DNA
... DNA unwinds and unzips with help of DNA helicases These enzymes break the hydrogen bonds between base pairs. This point is called the replication fork. 5’ Parental DNA Molecule ...
... DNA unwinds and unzips with help of DNA helicases These enzymes break the hydrogen bonds between base pairs. This point is called the replication fork. 5’ Parental DNA Molecule ...
DNA
... The Nuclear genome consists of DNA in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells – this is what we typically think of as our Genome: A Genome is the unique set of chromosomes (or DNA) in one cell of an organism. • Humans have 2 sets of chromosomes (one from each parent: we are diploid.) • Our genome consists ...
... The Nuclear genome consists of DNA in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells – this is what we typically think of as our Genome: A Genome is the unique set of chromosomes (or DNA) in one cell of an organism. • Humans have 2 sets of chromosomes (one from each parent: we are diploid.) • Our genome consists ...
homologous structures
... and peppered moths could be either light or dark colored. After 1850, pollution was the immediate cause of a. darker tree trunks b. darker moths c. lighter tree trunks d. lighter moths ...
... and peppered moths could be either light or dark colored. After 1850, pollution was the immediate cause of a. darker tree trunks b. darker moths c. lighter tree trunks d. lighter moths ...
Reproduction Essay Questions 1. The success of most organisms
... sexually, while others reproduce both sexually and asexually. a. Using THREE difference organisms, give an example of one organism that reproduces sexually, one that reproduces asexually, and one that reproduces BOTH sexually and asexually. For each organism given as an example, describe two reprodu ...
... sexually, while others reproduce both sexually and asexually. a. Using THREE difference organisms, give an example of one organism that reproduces sexually, one that reproduces asexually, and one that reproduces BOTH sexually and asexually. For each organism given as an example, describe two reprodu ...
Practice with Punnett Squares
... DNA- Deoxyribonucleic acid. It is the molecule that codes for our traits. CHROMOSOME - A structure found in the nucleus of a cell. It consists of DNA and proteins. A chromosome contains smaller segments called GENES. GENE- A segment of a chromosome that determines a particular trait of an organism b ...
... DNA- Deoxyribonucleic acid. It is the molecule that codes for our traits. CHROMOSOME - A structure found in the nucleus of a cell. It consists of DNA and proteins. A chromosome contains smaller segments called GENES. GENE- A segment of a chromosome that determines a particular trait of an organism b ...
Cell Division
... Every cell must copy its genetic information before cell division begins. Each daughter cell gets its own copy of that genetic information. Cells of every organism have a specific number of chromosomes. ...
... Every cell must copy its genetic information before cell division begins. Each daughter cell gets its own copy of that genetic information. Cells of every organism have a specific number of chromosomes. ...
CHAPTER 4
... assuming 100% survival of red-eyed flies? Answer: If we use the data from the F1 mating (i.e., F2 results), there were 3,470 red-eyed flies. We would expect a 3:1 ratio between red- and white-eyed flies. Therefore, assuming that all red-eyed offspring survived, there should have been about 1,157 (i. ...
... assuming 100% survival of red-eyed flies? Answer: If we use the data from the F1 mating (i.e., F2 results), there were 3,470 red-eyed flies. We would expect a 3:1 ratio between red- and white-eyed flies. Therefore, assuming that all red-eyed offspring survived, there should have been about 1,157 (i. ...
Mutations, Karyotyping, Pedigrees
... Occurs when DNA is not copied correctly and a segment is repeated Ex) Huntington Disease—CAG Repeat ...
... Occurs when DNA is not copied correctly and a segment is repeated Ex) Huntington Disease—CAG Repeat ...
File
... codominance is the ABO blood group system. For instance, a person having A allele and B allele will have a blood type AB because both the A and B alleles are codominant with each other. 3. Incomplete Dominance This is where an allele for a specific trait is not completely dominant over the other ( ...
... codominance is the ABO blood group system. For instance, a person having A allele and B allele will have a blood type AB because both the A and B alleles are codominant with each other. 3. Incomplete Dominance This is where an allele for a specific trait is not completely dominant over the other ( ...
Allele - CARNES AP BIO
... Figure 14.4 in text (be able to explain) Figure 14.7 B in text (be able to explain) ...
... Figure 14.4 in text (be able to explain) Figure 14.7 B in text (be able to explain) ...
Reproduction: Cellular Processes
... some similarities, but we will also notice some differences, a variation in characteristics of family members. Therefore, reproduction cannot be through only mitosis. In sexual reproduction the gametes (reproductive cells) from two parents, sperm and egg cell gametes, combine during a process called ...
... some similarities, but we will also notice some differences, a variation in characteristics of family members. Therefore, reproduction cannot be through only mitosis. In sexual reproduction the gametes (reproductive cells) from two parents, sperm and egg cell gametes, combine during a process called ...
Sex Linked Genes
... daughter, Alice of Athlone, had one hemophilic son (Rupert) and two other children—a boy and a girl—whose status is unknown. a) What is the probability that her other son was hemophilic? b) What is the probability that her daughter was a carrier? Hemophilic? c) What is the probability that both chil ...
... daughter, Alice of Athlone, had one hemophilic son (Rupert) and two other children—a boy and a girl—whose status is unknown. a) What is the probability that her other son was hemophilic? b) What is the probability that her daughter was a carrier? Hemophilic? c) What is the probability that both chil ...
Understanding how bacterial cells organise in
... Such rod-shaped model organisms, which include Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, have been used and studied extensively by a number of bacterial cell biologists, including Professor Bramkamp. A fundamental question that all cells need to deal with is the correct positioning of the cell divisio ...
