The Scientific Revolution - Online
... Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) proved the Copernican theory with his telescope, challenged Aristotle's universe and its theological-philosophical worldview,34and laid the foundations for dynamics (how objects move on the earth) and gravity. ...
... Galileo Galilei (1564-1642) proved the Copernican theory with his telescope, challenged Aristotle's universe and its theological-philosophical worldview,34and laid the foundations for dynamics (how objects move on the earth) and gravity. ...
Introductory Astrophysics
... 2 Phases of Moon due to shadows cast by Sun (Aristotle c 384-322 BC) * 3 Eclipses caused by Earth-Moon-Sun alignments (Aristotle) * 4 A moving Earth should cause parallax effects (Aristotle) * 5 Earth revolves around the Sun (Aristarchus 310-230 BC) * 6 Distance ratios between Earth, Moon, and Sun ( ...
... 2 Phases of Moon due to shadows cast by Sun (Aristotle c 384-322 BC) * 3 Eclipses caused by Earth-Moon-Sun alignments (Aristotle) * 4 A moving Earth should cause parallax effects (Aristotle) * 5 Earth revolves around the Sun (Aristarchus 310-230 BC) * 6 Distance ratios between Earth, Moon, and Sun ( ...
A Short History of the Origin of Modern Astronomy What is a “Theory
... sphere Sun is on a sphere closer to Earth than stars Planets are on their own spheres closer or farther from the sun’s ...
... sphere Sun is on a sphere closer to Earth than stars Planets are on their own spheres closer or farther from the sun’s ...
CelestialSphere
... We see Mercury and Venus follow the Sun around in the sky. They may go down after, or come up before it. If they go down after, we see them in the evening. ...
... We see Mercury and Venus follow the Sun around in the sky. They may go down after, or come up before it. If they go down after, we see them in the evening. ...
CelestialSphere02
... We see Mercury and Venus follow the Sun around in the sky. They may go down after, or come up before it. If they go down after, we see them in the evening. ...
... We see Mercury and Venus follow the Sun around in the sky. They may go down after, or come up before it. If they go down after, we see them in the evening. ...
Right Ascension / Declination
... Sirius. (We do not recommend trying this. There are much better things to be doing with your time.) There is only one slight hitch with all of this. Due to precession, the earth wobbles and in the process causes the vernal equinox to slowly move through the celestial sphere. So what we are basically ...
... Sirius. (We do not recommend trying this. There are much better things to be doing with your time.) There is only one slight hitch with all of this. Due to precession, the earth wobbles and in the process causes the vernal equinox to slowly move through the celestial sphere. So what we are basically ...
Astronomy
... Leaning Tower of Pisa, that objects fall at the same rate. (Gravity is a constant) In 1630, Galileo published his opus (Dialogue of the Great World Systems) and traveled to Rome to ask for permission to publish. After publication, it was realized just what he was proposing and Galileo was ordered to ...
... Leaning Tower of Pisa, that objects fall at the same rate. (Gravity is a constant) In 1630, Galileo published his opus (Dialogue of the Great World Systems) and traveled to Rome to ask for permission to publish. After publication, it was realized just what he was proposing and Galileo was ordered to ...
chapter3 - Empyrean Quest Publishers
... • Model was only a little more accurate than Ptolemaic model in predicting planetary positions, because it still used perfect circles & stars on a sphere, only a little bigger than Pythagoras claimed. ...
... • Model was only a little more accurate than Ptolemaic model in predicting planetary positions, because it still used perfect circles & stars on a sphere, only a little bigger than Pythagoras claimed. ...
History of astronomy - Part I.
... However, in a way, Ptolemy can be considered a plagiarist. He probably did not reobserve the 1000 brightest stars visible from Alexandra. He simple took the star catalogue of Hipparchus and precessed the coordinates for precession by adding the same angular value to the celestial longitudes of thos ...
... However, in a way, Ptolemy can be considered a plagiarist. He probably did not reobserve the 1000 brightest stars visible from Alexandra. He simple took the star catalogue of Hipparchus and precessed the coordinates for precession by adding the same angular value to the celestial longitudes of thos ...
The Solar System - RHIG - Wayne State University
... truly profound questions about our place in the universe did not come up until much later. Q7. Occam's razor states that the simplest explanation is best. Is this a valid scientific principle? Can you give an example of a modern day theory where simplicity and elegance are the primary justifications ...
... truly profound questions about our place in the universe did not come up until much later. Q7. Occam's razor states that the simplest explanation is best. Is this a valid scientific principle? Can you give an example of a modern day theory where simplicity and elegance are the primary justifications ...
