Genetic variability
... manifestation (clinical) is not specific but the same syndrom can develop as a consequence of various loci (= locus heterogeneity) in which there could be several variants (= ...
... manifestation (clinical) is not specific but the same syndrom can develop as a consequence of various loci (= locus heterogeneity) in which there could be several variants (= ...
Genetics
... Preformation: a theory first put forward in the 17th century (1600's). Stating that sex cells contain a complete miniature adult called a homunculus This theory was popular well into the 18th century (1700's).Later scientific discoveries by Casper Wolff (1733-1794) and others clearly disproved thi ...
... Preformation: a theory first put forward in the 17th century (1600's). Stating that sex cells contain a complete miniature adult called a homunculus This theory was popular well into the 18th century (1700's).Later scientific discoveries by Casper Wolff (1733-1794) and others clearly disproved thi ...
File
... Proteins that help maintain the chromosome structure and control the activity of its genes ...
... Proteins that help maintain the chromosome structure and control the activity of its genes ...
ANSWERS on Inheritance File
... male has only one type / same chromosome so all / most sperm X chromosomes are concentrated at one point / there / no separation; ...
... male has only one type / same chromosome so all / most sperm X chromosomes are concentrated at one point / there / no separation; ...
Online Onion Root Tips
... 4. What does the DNA do during interphase? The DNA duplicates. 5. What marks the beginning of metaphase? Spindle fibers aligning the chromosomes in the middle of the cell. 6. What moves the chromosomes? The spindle fibers. 7. How many copies of each chromosome does each new nucleus receive? One copy ...
... 4. What does the DNA do during interphase? The DNA duplicates. 5. What marks the beginning of metaphase? Spindle fibers aligning the chromosomes in the middle of the cell. 6. What moves the chromosomes? The spindle fibers. 7. How many copies of each chromosome does each new nucleus receive? One copy ...
Genetic determination of diseases
... haplotype – linear combination of alleles in a single ch. of homologous pair phenotype – expression of genotype ...
... haplotype – linear combination of alleles in a single ch. of homologous pair phenotype – expression of genotype ...
Mutations
... produce a new type of protein. This is most likely due to an alteration of the (1) structure of the cell membrane (2) sequence of bases in a section of a chromosome (3) chemical makeup of the cytoplasm (4) shape of the antibodies produced ...
... produce a new type of protein. This is most likely due to an alteration of the (1) structure of the cell membrane (2) sequence of bases in a section of a chromosome (3) chemical makeup of the cytoplasm (4) shape of the antibodies produced ...
Year 10 Revision
... CELL DIVISION understand the difference between the two types and why they occur. ...
... CELL DIVISION understand the difference between the two types and why they occur. ...
Chapter 10!
... combinations. The way and organism looks and behaves is called its phenotype. The phenotype of a tall plant is tall, whether it is TT or Tt. The allele combination an organism contains is known as its genotype. The genotype of a plant that has two tall genes is TT. An organism is homozygous for a tr ...
... combinations. The way and organism looks and behaves is called its phenotype. The phenotype of a tall plant is tall, whether it is TT or Tt. The allele combination an organism contains is known as its genotype. The genotype of a plant that has two tall genes is TT. An organism is homozygous for a tr ...
Mendel`s Laws of heredity
... One from each parent 2n = 2(23) = 46 Humans (except for gametes) Some plants and animals ...
... One from each parent 2n = 2(23) = 46 Humans (except for gametes) Some plants and animals ...
Snurfle Meiosis Name: Date: Click on Snurfle Meiosis App Click on
... The 2 new cells that are formed from Meiosis I are because they contain half of the chromosome of the original cell that started meiosis. At the start of Meiosis I you had 1 cell. Meiosis II must take place because each of our new cells still has too much ...
... The 2 new cells that are formed from Meiosis I are because they contain half of the chromosome of the original cell that started meiosis. At the start of Meiosis I you had 1 cell. Meiosis II must take place because each of our new cells still has too much ...
Meiosis Worksheet - Fall River Public Schools
... A. Division of the cell nucleus, results in two daughter nuclei, each have the same number of chromosomes as the parent nucleus. B. One two identical halves of a duplicated chromosome C. Clusters of microtubules radiating out from the poles in dividing cells. They are present in animal cells, but n ...
... A. Division of the cell nucleus, results in two daughter nuclei, each have the same number of chromosomes as the parent nucleus. B. One two identical halves of a duplicated chromosome C. Clusters of microtubules radiating out from the poles in dividing cells. They are present in animal cells, but n ...
Sample question
... B. by reducing the total number of copies of the plant’s genetic material C. by changing the spiral shape of the plant’s DNA molecules to wheels or horseshoes D. by adding extra deoxyribose molecules to each strand of the plant’s genetic material ...
... B. by reducing the total number of copies of the plant’s genetic material C. by changing the spiral shape of the plant’s DNA molecules to wheels or horseshoes D. by adding extra deoxyribose molecules to each strand of the plant’s genetic material ...
Chapter 12 Chromosomal Patterns of Inheritance
... the sex chromosomes. This pair determines the sex of the new individual. The father can contribute an X chromosome or a Y chromosome to his offspring, while the mother can only contribute an X chromosome. Therefore, the sex of the offspring is determined by the genetic contribution of the father. Th ...
... the sex chromosomes. This pair determines the sex of the new individual. The father can contribute an X chromosome or a Y chromosome to his offspring, while the mother can only contribute an X chromosome. Therefore, the sex of the offspring is determined by the genetic contribution of the father. Th ...
