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An Introduction on Cognition System Design
An Introduction on Cognition System Design

On Line Isolated Characters Recognition Using Dynamic Bayesian
On Line Isolated Characters Recognition Using Dynamic Bayesian

... for computers. A task of recognition is difficult for the isolated handwritten characters because their forms are varied compared with the printed characters. The on line recognition makes it possible to interpret a writing represented by the pen trajectory. This technique is in particular used in t ...


... With the increasing depth of coal mining in North China, the major confined water disaster in Ordovician carbonate rock is more and more serious. As Wang et al, poited out,, three zones will be formed on the floor of the coal seam[1]. Determining accurate depth of the three zones, especially the flo ...
Unifying Rational Models of Categorization via the Hierarchical Dirichlet Process
Unifying Rational Models of Categorization via the Hierarchical Dirichlet Process

... P(cN = j|zN = k, zN−1 , cN−1 )P(zN = k|zN−1 ) where the second term on the right hand side is given by Equation 10. This defines a distribution over the same K clusters regardless of j, but the value of K depends on the number of clusters in zN−1 . The RMC can thus be viewed as a form of the mixture ...
A Comparison of the Belief-Adjustment Model and the Quantum Inference... as Explanations of Order Effects in Human Inference
A Comparison of the Belief-Adjustment Model and the Quantum Inference... as Explanations of Order Effects in Human Inference

Unifying Rational Models of Categorization via the Hierarchical Dirichlet Process
Unifying Rational Models of Categorization via the Hierarchical Dirichlet Process

The Data Mining Process
The Data Mining Process

K-Nearest Neighbor Exercise #2
K-Nearest Neighbor Exercise #2

... file. Partition all of the Gatlin data into two parts: training (60%) and validation (40%). We won’t use a test data set this time. Use the default random number seed 12345. Using this partition, we are going to build a K-Nearest Neighbors classification model using all (8) of the available input va ...
2 Overview of the Data Mining Process 9
2 Overview of the Data Mining Process 9

Effective Classification of 3D Image Data using
Effective Classification of 3D Image Data using

... A lot of research has been done in the field of content-based retrieval and classification for general types of images (see [1, 2] for comparative surveys). In most cases the extracted features (usually color-based [3-5]) characterize the entire image rather than image regions and there is no distin ...
Special issue: Computational intelligence models for image
Special issue: Computational intelligence models for image

Mining BIM Models: Data Representation and Clustering from
Mining BIM Models: Data Representation and Clustering from

Lecture 10
Lecture 10

Step 3. Get to Know the Data
Step 3. Get to Know the Data

PDF - Natural Language Processing: A Model to Predict a Sequence
PDF - Natural Language Processing: A Model to Predict a Sequence

... Table 1 also shows the total vocabulary (V), which equals the number of total word tokens present in each genre. Just over half of the total Corpus is composed of blog posts. Word types (T) are the number of unique words within the Vocabulary. The Type/Token Ratio (TTR) is a well-documented measure ...
Energy-Based Models for Sparse Overcomplete Representations
Energy-Based Models for Sparse Overcomplete Representations

Data Mining and Statistical Models in Marketing Campaigns of BT Retail
Data Mining and Statistical Models in Marketing Campaigns of BT Retail

Representing Probabilistic Rules with Networks of
Representing Probabilistic Rules with Networks of

... if it was possible to automatically construct readable higher level descriptions of the stored network knowledge. So far we only discussed the extraction of learned knowledge from a neural network. For many reasons the“reverse” process, by which we mean the incorporation of prior high-level rule-bas ...
A comparison of model-based and regression classification
A comparison of model-based and regression classification

... The letters in ModelID denote the volume, shape and orientation repectively. For example, EEV represents equal volume and shape with variable orientation. The mixture model (1) can be fitted to multivariate observations y1 , y2 , . . . , yN by maximizing the log-likelihood (1) using the EM algorithm ...
Realistic synthetic data for testing association rule mining algorithms
Realistic synthetic data for testing association rule mining algorithms

... the likely coexistence of groups of attributes. To this end it is first necessary to identify frequent itemsets; those subsets F of the available set of attributes I for which the support, the number of times F occurs in the dataset under consideration, exceeds some threshold value. Other criteria a ...
Document
Document

... uniform distribution) • How well can I predict a value of the random variable? ...
Bayesian classification - Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory
Bayesian classification - Stanford Artificial Intelligence Laboratory

... in various ways. For instance, prior knowledge my determine the type of model we use for estimating Pr(A ; : : : ; Ak jC ). In speech recognition, for example, the attributes are measurements of the speech signal, and the probabilistic model is a Hidden Markov Model (Rabiner 1990) that is usually co ...
Using Tree Augmented Naive Bayesian Classifiers to Improve Engine Fault Models
Using Tree Augmented Naive Bayesian Classifiers to Improve Engine Fault Models

... fault models is somewhat unique. The data mining does not start from a clean slate, but builds up from an existing ADMS reference model structure. In section 2, we describe a typical reference model structure along with the reasoning algorithm (called the W-algorithm). Next, we systematically enume ...
An Invariance for the Large-Sample Empirical Distribution of Waiting
An Invariance for the Large-Sample Empirical Distribution of Waiting

Chapter12
Chapter12

< 1 ... 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 ... 58 >

Mixture model

In statistics, a mixture model is a probabilistic model for representing the presence of subpopulations within an overall population, without requiring that an observed data set should identify the sub-population to which an individual observation belongs. Formally a mixture model corresponds to the mixture distribution that represents the probability distribution of observations in the overall population. However, while problems associated with ""mixture distributions"" relate to deriving the properties of the overall population from those of the sub-populations, ""mixture models"" are used to make statistical inferences about the properties of the sub-populations given only observations on the pooled population, without sub-population identity information.Some ways of implementing mixture models involve steps that attribute postulated sub-population-identities to individual observations (or weights towards such sub-populations), in which case these can be regarded as types of unsupervised learning or clustering procedures. However not all inference procedures involve such steps.Mixture models should not be confused with models for compositional data, i.e., data whose components are constrained to sum to a constant value (1, 100%, etc.). However, compositional models can be thought of as mixture models, where members of the population are sampled at random. Conversely, mixture models can be thought of as compositional models, where the total size of the population has been normalized to 1.
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