Navigation - hrsbstaff.ednet.ns.ca
... The captain responds, "I'm a United States Navy captain! Change your course, sir!" "I'm a seaman second class," the next message reads. "Change your course, sir." The captain is furious. "I'm a battleship! I'm not changing course!" "I'm a lighthouse. Your call." ...
... The captain responds, "I'm a United States Navy captain! Change your course, sir!" "I'm a seaman second class," the next message reads. "Change your course, sir." The captain is furious. "I'm a battleship! I'm not changing course!" "I'm a lighthouse. Your call." ...
Click www.ondix.com to visit our student-to
... Prime Mover, who is responsible for the unity and purposefulness of nature. God is perfect and therefore the aspiration of all things in the world, because all things desire to share perfection. Other movers exist as well-the intelligent movers of the planets and stars (Aristotle suggested that the ...
... Prime Mover, who is responsible for the unity and purposefulness of nature. God is perfect and therefore the aspiration of all things in the world, because all things desire to share perfection. Other movers exist as well-the intelligent movers of the planets and stars (Aristotle suggested that the ...
early astronomical history
... – Ptolemy of Alexandria improved the geocentric model by assuming each planet moved on a small circle, which in turn had its center move on a much larger circle centered on the Earth – The small circles were called epicycles and were incorporated so as to explain retrograde motion – Ptolemy’s model ...
... – Ptolemy of Alexandria improved the geocentric model by assuming each planet moved on a small circle, which in turn had its center move on a much larger circle centered on the Earth – The small circles were called epicycles and were incorporated so as to explain retrograde motion – Ptolemy’s model ...
PPT - UBC
... Polaris is currently within 1 degree of pole. Where will it be in 13,000 years? Same effect causes 50.3”/year westward motion of vernal equinox - use tropical year for calendar. J2000 is reference (Jan 1, 2000 noon at Greenwich) ...
... Polaris is currently within 1 degree of pole. Where will it be in 13,000 years? Same effect causes 50.3”/year westward motion of vernal equinox - use tropical year for calendar. J2000 is reference (Jan 1, 2000 noon at Greenwich) ...
The Sky and Its Motion - west
... • Ancient astronomers believed the Earth was surrounded by a great sphere (the sky), with the stars stuck on the inside (like thumbtacks in the ceiling). • We now know the stars are great distances away, not all the same distance from Earth. ...
... • Ancient astronomers believed the Earth was surrounded by a great sphere (the sky), with the stars stuck on the inside (like thumbtacks in the ceiling). • We now know the stars are great distances away, not all the same distance from Earth. ...
Astronomical history
... the people about how in religion “god” had made the earth perfect everything revolving around them. (b) Where did Ptolemy place the stars in his model? In this model Ptolemy places the stars outside of the revolving planets. The sun is an example being the first star in our solar system and being th ...
... the people about how in religion “god” had made the earth perfect everything revolving around them. (b) Where did Ptolemy place the stars in his model? In this model Ptolemy places the stars outside of the revolving planets. The sun is an example being the first star in our solar system and being th ...
CopernicanRev1
... Difference between living and nonliving What is the sun? How is it related to fire? What are those tiny lights in the sky? Why do some lights wander among the others? (5 Planetes*) Pythagoras of Samos ~500 BCE Earth is a sphere* Mathematical perfection* (Note: separation of ideal from reality) All c ...
... Difference between living and nonliving What is the sun? How is it related to fire? What are those tiny lights in the sky? Why do some lights wander among the others? (5 Planetes*) Pythagoras of Samos ~500 BCE Earth is a sphere* Mathematical perfection* (Note: separation of ideal from reality) All c ...
The Earth in the Universe - Sierra College Astronomy Home Page
... 400 years before Ptolemy, the Greek philosopher Aristarchus proposed a moving-Earth solution to explain celestial motions. Ptolemy and others discredited Aristarchus’s model, but used wrong assumptions to do so. © Sierra College Astronomy Department ...
... 400 years before Ptolemy, the Greek philosopher Aristarchus proposed a moving-Earth solution to explain celestial motions. Ptolemy and others discredited Aristarchus’s model, but used wrong assumptions to do so. © Sierra College Astronomy Department ...
Class 1: From Astrology to Astronomy
... with Earth at the center like Aristotle proposed was geocentric. The Greek word geo means “Earth.” • Most ancient astronomers used a geocentric system. ...
... with Earth at the center like Aristotle proposed was geocentric. The Greek word geo means “Earth.” • Most ancient astronomers used a geocentric system. ...
1 The Celestial Equator and the Ecliptic 2 Seasonal Changes in the
... The Greek philosopher Hipparchus first noted that the right ascension and declination of stars were different in his time than they had been recorded by earlier astronomers. We now know that this is due to the precession of the equinoxes. This is fundamentally due to the precession of the Earth’s ro ...
