Competition between harvester ants and rodents in the cold desert
... Rcithwdontomys megalotis) were studied in areas of high and low densities of harvester ants (Pogommiyrmex outjhcci) in Raft River Valley, Idaho. Numbers of rodents were greatest in areas of high ant-density during May, but partially reduced in August; whereas, the trend was reversed in areas of low ...
... Rcithwdontomys megalotis) were studied in areas of high and low densities of harvester ants (Pogommiyrmex outjhcci) in Raft River Valley, Idaho. Numbers of rodents were greatest in areas of high ant-density during May, but partially reduced in August; whereas, the trend was reversed in areas of low ...
Maternal adjustment of offspring provisioning and the consequences
... 1977). Spatiotemporal environmental heterogeneity will further favor the evolution of greater dispersal for two reasons. First because dispersal typically puts seeds in lower density sites on average, and also because dispersal may reduce variance of parent fitness due to averaging over variable unpr ...
... 1977). Spatiotemporal environmental heterogeneity will further favor the evolution of greater dispersal for two reasons. First because dispersal typically puts seeds in lower density sites on average, and also because dispersal may reduce variance of parent fitness due to averaging over variable unpr ...
Tesis Maestria en Ciencias de Marcos A. Caraballo Ortiz
... Figure 3. Average frequency of seed germination per flower among emasculated and non-emasculated pollination treatments in G. elegans flowers……..………43 ...
... Figure 3. Average frequency of seed germination per flower among emasculated and non-emasculated pollination treatments in G. elegans flowers……..………43 ...
How do seagrasses grow and spread?
... seagrass genus. Seagrasses store resources (carbon and nutrients) in their belowground organs that they use during periods when ambient resource availability does not suffice to fulfil resource demand. Resource storage capacity largely depends on plant size and plant longevity, both features being s ...
... seagrass genus. Seagrasses store resources (carbon and nutrients) in their belowground organs that they use during periods when ambient resource availability does not suffice to fulfil resource demand. Resource storage capacity largely depends on plant size and plant longevity, both features being s ...
Using seed recovery methods to determine causes of failed
... to Euro-American settlement, a large portion of the Midwest and most of Iowa was covered with native prairie. However, by 1900 over 90% had been tilled up for agricultural purposes. Now less than 0.01% of Iowa’s tallgrass prairie remains (Smith 1998). To restore these prairies and reap their benefit ...
... to Euro-American settlement, a large portion of the Midwest and most of Iowa was covered with native prairie. However, by 1900 over 90% had been tilled up for agricultural purposes. Now less than 0.01% of Iowa’s tallgrass prairie remains (Smith 1998). To restore these prairies and reap their benefit ...
- Wiley Online Library
... affect pollinator populations (Goodell 2008). On the other hand, L. salicaria’s tall stature and dense vegetative growth could shield shorter native plants from pollinators or create shade that discourages pollinator foraging, as observed in other invasive plants (McKinney and Goodell 2010, Seifan e ...
... affect pollinator populations (Goodell 2008). On the other hand, L. salicaria’s tall stature and dense vegetative growth could shield shorter native plants from pollinators or create shade that discourages pollinator foraging, as observed in other invasive plants (McKinney and Goodell 2010, Seifan e ...
Sanders, BSP, DS Kjar, and TP Egan. Beetle
... through which plants were rooted. A random numbers table was used to select points along the transects from which Jimbay fruits were collected. Fruits were collected if they were brown and dry, but not yet dehisced. The relative coverage was calculated for the 3 different plant species growing along ...
... through which plants were rooted. A random numbers table was used to select points along the transects from which Jimbay fruits were collected. Fruits were collected if they were brown and dry, but not yet dehisced. The relative coverage was calculated for the 3 different plant species growing along ...
An Introduction to Wetland Seed Banks
... dormancy will sometimes require a complex series of enzymatic and biochemical changes, referred to as “after-ripening,” in order to germinate. In temperate climates, after-ripening is triggered by the low temperatures of winter (stratification). The after-ripening requirement, therefore, is seen as ...
... dormancy will sometimes require a complex series of enzymatic and biochemical changes, referred to as “after-ripening,” in order to germinate. In temperate climates, after-ripening is triggered by the low temperatures of winter (stratification). The after-ripening requirement, therefore, is seen as ...
