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XI. On the Forces, Stresses, and Fluxes of Energy in the
XI. On the Forces, Stresses, and Fluxes of Energy in the

Quantum Mechanics II SS 2014
Quantum Mechanics II SS 2014

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... Bottom plate Figure 23.3 An equipotential surface. potentials at 10.0 cm, 15.0 cm, 20.0 cm, and 25.0 cm are found as V10 = Ey = (200 N/C)(0.100 m) = 20.0 V V15 = Ey = (200 N/C)(0.150 m) = 30.0 V V20 = Ey = (200 N/C)(0.200 m) = 40.0 V V25 = Ey = (200 N/C)(0.250 m) = 50.0 V All these equipotentials ar ...
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... where Rme and V Ae are the magnetic Reynolds number and Alfvén speed in the region far upstream of the current sheet. Because of its logarithmic dependence on Rme , the Petschek reconnection rate is many orders of magnitude greater than the Sweet-Parker rate, and for most space and laboratory appli ...
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... one encounters new features that are usually absent in pure systems. In particular at a quantum critical point one observes new universality classes with an strongly anisotropic scaling of space and (imaginary) time. Moreover one þnds regions in the phase diagram, where various susceptibilities dive ...
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... materials, such as ZnO, GaN, InN, and ZnS, which simultaneously have piezoelectric and semiconductor properties. ZnO, for example, has a non-central symmetric crystal structure, which naturally produces piezoelectric effect once the material is strained. Wurtzite crystal has a hexagonal structure wi ...
Direct Numerical Simulations of Magnetic Field Effects on Turbulent
Direct Numerical Simulations of Magnetic Field Effects on Turbulent

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Aharonov–Bohm effect

The Aharonov–Bohm effect, sometimes called the Ehrenberg–Siday–Aharonov–Bohm effect, is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which an electrically charged particle is affected by an electromagnetic field (E, B), despite being confined to a region in which both the magnetic field B and electric field E are zero. The underlying mechanism is the coupling of the electromagnetic potential with the complex phase of a charged particle's wavefunction, and the Aharonov–Bohm effect is accordingly illustrated by interference experiments.The most commonly described case, sometimes called the Aharonov–Bohm solenoid effect, takes place when the wave function of a charged particle passing around a long solenoid experiences a phase shift as a result of the enclosed magnetic field, despite the magnetic field being negligible in the region through which the particle passes and the particle's wavefunction being negligible inside the solenoid. This phase shift has been observed experimentally. There are also magnetic Aharonov–Bohm effects on bound energies and scattering cross sections, but these cases have not been experimentally tested. An electric Aharonov–Bohm phenomenon was also predicted, in which a charged particle is affected by regions with different electrical potentials but zero electric field, but this has no experimental confirmation yet. A separate ""molecular"" Aharonov–Bohm effect was proposed for nuclear motion in multiply connected regions, but this has been argued to be a different kind of geometric phase as it is ""neither nonlocal nor topological"", depending only on local quantities along the nuclear path.Werner Ehrenberg and Raymond E. Siday first predicted the effect in 1949, and similar effects were later published by Yakir Aharonov and David Bohm in 1959. After publication of the 1959 paper, Bohm was informed of Ehrenberg and Siday's work, which was acknowledged and credited in Bohm and Aharonov's subsequent 1961 paper.Subsequently, the effect was confirmed experimentally by several authors; a general review can be found in Peshkin and Tonomura (1989).
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