2127 2128 ... 2207 >

Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report