Seed predation by ants in south-eastern Spain (Desierto de
... Tabernas Desert, six feed mainly or exclusively on seeds. The three Messor species are the most important as predators because the amount of seeds collected by them is by far larger than that brought in by the other species. However, also smaller ants such as Goniomma ssp., Pheidole pallidula, or Te ...
... Tabernas Desert, six feed mainly or exclusively on seeds. The three Messor species are the most important as predators because the amount of seeds collected by them is by far larger than that brought in by the other species. However, also smaller ants such as Goniomma ssp., Pheidole pallidula, or Te ...
Dispersal vacuum in the seedling recruitment of a primate
... passage removes the perishable exocarp from intact seeds and cleans the seed testa of the tightly adhered edible fleshy fruit pulp that can attract agents of mortality, including both pathogens (e.g. fungi and bacteria) and seed predators (e.g. bruchid beetles and rodents). There is a rich literature ...
... passage removes the perishable exocarp from intact seeds and cleans the seed testa of the tightly adhered edible fleshy fruit pulp that can attract agents of mortality, including both pathogens (e.g. fungi and bacteria) and seed predators (e.g. bruchid beetles and rodents). There is a rich literature ...
The phenology of growth and reproduction in plants
... The timing of flowering is one of the most widely investigated aspects of the phenology of plant life-cycles, and has been studied on every scale, from the level of the community (Murali & Sukumar 1994) to that of the individual flower (Herrera 1995a). In most plant communities, although at least so ...
... The timing of flowering is one of the most widely investigated aspects of the phenology of plant life-cycles, and has been studied on every scale, from the level of the community (Murali & Sukumar 1994) to that of the individual flower (Herrera 1995a). In most plant communities, although at least so ...
Herbicidal effect of Ailanthus altissima leaves water extracts on
... concentration of extracts. Although between groups 2 and 3 there was no significant difference in seedling emergence, the difference between other groups, especially group 1 and control group showed the strong inhibitory effect A. altissima extracts had on germination of M. sativa seeds. This effect ...
... concentration of extracts. Although between groups 2 and 3 there was no significant difference in seedling emergence, the difference between other groups, especially group 1 and control group showed the strong inhibitory effect A. altissima extracts had on germination of M. sativa seeds. This effect ...
Coevolution of Cycads and Dinosaurs
... assigned to extant genera, and (2) each leaf form typically occurs only within a single geologic formation, often restricted to a single locality. These features represent island-like biogeographic patterns (MacArthur and Wilson 1967; Quammen 1996) where isolated populations gave rise to great taxon ...
... assigned to extant genera, and (2) each leaf form typically occurs only within a single geologic formation, often restricted to a single locality. These features represent island-like biogeographic patterns (MacArthur and Wilson 1967; Quammen 1996) where isolated populations gave rise to great taxon ...
Adaptive advantages of myrmecochory: the predator
... Sherman traps baited with peanut butter (N/40 /60 traps per population), as 100 /[number of individuals trapped] divided by [number of night-traps]. Two trapping surveys were conducted in each population, one just before the seed-release period (end of May) and the other at the seed-release peak ...
... Sherman traps baited with peanut butter (N/40 /60 traps per population), as 100 /[number of individuals trapped] divided by [number of night-traps]. Two trapping surveys were conducted in each population, one just before the seed-release period (end of May) and the other at the seed-release peak ...
Adaptive advantages of myrmecochory: the predator
... Sherman traps baited with peanut butter (N/40 /60 traps per population), as 100 /[number of individuals trapped] divided by [number of night-traps]. Two trapping surveys were conducted in each population, one just before the seed-release period (end of May) and the other at the seed-release peak ...
... Sherman traps baited with peanut butter (N/40 /60 traps per population), as 100 /[number of individuals trapped] divided by [number of night-traps]. Two trapping surveys were conducted in each population, one just before the seed-release period (end of May) and the other at the seed-release peak ...
Adaptive advantages of myrmecochory: the predator
... remove the diaspore once it has fallen on the ground, or they may climb the plant to gather diaspores directly from dehiscing fruits. The diaspores are carried to the nest, where the elaiosome is removed and eaten; then, depending on the ant species, the intact seed may be discarded within the nest ...
... remove the diaspore once it has fallen on the ground, or they may climb the plant to gather diaspores directly from dehiscing fruits. The diaspores are carried to the nest, where the elaiosome is removed and eaten; then, depending on the ant species, the intact seed may be discarded within the nest ...
