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AD827
AD827

... Current limiting in the AD827 (typically 30 mA) limits the output voltage in this application to about 3 V p-p across a 100 load. Driving a 50 reverse-terminated load divides this value by two, limiting the maximum signal delivered to a 50 load to about 1.5 V p-p, which suffices for video signal lev ...
Serway_PSE_quick_ch32
Serway_PSE_quick_ch32

1.2.4 Output Voltage Ripple
1.2.4 Output Voltage Ripple

... converter is needed. A dc-dc converter directly converts a dc voltage of one level to another. It can be used to step-down (buck), or step-up (boost) a dc voltage source. Higher switching frequency would reduce the size of the filter used. ...
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problems

DC Analysis
DC Analysis

... Model 3 V and rf ...
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Solution

Balanced Line Driver SSM2142
Balanced Line Driver SSM2142

... The SSM2142 is an integrated differential-output buffer amplifier that converts a single-ended input signal to a balanced output signal pair with high output drive. By utilizing low noise thermally matched thin film resistors and high slew rate amplifiers, the SSM2142 helps maintain the sonic qualit ...
DM74LS38 Quad 2-Input NAND Buffer with Open
DM74LS38 Quad 2-Input NAND Buffer with Open

ATP-Y/Analog Input to Pulse (Relay)
ATP-Y/Analog Input to Pulse (Relay)

HW02
HW02

... of the graph. Vs is input and Vo is output. 1) How many energy storing elements are there? 2) Find the dependent relationships among the inductor currents and capacitor voltage. 3) Determine the minimum number of independent state variables needed. 4) Use these state variables to derive a state apac ...
Fundamentals of Electric Circuits
Fundamentals of Electric Circuits

... 2.4 Series Resistors and Voltage Division (1) • Series: Two or more elements are in series if they are cascaded or connected sequentially and consequently carry the same current. • The equivalent resistance of any number of resistors connected in a series is the sum of the ...
Coupling Capacitors (Updated 5-15
Coupling Capacitors (Updated 5-15

... of the printed circuit board which has a characteristic impedance. The value of R is picked to match this impedance, and it will usually be somewhere near 50 ohms, which is assumed here. This leaves us with the value of C which can be chosen to minimize signal degradation for an expected operational ...
Starter Service
Starter Service

... BATTERY CABLES AND WIRING IGNITION SWITCH NEUTRAL SAFETY SWITCH STARTER RELAY/SOLENOID STARTER MOTOR ...
Ammon Final Project Good
Ammon Final Project Good

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The transistor
The transistor

... always lie between 1 and 2 volts centred on 1.5 V. The output voltage would be centred on 5 V and varying between 0 and 10 V. Any input voltage below 1 volt would always yield a 0 V output and any input voltage above 2 V would always yield a 10 V output. Under these circumstances the output voltage ...
Current
Current

... Ohm’s Law: Ohm's Law …says that, for many materials under a wide range of conditions, the voltage, V, and current, I, are linearly related, which implies resistance, R, is independent of V and I. When does it not apply? •Circuit elements that change temperature •Examples? •Circuit elements with lar ...
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Amplifiers

Answers to Electricity Questions
Answers to Electricity Questions

Interfacing Type K Thermocouples to the Chickadee XL
Interfacing Type K Thermocouples to the Chickadee XL

... This application note describes how to interface a type K thermocouple to the Chickadee XL SBC. There are other techniques for interfacing thermocouples, but the emphasis here is on medium accuracy, low complexity, and low cost. This TC application covers a temperature range of 0 to 800 °C. The Chal ...
Electricity and magnetism
Electricity and magnetism

... • The body itself is very conductive (approximately salt water), typical resistance between appendages is ~ 500 ohms. • The danger here is that usually we are protected with our dry skin which can get one accustomed to taking electrical risks. All it takes is for the skin to be dirty, sweaty, or dam ...
Controlling a Variable Voltage Power Supply Using the
Controlling a Variable Voltage Power Supply Using the

training power point
training power point

... Solar PV systems have to increase the supplied voltage to enable them to export their generated electricity back onto the National Grid, inevitably the voltage into your property will also increase. Installing a voltage optimiser alongside your PV system prevents this precious generated energy from ...
ECP 11-0224a Automatic Voltage Control Test Form
ECP 11-0224a Automatic Voltage Control Test Form

6501 is a multi-channel DC voltage current source/monitor
6501 is a multi-channel DC voltage current source/monitor

Slide 1
Slide 1

... Average power can be controlled  Average flows can also be controlled by fully opening and closing a valve with some duty cycle ...
< 1 ... 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 ... 2207 >

Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
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