... The Greek philosopher Hipparchus first noted that the right ascension and declination of stars were different in his time than they had been recorded by earlier astronomers. We now know that this is due to the precession of the equinoxes. This is fundamentally due to the precession of the Earth’s ro ...
Planetarium Key Points
... Using a motionless sphere we can define a great circle, the horizon, and its poles, zenit and nadir 2. The daily motion of the sphere From Est to West around an axis that seems fixed on the sphere (for short periods of time) The motion and the sphere define two poles and an equator, we can use ...
... Using a motionless sphere we can define a great circle, the horizon, and its poles, zenit and nadir 2. The daily motion of the sphere From Est to West around an axis that seems fixed on the sphere (for short periods of time) The motion and the sphere define two poles and an equator, we can use ...
Lecture 3 - Concord University
... oplanets still on spheres oCopernicus still used epicycles! opredictions not better than in Ptolemy’s model→ geometrically equivalent oCopernicus’ model not generally accepted and Ptolemaic–Copernican o disagreement thought to be metaphysical, unanswerable question ...
... oplanets still on spheres oCopernicus still used epicycles! opredictions not better than in Ptolemy’s model→ geometrically equivalent oCopernicus’ model not generally accepted and Ptolemaic–Copernican o disagreement thought to be metaphysical, unanswerable question ...
Lab 1: Introduction to Astronomy
... clue is worth one point. If you have trouble, feel free to ask your TA for help! The total lab is out of 30 points, so there are two points of extra credit available! Across 2: This object is Roman Vulcan’s home in our Solar System 3: First seen by Galileo around the 6th planet, these are mostly icy ...
... clue is worth one point. If you have trouble, feel free to ask your TA for help! The total lab is out of 30 points, so there are two points of extra credit available! Across 2: This object is Roman Vulcan’s home in our Solar System 3: First seen by Galileo around the 6th planet, these are mostly icy ...
Objection (Parallax)
... Earth, moves in circles, called epicycles, on their own orbits, which explains both retrograde motion and planets' changing brightness Since the system wasn't totally accurate for predicting planetary motion, Ptolemy modified the model, moving the Earth slightly out of center This system goes unchal ...
... Earth, moves in circles, called epicycles, on their own orbits, which explains both retrograde motion and planets' changing brightness Since the system wasn't totally accurate for predicting planetary motion, Ptolemy modified the model, moving the Earth slightly out of center This system goes unchal ...
Transcript - Cheap Astronomy
... start with him? For example, there was Aristarchus of Samos who lived around 300 BC. No writings by Aristarchus remain, his proposal is described by Aristotle – who relayed that Aristarchus thought the Sun that the centre around which the Earth orbited and indeed that the fixed background stars migh ...
... start with him? For example, there was Aristarchus of Samos who lived around 300 BC. No writings by Aristarchus remain, his proposal is described by Aristotle – who relayed that Aristarchus thought the Sun that the centre around which the Earth orbited and indeed that the fixed background stars migh ...
Celestial spheres
The celestial spheres, or celestial orbs, were the fundamental entities of the cosmological models developed by Plato, Eudoxus, Aristotle, Ptolemy, Copernicus and others. In these celestial models the apparent motions of the fixed stars and the planets are accounted for by treating them as embedded in rotating spheres made of an aetherial, transparent fifth element (quintessence), like jewels set in orbs. Since it was believed that the fixed stars did not change their positions relative to one another, it was argued that they must be on the surface of a single starry sphere.In modern thought, the orbits of the planets are viewed as the paths of those planets through mostly empty space. Ancient and medieval thinkers, however, considered the celestial orbs to be thick spheres of rarefied matter nested one within the other, each one in complete contact with the sphere above it and the sphere below. When scholars applied Ptolemy's epicycles, they presumed that each planetary sphere was exactly thick enough to accommodate them. By combining this nested sphere model with astronomical observations, scholars calculated what became generally accepted values at the time for the distances to the Sun (about 4 million miles), to the other planets, and to the edge of the universe (about 73 million miles). The nested sphere model's distances to the Sun and planets differ significantly from modern measurements of the distances, and the size of the universe is now known to be inconceivably large and possibly infinite.Albert Van Helden has suggested that from about 1250 until the 17th century, virtually all educated Europeans were familiar with the Ptolemaic model of ""nesting spheres and the cosmic dimensions derived from it"". Even following the adoption of Copernicus's heliocentric model of the universe, new versions of the celestial sphere model were introduced, with the planetary spheres following this sequence from the central Sun: Mercury, Venus, Earth-Moon, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn.