Topic 10: Genetics (HL)
... 10.2.2 Distinguish between autosomes and sex chromosomes 10.2.3 Explain how crossing over between non-sister chromatids of a homologous pair in prophase I can result in an exchange of the alleles ...
... 10.2.2 Distinguish between autosomes and sex chromosomes 10.2.3 Explain how crossing over between non-sister chromatids of a homologous pair in prophase I can result in an exchange of the alleles ...
Karyotypes and Sex linked
... Some traits are carried on the sex chromosomes. Genes on the X or Y chromosomes are sex-linked genes. These traits are passes on from parent to child. Sex- linked genes can be recessive or dominant. MALES are more likely to have a sex-linked trait because they only have ONE X and Y. The allele i ...
... Some traits are carried on the sex chromosomes. Genes on the X or Y chromosomes are sex-linked genes. These traits are passes on from parent to child. Sex- linked genes can be recessive or dominant. MALES are more likely to have a sex-linked trait because they only have ONE X and Y. The allele i ...
Lesson Overview
... • Among females, however, colorblindness affects only about 1 in 200. • Why?? ...
... • Among females, however, colorblindness affects only about 1 in 200. • Why?? ...
Chromosomal mutations
... chromosomes in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell – Each organism have a specific karyotype ...
... chromosomes in the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell – Each organism have a specific karyotype ...
chapter12_Meiosis and Sexual Reproduction(1
... To play movie you must be in Slide Show Mode PC Users: Please wait for content to load, then click to play Mac Users: CLICK HERE ...
... To play movie you must be in Slide Show Mode PC Users: Please wait for content to load, then click to play Mac Users: CLICK HERE ...
Final Exam Study Guide Ms. Thomas Spring 2011
... 11. Describe the function of the three types of ground tissue in plants. ...
... 11. Describe the function of the three types of ground tissue in plants. ...
ch 2
... many separated twins share a portion of their lives together (early &/or late) Identical twins are more likely to be dressed alike and may be treated alike in other ways ...
... many separated twins share a portion of their lives together (early &/or late) Identical twins are more likely to be dressed alike and may be treated alike in other ways ...
DNA
... controlling traits that are passed to an offspring • Replication – creation of new exact copies of DNA to be used in newly made cells Packet page # ...
... controlling traits that are passed to an offspring • Replication – creation of new exact copies of DNA to be used in newly made cells Packet page # ...
Monday 12th October Male or Female?
... down five ways in which they look different. 2. What two things can affect how you develop? 3. Explain what is meant by inherited information. ...
... down five ways in which they look different. 2. What two things can affect how you develop? 3. Explain what is meant by inherited information. ...
Notes - Learner
... of each chromosome, one each from the male and female parents. Every germ cell will take one chromosome from each pair and these may be of either maternal or paternal origin. When two germ cells combine, they will restore the normal number of chromosomes in the progeny, ensuring the stability of the ...
... of each chromosome, one each from the male and female parents. Every germ cell will take one chromosome from each pair and these may be of either maternal or paternal origin. When two germ cells combine, they will restore the normal number of chromosomes in the progeny, ensuring the stability of the ...
Keystone Study Guide
... 3. The organelle that contains DNA and RNA _________________________. 4. The two major regions of eukaryotic cells are the _______________________ and the __________________________. 5. The modern view of the plasma membrane structure is the ________________ ________________ _______________. 6. Orga ...
... 3. The organelle that contains DNA and RNA _________________________. 4. The two major regions of eukaryotic cells are the _______________________ and the __________________________. 5. The modern view of the plasma membrane structure is the ________________ ________________ _______________. 6. Orga ...
Sperm - OpenWetWare
... • Prophase I most complex and longest phase. • Chromosomes condense, mitotic spindle forms, nuclear envelope breaks down. • Homologous chromosomes each with two sister chromatids undergo synapsis to create a tetrad. • Crossing over occurs. ...
... • Prophase I most complex and longest phase. • Chromosomes condense, mitotic spindle forms, nuclear envelope breaks down. • Homologous chromosomes each with two sister chromatids undergo synapsis to create a tetrad. • Crossing over occurs. ...
Chapter 24
... allele. This can be seen in sickle cell disease. In codominance, the different alleles are both expressed. This can be seen in ABO blood types. The most drastic upset in chromosome number is an entire extra set, a condition called polyploidy. This results from formation of a diploid (rather than a n ...
... allele. This can be seen in sickle cell disease. In codominance, the different alleles are both expressed. This can be seen in ABO blood types. The most drastic upset in chromosome number is an entire extra set, a condition called polyploidy. This results from formation of a diploid (rather than a n ...
Teacher`s Guide for “Heredity” CT State Standards National Science
... 2. Pedigree – a diagram which is used to map out genetic relationships within a family line 3. Chromosomes – an organized structure of DNA that contains genes 4. DNA – deoxyribonucleic acid – found in nucleus of cells which contains hereditary material 5. Base pairs – DNA consists of 4 base pa ...
... 2. Pedigree – a diagram which is used to map out genetic relationships within a family line 3. Chromosomes – an organized structure of DNA that contains genes 4. DNA – deoxyribonucleic acid – found in nucleus of cells which contains hereditary material 5. Base pairs – DNA consists of 4 base pa ...
X chromosome
... Why or why not? – Does it surprise you to find that there are similar genetic disorders in dogs as humans? Explain. ...