... Such rod-shaped model organisms, which include Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis, have been used and studied extensively by a number of bacterial cell biologists, including Professor Bramkamp. A fundamental question that all cells need to deal with is the correct positioning of the cell divisio ...
EOC Review Unit 7_Genetics
... Nondisjunction results too many (47) or too few (45) chromosomes What they might ask: ...
... Nondisjunction results too many (47) or too few (45) chromosomes What they might ask: ...
SBI 3U – Genetic Continuity
... a diploid chromosome number? B d) In which stage(s) would you find a cell with a haploid chromosome number? C 3. The figure below shows plant and animal cells during cell division. Identify each cell as either a plant or an animal cell. Identify the phases of cell division. a) Plant , Metaphase b) P ...
... a diploid chromosome number? B d) In which stage(s) would you find a cell with a haploid chromosome number? C 3. The figure below shows plant and animal cells during cell division. Identify each cell as either a plant or an animal cell. Identify the phases of cell division. a) Plant , Metaphase b) P ...
Introduction to Genetics using Punnett Squares
... Gregor Mendel was an Austrian monk and is known as the Father of Genetics. Mendel was the gardener and observed that many of the plants looked different even though they were the same species. He studied pea plants and their traits to see how they were passed on. This lead to our basic understan ...
... Gregor Mendel was an Austrian monk and is known as the Father of Genetics. Mendel was the gardener and observed that many of the plants looked different even though they were the same species. He studied pea plants and their traits to see how they were passed on. This lead to our basic understan ...
Cell Cycle, Mitosis, Differentiation
... b.Multicellular organisms grow in size from a single cell created during fertilization (joining of egg and ...
... b.Multicellular organisms grow in size from a single cell created during fertilization (joining of egg and ...
Questions
... Explain using a punnett square for support. 3. Is it possible for a two Type AB individuals to have a Type O child? Explain using a punnett square for support. 4. Colorblindness is a sex-linked, recessive trait. Ethan is colorblind. His wife, Edna, is homozygous for the normal color vision allele. I ...
... Explain using a punnett square for support. 3. Is it possible for a two Type AB individuals to have a Type O child? Explain using a punnett square for support. 4. Colorblindness is a sex-linked, recessive trait. Ethan is colorblind. His wife, Edna, is homozygous for the normal color vision allele. I ...
Genetics vocabulary
... why some letters are capitalized and some are not ? There are 2 types of traits • Dominant ...
... why some letters are capitalized and some are not ? There are 2 types of traits • Dominant ...
Organ Systems
... b.Multicellular organisms grow in size from a single cell created during fertilization (joining of egg and ...
... b.Multicellular organisms grow in size from a single cell created during fertilization (joining of egg and ...
Genetics_notes
... – In Drosophila, the following data was obtained from genetic crosses: • 13% recombination between bar eye and garnet eye – High percentage recombination indicates that these two genes are far apart from each other – High likelihood that crossing over will occur between these two genes. • 7% recombi ...
... – In Drosophila, the following data was obtained from genetic crosses: • 13% recombination between bar eye and garnet eye – High percentage recombination indicates that these two genes are far apart from each other – High likelihood that crossing over will occur between these two genes. • 7% recombi ...
Chromosome
A chromosome (chromo- + -some) is a packaged and organized structure containing most of the DNA of a living organism. It is not usually found on its own, but rather is complexed with many structural proteins called histones as well as associated transcription (copying of genetic sequences) factors and several other macromolecules. Two ""sister"" chromatids (half a chromosome) join together at a protein junction called a centromere. Chromosomes are normally visible under a light microscope only when the cell is undergoing mitosis. Even then, the full chromosome containing both joined sister chromatids becomes visible only during a sequence of mitosis known as metaphase (when chromosomes align together, attached to the mitotic spindle and prepare to divide). This DNA and its associated proteins and macromolecules is collectively known as chromatin, which is further packaged along with its associated molecules into a discrete structure called a nucleosome. Chromatin is present in most cells, with a few exceptions - erythrocytes for example. Occurring only in the nucleus of eukaryotic cells, chromatin composes the vast majority of all DNA, except for a small amount inherited maternally which is found in mitochondria. In prokaryotic cells, chromatin occurs free-floating in cytoplasm, as these cells lack organelles and a defined nucleus. The main information-carrying macromolecule is a single piece of coiled double-stranded DNA, containing many genes, regulatory elements and other noncoding DNA. The DNA-bound macromolecules are proteins, which serve to package the DNA and control its functions. Chromosomes vary widely between different organisms. Some species such as certain bacteria also contain plasmids or other extrachromosomal DNA. These are circular structures in the cytoplasm which contain cellular DNA and play a role in horizontal gene transfer.Compaction of the duplicated chromosomes during cell division (mitosis or meiosis) results either in a four-arm structure (pictured to the right) if the centromere is located in the middle of the chromosome or a two-arm structure if the centromere is located near one of the ends. Chromosomal recombination during meiosis and subsequent sexual reproduction plays a vital role in genetic diversity. If these structures are manipulated incorrectly, through processes known as chromosomal instability and translocation, the cell may undergo mitotic catastrophe and die, or it may unexpectedly evade apoptosis leading to the progression of cancer.In prokaryotes (see nucleoids) and viruses, the DNA is often densely packed and organized. In the case of archaea by homologs to eukaryotic histones, in the case of bacteria by histone-like proteins. Small circular genomes called plasmids are often found in bacteria and also in mitochondria and chloroplasts, reflecting their bacterial origins.