• Study Resource
  • Explore Categories
    • Arts & Humanities
    • Business
    • Engineering & Technology
    • Foreign Language
    • History
    • Math
    • Science
    • Social Science

    Top subcategories

    • Advanced Math
    • Algebra
    • Basic Math
    • Calculus
    • Geometry
    • Linear Algebra
    • Pre-Algebra
    • Pre-Calculus
    • Statistics And Probability
    • Trigonometry
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Astronomy
    • Astrophysics
    • Biology
    • Chemistry
    • Earth Science
    • Environmental Science
    • Health Science
    • Physics
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Anthropology
    • Law
    • Political Science
    • Psychology
    • Sociology
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Accounting
    • Economics
    • Finance
    • Management
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Aerospace Engineering
    • Bioengineering
    • Chemical Engineering
    • Civil Engineering
    • Computer Science
    • Electrical Engineering
    • Industrial Engineering
    • Mechanical Engineering
    • Web Design
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Architecture
    • Communications
    • English
    • Gender Studies
    • Music
    • Performing Arts
    • Philosophy
    • Religious Studies
    • Writing
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Ancient History
    • European History
    • US History
    • World History
    • other →

    Top subcategories

    • Croatian
    • Czech
    • Finnish
    • Greek
    • Hindi
    • Japanese
    • Korean
    • Persian
    • Swedish
    • Turkish
    • other →
 
Profile Documents Logout
Upload
SPSCS_7-1c_CapSelect_MeetingRippleRequirements
SPSCS_7-1c_CapSelect_MeetingRippleRequirements

... – To keep the steady-state peak-to-peak output voltage ripple below the maximum allowed value ∆Vopp – To keep the output voltage waveform within the required regulation window [Vo ± ∆Vo_reg] during the overshoot and undershoot caused by output current transients ...
1. Introduction
1. Introduction

Chapter 8
Chapter 8

1. To recognize a series circuit, to distinguish it from a parallel circuit
1. To recognize a series circuit, to distinguish it from a parallel circuit

... wires, batteries, resistors, bulbs, and switches to construct a model of a DC circuit. They can take measurements with the virtual ammeter and voltmeter. The circuit can be built in series, parallel, or more complex configurations. Right click, change the resistance, and watch the effects on the lig ...
DELTA-SIGMA MODULATION IN SINGLE NEURONS Mats Høvin
DELTA-SIGMA MODULATION IN SINGLE NEURONS Mats Høvin

MX856/MX857
MX856/MX857

... IXYS Integrated Circuits Division makes no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this publication and reserves the right to make changes to specifications and product descriptions at any time without notice. Neither circuit patent licenses nor ...
Stability and accuracy of active shielding for grounded capacitive sensors Ferran Reverter
Stability and accuracy of active shielding for grounded capacitive sensors Ferran Reverter

... when the parasitic components of the interconnection cable are taken into account. The capacitor Cp represents the capacitance between the inner conductor and the shield of the coaxial cable, Lp is the inductance of the current loop between the circuit and Cx, and Rp is the resistance of the interco ...
DATASHEET SEARCH SITE | WWW.ALLDATASHEET.COM
DATASHEET SEARCH SITE | WWW.ALLDATASHEET.COM

... a. Refer to PROCESS OPTION FLOWCHART. b. Room = 25 °C, Full = as determined by the operating temperature suffix. c. Typical values are for DESIGN AID ONLY, not guaranteed nor subject to production testing. d. The algebraic convention whereby the most negative value is a minimum and the most positive ...
TPS56x219 4.5 V to 17 V Input, 2-A, 3-A
TPS56x219 4.5 V to 17 V Input, 2-A, 3-A

motwane dm-6k1 digital multimeter
motwane dm-6k1 digital multimeter

Electronics Merit Badge
Electronics Merit Badge

... Circuit Breaker / Fuses Electricity from the transformer connect first through the electric meter then through the breaker box to protect the house from overload or short conditions. A breaker box can either be a fuse or resettable breaker. The breaker box routes either 240 VAC or 120 VAC electrici ...
Electrostatic actuators: from the GEO experience to the 2nd
Electrostatic actuators: from the GEO experience to the 2nd

... full linear force range for acquisition. Drawback: sqrt circuits are noisy (1µV/sqrt(Hz) =100µV @HV) Bypassing sqrt circuits after lock is acquired. ...
Conventions for Energy and Sequence Components
Conventions for Energy and Sequence Components