... Why or why not? – Does it surprise you to find that there are similar genetic disorders in dogs as humans? Explain. ...
The Genetics of Bacteria and Their Viruses
... be transferred and about 2 minutes for the transfer of F • The difference reflects the relative sizes of F and the chromosome (100 kb versus 4600 kb) • Regions in the transferred DNA may incorporate into the recipient chromosome and replace homologous regions • This results in recombinant F- cells c ...
... be transferred and about 2 minutes for the transfer of F • The difference reflects the relative sizes of F and the chromosome (100 kb versus 4600 kb) • Regions in the transferred DNA may incorporate into the recipient chromosome and replace homologous regions • This results in recombinant F- cells c ...
Biology Common Assessment Name
... c. a term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait d. the physical characteristics of an organism, the traits expressed e. the genetic makeup of an organism, the set of letters that represent an organism's genes f. when one allele over powers another allele, ...
... c. a term used to refer to an organism that has two identical alleles for a particular trait d. the physical characteristics of an organism, the traits expressed e. the genetic makeup of an organism, the set of letters that represent an organism's genes f. when one allele over powers another allele, ...
Chapter 1 – The nature of science
... What is a chromosome? What is a chromosome made up of? What is the difference between a chromosome of a eukaryote and a prokaryote? What is a somatic cell? How many chromosomes are found in a human somatic cell? What is the diploid number of chromosomes? What is a homologous pair? Structure of a chr ...
... What is a chromosome? What is a chromosome made up of? What is the difference between a chromosome of a eukaryote and a prokaryote? What is a somatic cell? How many chromosomes are found in a human somatic cell? What is the diploid number of chromosomes? What is a homologous pair? Structure of a chr ...
problem set
... Protein coding genes are grouped into the classes known as solitary (single) genes, and duplicated or diverged genes in gene families (Table 6.1). In humans, roughly equal numbers of protein-coding genes fall into these two categories. Examples of gene and protein families are the ß-globin and tubul ...
... Protein coding genes are grouped into the classes known as solitary (single) genes, and duplicated or diverged genes in gene families (Table 6.1). In humans, roughly equal numbers of protein-coding genes fall into these two categories. Examples of gene and protein families are the ß-globin and tubul ...
Reproduction and Evolution Exam
... 16. A reproductive strategy in which an animal expends all of it’s energy in one suicidal event is a. budding b. hermaphroditism c. parthenogenesis. d. semelparity e. iteroparity 17. If meiosis did NOT occur in sexually reproducing organisms, a. mitosis would be sufficient. b. eggs would be haploid ...
... 16. A reproductive strategy in which an animal expends all of it’s energy in one suicidal event is a. budding b. hermaphroditism c. parthenogenesis. d. semelparity e. iteroparity 17. If meiosis did NOT occur in sexually reproducing organisms, a. mitosis would be sufficient. b. eggs would be haploid ...
Review 1 - LFHS AP Biology
... 6. During our transformation experiment, what 2 things did we do to our bacteria to make it more competent? How did we select for the transformants? ...
... 6. During our transformation experiment, what 2 things did we do to our bacteria to make it more competent? How did we select for the transformants? ...
Chromosome
A chromosome (chromo- + -some) is a packaged and organized structure containing most of the DNA of a living organism. It is not usually found on its own, but rather is complexed with many structural proteins called histones as well as associated transcription (copying of genetic sequences) factors and several other macromolecules. Two ""sister"" chromatids (half a chromosome) join together at a protein junction called a centromere. Chromosomes are normally visible under a light microscope only when the cell is undergoing mitosis. Even then, the full chromosome containing both joined sister chromatids becomes visible only during a sequence of mitosis known as metaphase (when chromosomes align together, attached to the mitotic spindle and prepare to divide). This DNA and its associated proteins and macromolecules is collectively known as chromatin, which is further packaged along with its associated molecules into a discrete structure called a nucleosome. Chromatin is present in most cells, with a few exceptions - erythrocytes for example. Occurring only in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, chromatin composes the vast majority of all DNA, except for a small amount inherited maternally which is found in mitochondria. In prokaryotic cells, chromatin occurs free-floating in cytoplasm, as these cells lack organelles and a defined nucleus. The main information-carrying macromolecule is a single piece of coiled double-stranded DNA, containing many genes, regulatory elements and other noncoding DNA. The DNA-bound macromolecules are proteins, which serve to package the DNA and control its functions. Chromosomes vary widely between different organisms. Some species such as certain bacteria also contain plasmids or other extrachromosomal DNA. These are circular structures in the cytoplasm which contain cellular DNA and play a role in horizontal gene transfer.Compaction of the duplicated chromosomes during cell division (mitosis or meiosis) results either in a four-arm structure (pictured to the right) if the centromere is located in the middle of the chromosome or a two-arm structure if the centromere is located near one of the ends. Chromosomal recombination during meiosis and subsequent sexual reproduction plays a vital role in genetic diversity. If these structures are manipulated incorrectly, through processes known as chromosomal instability and translocation, the cell may undergo mitotic catastrophe and die, or it may unexpectedly evade apoptosis leading to the progression of cancer.In prokaryotes (see nucleoids) and viruses, the DNA is often densely packed and organized. In the case of archaea by homologs to eukaryotic histones, in the case of bacteria by histone-like proteins. Small circular genomes called plasmids are often found in bacteria and also in mitochondria and chloroplasts, reflecting their bacterial origins.