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Application Note AN-9052 Design Guide for Selection of Bootstrap Components www.fairchildsemi.com
Application Note AN-9052 Design Guide for Selection of Bootstrap Components www.fairchildsemi.com

... switch that needs to be considered also. All of the overcharging affect mentioned above needs to be taken into account in determining the size of Cbs. Adding resistors Rbs, Rvs, and using a diode with a low Vfp value are other possible solutions to limit the overcharge effect on Cbs. Let us now look ...
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... In theory, an infinite amount of time is required for a capacitor to fully charge up through a resistance. Clearly, this is too long to wait in a real circuit, so the charging time will be defined as the time it takes for the capacitor to charge up another 90%. Assuming the effective resistance of a ...
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... integral nonlinearity contribution in both the ADC and the DAC. In this particular example, the DAC has more significant nonlinearity and offset error than the ADC. If higher linearity and offset performance are required, a 16-bit multiplying DAC, such as the LTC1595 could be used, because the 14-bi ...
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Resistive opto-isolator



Resistive opto-isolator (RO), also called photoresistive opto-isolator, vactrol (after a genericized trademark introduced by Vactec, Inc. in the 1960s), analog opto-isolator or lamp-coupled photocell, is an optoelectronic device consisting of a source and detector of light, which are optically coupled and electrically isolated from each other. The light source is usually a light-emitting diode (LED), a miniature incandescent lamp, or sometimes a neon lamp, whereas the detector is a semiconductor-based photoresistor made of cadmium selenide (CdSe) or cadmium sulfide (CdS). The source and detector are coupled through a transparent glue or through the air.Electrically, RO is a resistance controlled by the current flowing through the light source. In the dark state, the resistance typically exceeds a few MOhm; when illuminated, it decreases as the inverse of the light intensity. In contrast to the photodiode and phototransistor, the photoresistor can operate in both the AC and DC circuits and have a voltage of several hundred volts across it. The harmonic distortions of the output current by the RO are typically within 0.1% at voltages below 0.5 V.RO is the first and the slowest opto-isolator: its switching time exceeds 1 ms, and for the lamp-based models can reach hundreds of milliseconds. Parasitic capacitance limits the frequency range of the photoresistor by ultrasonic frequencies. Cadmium-based photoresistors exhibit a ""memory effect"": their resistance depends on the illumination history; it also drifts during the illumination and stabilizes within hours, or even weeks for high-sensitivity models. Heating induces irreversible degradation of ROs, whereas cooling to below −25 °C dramatically increases the response time. Therefore, ROs were mostly replaced in the 1970s by the faster and more stable photodiodes and photoresistors. ROs are still used in some sound equipment, guitar amplifiers and analog synthesizers owing to their good electrical isolation, low signal distortion and ease of circuit design.
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