... IC), and results are determined for current, phase angle, harmonics, flicker, etc., although this value is not used for energy calculations. Also in this mode, the phase-tophase voltage VAC is determined by subtraction: VAC = VAB - VCB, and measurements made on this as well. These values are accurat ...
AN2454
AN2454

... terminated during the switching cycle. If this happens for several pulses, the feedback loop increases the error signal and produces a higher energy that is transferred to the secondary side. As a result, a higher output pulse is generated and again prematurely ended. Another disadvantage of a filte ...
OPA353 OPA2353 OPA4353 High-Speed, Single-Supply, Rail-to-Rail
OPA353 OPA2353 OPA4353 High-Speed, Single-Supply, Rail-to-Rail

... OPA353 series rail-to-rail CMOS operational amplifiers are designed for low cost, miniature applications. They are optimized for low voltage, single-supply operation. Rail-to-rail input/output, low noise (5nV/√Hz), and high speed operation (44MHz, 22V/µs) make them ideal for driving sampling analog- ...
STUDENT COPY Capacitor Student Copy
STUDENT COPY Capacitor Student Copy

... Time is measured automatically. Observe the shape of the graph as it is drawn. 13. If measuring manually, you have probably found this extremely difficult to measure. Try estimating the time constant instead—that is, the time it took for the capacitor to become about two-thirds charged. To do this, ...
Improved Interline Unified Power-Quality Conditioner with
Improved Interline Unified Power-Quality Conditioner with

Supplementary information
Supplementary information

... unless otherwise noted, we assume bipolar rectangular drive signals, which vary between voltage levels of -U0/2 and +U0/2, Figs. S4(b) and (c). It has been shown in Ref. 12 that the drive circuit can be designed to operate the device at any DC bias without additional power dissipation. Hence, the re ...
FSQ500N Green Mode Fairchild Power Switch (FPS™) FSQ500N — Green M
FSQ500N Green Mode Fairchild Power Switch (FPS™) FSQ500N — Green M

... 3.1 Overload Protection (OLP): Overload is defined as the load current exceeding its normal level due to an unexpected abnormal event. In this situation, the protection circuit should trigger to protect the SMPS. However, even when the SMPS is in the normal operation, the overload protection circuit ...
Harmonic filters for high voltage - El
Harmonic filters for high voltage - El

... Harmonic filters represent the optimum solution to distortion problems. Consisting of capacitors, reactors and resistors, filter circuits provide a low impedance for harmonics. Distortion is reduced to the required levels. Single-tuned, double-tuned and high-pass filters are all available. At the fu ...
Lab 5 Handout
Lab 5 Handout

... (a) With respect to resistor tolerance, are the results of the measurements within tolerance to calculated values using specified component values? (b) Explain reasons for any discrepancies between calculated and measured results. (c) How useful are these theorems and operations? Can you think of an ...
Type DTH 31, 32 DTTM 11, 12 High Speed Biased Differential Relays
Type DTH 31, 32 DTTM 11, 12 High Speed Biased Differential Relays

... circuit to clear heavy internal faults in about one cycle. Type DTH 31/DTTM 11 is applicable for two-winding transformers and type DTH 32/DTTM 12 for three winding transformers. Extremely low burdens are achieved by the use of input devices which convert current to voltage (transactors). Static circ ...
STP 3 & 4 2.12  Station Electrical Systems
STP 3 & 4 2.12 Station Electrical Systems

... EPD System interrupting devices (circuit breakers and fuses) are coordinated to the maximum extent possible, so that the circuit interrupter closest to the fault opens before other devices. For instances where coordination cannot be practically achieved, analysis will justify the lack of coordinatio ...
Analog Pulse Width Modulation
Analog Pulse Width Modulation

... The op amp is configured as an integrator in the triangle wave circuit. In this configuration, the input bias current of the op amp can contribute error to the triangle wave shape by delivering or removing extra charge from the integration capacitor C3. For this reason, a FET type op amp is recommen ...
Aalborg Universitet and Harmonics in Microgrids
Aalborg Universitet and Harmonics in Microgrids

< 1 ... 1203 1204 1205 1206 1207 1208 1209 1210 1211 ... 2207 >

Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
  • studyres.com © 2026
  • DMCA
  • Privacy
  • Terms
  • Report