Mitosis Meiosis
... 9. Mitosis has only _____ division step, while meiosis has _____ divisions. 10. The result of mitosis is _____ cells each with genetic material _____ to the parent cell. Meiosis results in _____ gametes, each with only _____ the genetic material of the original cell. ...
... 9. Mitosis has only _____ division step, while meiosis has _____ divisions. 10. The result of mitosis is _____ cells each with genetic material _____ to the parent cell. Meiosis results in _____ gametes, each with only _____ the genetic material of the original cell. ...
Chapter 4 study game
... that have a certain trait b. Picture of chromosomes c. Geneticist studying traits ...
... that have a certain trait b. Picture of chromosomes c. Geneticist studying traits ...
chromosomes
... Autosomes are the same in males & females Sex chromosomes are: - XX in females - XY in males ...
... Autosomes are the same in males & females Sex chromosomes are: - XX in females - XY in males ...
Meiosis - begism
... An organism must inherit a single copy of every gene from both its “parents” When and organism produces its own cells to pass to offspring, there are 2 sets that must separate from each other so that each cell contains just 1 set of genes ...
... An organism must inherit a single copy of every gene from both its “parents” When and organism produces its own cells to pass to offspring, there are 2 sets that must separate from each other so that each cell contains just 1 set of genes ...
Ch. 14 - FLASHES BIOLOGY
... Patient B - click on the link to go to Patient B and repeat the above process. 6. What is Patient B's history (summarize) _______________________________________________ 7. How many total chromosomes are in your karyotype - count them _________ a. What sex chromosomes does your patient have ________ ...
... Patient B - click on the link to go to Patient B and repeat the above process. 6. What is Patient B's history (summarize) _______________________________________________ 7. How many total chromosomes are in your karyotype - count them _________ a. What sex chromosomes does your patient have ________ ...
ib biology………………
... TERMS TO KNOW: Pathogenic — disease causing organism. Lytic cycle - reproductive cycle of virus. Virus attaches to host cell, injects its hereditary material into the host cell, host cell reproduces new virus particles and host cell bursts releasing new virus particles. Nucleotide - monomer of DNA a ...
... TERMS TO KNOW: Pathogenic — disease causing organism. Lytic cycle - reproductive cycle of virus. Virus attaches to host cell, injects its hereditary material into the host cell, host cell reproduces new virus particles and host cell bursts releasing new virus particles. Nucleotide - monomer of DNA a ...
Fall 2014
... 35. One story that has recently been in the news is about a woman who was born without a uterus and therefore had a donated uterus transplanted into her own body. Doctors extracted an egg from her ovary, fertilized it with her husband’s sperm in the laboratory, then implanted the resulting embryo in ...
... 35. One story that has recently been in the news is about a woman who was born without a uterus and therefore had a donated uterus transplanted into her own body. Doctors extracted an egg from her ovary, fertilized it with her husband’s sperm in the laboratory, then implanted the resulting embryo in ...
2b Unit 5 Cell cycle notes
... Cell division. o This creates two “_______________________” cells o DNA is ____________________________ before division to insure that each daughter cell gets one complete set of genetic information o Problem of DNA overload and nutrient/waste exchange is solved. ...
... Cell division. o This creates two “_______________________” cells o DNA is ____________________________ before division to insure that each daughter cell gets one complete set of genetic information o Problem of DNA overload and nutrient/waste exchange is solved. ...
Chromosome
A chromosome (chromo- + -some) is a packaged and organized structure containing most of the DNA of a living organism. It is not usually found on its own, but rather is complexed with many structural proteins called histones as well as associated transcription (copying of genetic sequences) factors and several other macromolecules. Two ""sister"" chromatids (half a chromosome) join together at a protein junction called a centromere. Chromosomes are normally visible under a light microscope only when the cell is undergoing mitosis. Even then, the full chromosome containing both joined sister chromatids becomes visible only during a sequence of mitosis known as metaphase (when chromosomes align together, attached to the mitotic spindle and prepare to divide). This DNA and its associated proteins and macromolecules is collectively known as chromatin, which is further packaged along with its associated molecules into a discrete structure called a nucleosome. Chromatin is present in most cells, with a few exceptions - erythrocytes for example. Occurring only in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, chromatin composes the vast majority of all DNA, except for a small amount inherited maternally which is found in mitochondria. In prokaryotic cells, chromatin occurs free-floating in cytoplasm, as these cells lack organelles and a defined nucleus. The main information-carrying macromolecule is a single piece of coiled double-stranded DNA, containing many genes, regulatory elements and other noncoding DNA. The DNA-bound macromolecules are proteins, which serve to package the DNA and control its functions. Chromosomes vary widely between different organisms. Some species such as certain bacteria also contain plasmids or other extrachromosomal DNA. These are circular structures in the cytoplasm which contain cellular DNA and play a role in horizontal gene transfer.Compaction of the duplicated chromosomes during cell division (mitosis or meiosis) results either in a four-arm structure (pictured to the right) if the centromere is located in the middle of the chromosome or a two-arm structure if the centromere is located near one of the ends. Chromosomal recombination during meiosis and subsequent sexual reproduction plays a vital role in genetic diversity. If these structures are manipulated incorrectly, through processes known as chromosomal instability and translocation, the cell may undergo mitotic catastrophe and die, or it may unexpectedly evade apoptosis leading to the progression of cancer.In prokaryotes (see nucleoids) and viruses, the DNA is often densely packed and organized. In the case of archaea by homologs to eukaryotic histones, in the case of bacteria by histone-like proteins. Small circular genomes called plasmids are often found in bacteria and also in mitochondria and chloroplasts, reflecting their bacterial origins.