Gradient, Divergence and Curl: the Basics
... sphere of radius, r, with the charge initially at the center. The dS vector will also point radially away from the center. Since the magnitude of the electric field will remain the same at all points on the surface (since r is constant), the dot product of E dS will be a constant; and so the integr ...
... sphere of radius, r, with the charge initially at the center. The dS vector will also point radially away from the center. Since the magnitude of the electric field will remain the same at all points on the surface (since r is constant), the dot product of E dS will be a constant; and so the integr ...
Spectral classification of blue supergiants in M31
... is a very good approximation and the particles follow a Maxwell velocity distribution. Hence, Doppler broadening yields a Gaussian line profile. Another mechanism that is particularly important for luminosity classification is pressure broadening via the Stark effect. Absorbing atoms are constantly ...
... is a very good approximation and the particles follow a Maxwell velocity distribution. Hence, Doppler broadening yields a Gaussian line profile. Another mechanism that is particularly important for luminosity classification is pressure broadening via the Stark effect. Absorbing atoms are constantly ...
... The transition probability per unit time from the n = 1 valence subband to the donor-impurity band (associated with a single donor-impurity located at z = zi ) is proportional -in the dipole approximation- to the square of the matrix element of the electron-photon interaction between the wave functi ...
Type-IV Antifreeze Proteins are Essential for Epiboly
... (YSL). Interestingly, afp4a expression continues in YSL and digestive system from early embryos to adults, whereas afp4b expression is restricted to embryogenesis. Importantly, we have shown by using afp4a-specific and afp4b-specifc morpholino knockdown and cell lineage tracing approaches that AFP4a ...
... (YSL). Interestingly, afp4a expression continues in YSL and digestive system from early embryos to adults, whereas afp4b expression is restricted to embryogenesis. Importantly, we have shown by using afp4a-specific and afp4b-specifc morpholino knockdown and cell lineage tracing approaches that AFP4a ...
The Amino Acid Sequence of Chlorella fusca Plastocyanin
... binding of the copper. The proposed sequence contains only a single cysteine residue (position 83), clustered around by several aromatic residues. In the bacterial azurins, which are copper proteins that are believed to be of structure and function comparable with those of plastocyanin (Malkin & Mal ...
... binding of the copper. The proposed sequence contains only a single cysteine residue (position 83), clustered around by several aromatic residues. In the bacterial azurins, which are copper proteins that are believed to be of structure and function comparable with those of plastocyanin (Malkin & Mal ...
Make:targeting signals
... Calmodulin (CaM) : An abundant 149 amino acid, highly conserved cytoplasmic protein with 4 binding sites for Ca2+ each formed by "EF-hands." Many other homologous Ca2+ binding proteins of this large EF-hand family act as Ca switches and Ca buffers. The Ca2+ ions bind cooperatively and become encircl ...
... Calmodulin (CaM) : An abundant 149 amino acid, highly conserved cytoplasmic protein with 4 binding sites for Ca2+ each formed by "EF-hands." Many other homologous Ca2+ binding proteins of this large EF-hand family act as Ca switches and Ca buffers. The Ca2+ ions bind cooperatively and become encircl ...
Biological Molecules: Water and Carbohydrates
... Changes in temperature, pH or salt concentration can all denature a protein, although the specific conditions will vary from protein to protein. Fibrous proteins lose their structural strength when denatured, whereas globular proteins become insoluble and inactive. 36 of 30 ...
... Changes in temperature, pH or salt concentration can all denature a protein, although the specific conditions will vary from protein to protein. Fibrous proteins lose their structural strength when denatured, whereas globular proteins become insoluble and inactive. 36 of 30 ...
Electric Field
... The Electric Field of a Point Charge Using unit vector notation, the electric field at a distance r from a point charge q is: ...
... The Electric Field of a Point Charge Using unit vector notation, the electric field at a distance r from a point charge q is: ...
Physics 1161 Lecture 2 Electric Fields
... • Electric Force (F) - the actual force felt by a charge at some location. • Electric Field (E) - found for a location only – tells what the electric force would be if a charge were located there: ...
... • Electric Force (F) - the actual force felt by a charge at some location. • Electric Field (E) - found for a location only – tells what the electric force would be if a charge were located there: ...
Measuring Optical Pumping of Rubidium Vapor
... rubidium vapor. Doing this at 41.8◦ C yields a mean free path of 29 ± 4.2mm. M. chevrollier et al. published a range of mean free paths for rubidium in [3]. The range they found went from 50 mm at 20◦ C to 5 mm at 47◦ C. Our measurement falls within this range. However, given that the temperature is ...
... rubidium vapor. Doing this at 41.8◦ C yields a mean free path of 29 ± 4.2mm. M. chevrollier et al. published a range of mean free paths for rubidium in [3]. The range they found went from 50 mm at 20◦ C to 5 mm at 47◦ C. Our measurement falls within this range. However, given that the temperature is ...
IO2214601464
... through a sample several things can transpire. The light can either be reflected back or it can be transmitted through the sample. The process that occurs will depend on the wavelength of light, the composition (i.e., the type and concentration of molecules, etc) and thickness of the sample. The ene ...
... through a sample several things can transpire. The light can either be reflected back or it can be transmitted through the sample. The process that occurs will depend on the wavelength of light, the composition (i.e., the type and concentration of molecules, etc) and thickness of the sample. The ene ...
Circular dichroism
Circular dichroism (CD) is dichroism involving circularly polarized light, i.e., the differential absorption of left- and right-handed light. Left-hand circular (LHC) and right-hand circular (RHC) polarized light represent two possible spin angular momentum states for a photon, and so circular dichroism is also referred to as dichroism for spin angular momentum. This phenomenon was discovered by Jean-Baptiste Biot, Augustin Fresnel, and Aimé Cotton in the first half of the 19th century. It is exhibited in the absorption bands of optically active chiral molecules. CD spectroscopy has a wide range of applications in many different fields. Most notably, UV CD is used to investigate the secondary structure of proteins. UV/Vis CD is used to investigate charge-transfer transitions. Near-infrared CD is used to investigate geometric and electronic structure by probing metal d→d transitions. Vibrational circular dichroism, which uses light from the infrared energy region, is used for structural studies of small organic molecules, and most recently proteins and DNA.