The distribution of deer biomass in North America supports the
... between deer density and AE south of the wolf range, considering that I did not correct for factors such as areas of urbanization, agricultural lands, and nature of farm crops, which all influence deer abundance. It is also worth noting that deer behave like the rest of North American mammals, their ...
... between deer density and AE south of the wolf range, considering that I did not correct for factors such as areas of urbanization, agricultural lands, and nature of farm crops, which all influence deer abundance. It is also worth noting that deer behave like the rest of North American mammals, their ...
2010rat4
... previous 5 years. I chose 25 plant species based on the highest frequencies listed with the following two constraints: First, to maximize phylogenetic diversity, no more than two species per family and one species per genus was selected. Second, at least three experts had to list a species for it to ...
... previous 5 years. I chose 25 plant species based on the highest frequencies listed with the following two constraints: First, to maximize phylogenetic diversity, no more than two species per family and one species per genus was selected. Second, at least three experts had to list a species for it to ...
muledeer001023so
... critical to their survival. Winter range habitat normally consists of dry southerly aspect slopes, often with Douglas fir as the dominant overstory tree species. Depending on the snowpack within a given area, winter ranges may be open or densely treed. Deer become more dependent on denser overstory ...
... critical to their survival. Winter range habitat normally consists of dry southerly aspect slopes, often with Douglas fir as the dominant overstory tree species. Depending on the snowpack within a given area, winter ranges may be open or densely treed. Deer become more dependent on denser overstory ...
High selfing capability and low pollinator visitation in the
... conspecific plants but the additional presence of mechanisms that promote autogamy may compensate for the reduced capacity of epiphytes to attract pollinators as a consequence of their highly aggregated spatial distribution in the forest and low floral displays (Bush & Beach 1995). Levin (1972) hypo ...
... conspecific plants but the additional presence of mechanisms that promote autogamy may compensate for the reduced capacity of epiphytes to attract pollinators as a consequence of their highly aggregated spatial distribution in the forest and low floral displays (Bush & Beach 1995). Levin (1972) hypo ...
Altitudinal gradients of generalist and specialist herbivory on three
... the White Mountains (New Hampshire). Transplant experiments with several Asteraceae in the Harz Mountains, Germany, revealed decreasing levels of leaf area loss from the lowlands to montane and subalpine sites (Bruelheide and Scheidel, 1999; Scheidel and Bruelheide, 2001). However, there are also st ...
... the White Mountains (New Hampshire). Transplant experiments with several Asteraceae in the Harz Mountains, Germany, revealed decreasing levels of leaf area loss from the lowlands to montane and subalpine sites (Bruelheide and Scheidel, 1999; Scheidel and Bruelheide, 2001). However, there are also st ...
Natural Areas Journal
... Natural Areas Journal . . . to advance the preservation of natural diversity A publication of the Natural Areas Association - www.naturalarea.org ©2009 Natural Areas Association ...
... Natural Areas Journal . . . to advance the preservation of natural diversity A publication of the Natural Areas Association - www.naturalarea.org ©2009 Natural Areas Association ...
Disruption of ant-seed dispersal mutualisms by the invasive Asian
... The arrival of some invasive species can also disrupt mutualistic interactions such as pollination (Vazquez and Simberloff 2004) or seed dispersal (Traveset and Richardson 2006; Rodriguez-Cabal et al. 2009). Such effects arise, at least in part, because of reductions in the abundance or alterations ...
... The arrival of some invasive species can also disrupt mutualistic interactions such as pollination (Vazquez and Simberloff 2004) or seed dispersal (Traveset and Richardson 2006; Rodriguez-Cabal et al. 2009). Such effects arise, at least in part, because of reductions in the abundance or alterations ...
Trillium grandiflorum
Trillium grandiflorum (common names white trillium, large-flowered trillium, great white trillium, white wake-robin, French trille blanc) is a species of flowering plant in the family Melanthiaceae. A monocotyledonous, herbaceous perennial, it is native to eastern North America, from northern Quebec to the southern parts of the United States through the Appalachian Mountains into northernmost Georgia and west to Minnesota. It also thrives on Vancouver Island in British Columbia. There are also several isolated populations, such as in Nova Scotia and Iowa.Trillium grandiflorum is most common in rich, mixed upland forests. It is easily recognised by its attractive three-petaled white flowers, opening from late spring to early summer, that rise above a whorl of three, leaf-like bracts. It is an example of a spring ephemeral, a plant whose life-cycle is synchronised with that of the deciduous woodland which it favours.