A polynomial approach for reflection, transmission, and ellipsometric
... the ellipsometric parameters of a stratified isotropic planar structure is presented. We show that these parameters can be written in a very simple and compact form using the so-called elementary symmetric functions that are extensively used in the mathematical theory of polynomials. This approach i ...
... the ellipsometric parameters of a stratified isotropic planar structure is presented. We show that these parameters can be written in a very simple and compact form using the so-called elementary symmetric functions that are extensively used in the mathematical theory of polynomials. This approach i ...
paper
... the rotation of the plane of polarization locally at each point along the fiber for the case of a uniform helix by use of differential geometry. The experimental setup is schematically shown in Fig. 1(a). A He-Ne laser and a pair of linear polarizers, one at the input, the other at the output end of ...
... the rotation of the plane of polarization locally at each point along the fiber for the case of a uniform helix by use of differential geometry. The experimental setup is schematically shown in Fig. 1(a). A He-Ne laser and a pair of linear polarizers, one at the input, the other at the output end of ...
Enhanced fiber coupled laser power and brightness for
... overall beam quality of better than 20 mm x mrad enabling efficient coupling into a 200 µm NA 0.22 fiber. The right part of Fig. 1 shows a measurement of the beam quality for the baseplate. The resulting beam qualities are 16.4 mm x mrad (M2 = 53) for the slow-axis direction and 6.6 mm x mrad (M2 = ...
... overall beam quality of better than 20 mm x mrad enabling efficient coupling into a 200 µm NA 0.22 fiber. The right part of Fig. 1 shows a measurement of the beam quality for the baseplate. The resulting beam qualities are 16.4 mm x mrad (M2 = 53) for the slow-axis direction and 6.6 mm x mrad (M2 = ...
Rejection of two-photon fluorescence background in
... independent of the beam spot size incident on the DM. We chose to sub-divide the DM pattern into few zones rather than many zones so as to minimize beam divergence from the DM and ensure that the same amount of power is delivered to the sample with or without aberrations. This was verified in practi ...
... independent of the beam spot size incident on the DM. We chose to sub-divide the DM pattern into few zones rather than many zones so as to minimize beam divergence from the DM and ensure that the same amount of power is delivered to the sample with or without aberrations. This was verified in practi ...
Slide
... The Fresnel approximation is based upon the assumption |2-1| << z. Here 1 and 2 represent the transverse coordinates in the initial and final planes for any pair of points to be considered in the calculation. What pairs of points must be considered depends upon the specific problem to be modele ...
... The Fresnel approximation is based upon the assumption |2-1| << z. Here 1 and 2 represent the transverse coordinates in the initial and final planes for any pair of points to be considered in the calculation. What pairs of points must be considered depends upon the specific problem to be modele ...
PIN Photodiode for High-Energy Gamma
... the position of a double photoelectron peak due to compton scattering. In this study, because we focused on the application of FNGR using 60Co, the effect of the optical bonding is important in our case. III. Results Simulations predicted (see Fig. 2) and the measurements proved that two combination ...
... the position of a double photoelectron peak due to compton scattering. In this study, because we focused on the application of FNGR using 60Co, the effect of the optical bonding is important in our case. III. Results Simulations predicted (see Fig. 2) and the measurements proved that two combination ...
Frequency Mode Locking in Erbium Doped Fiber Laser Dhyaa . F
... as the Fabry–Perot cavity, which is made by placing the gain medium in between two high-reflecting mirrors. In the case of fiber lasers, mirrors are often butt-coupled to the fiber ends to avoid diffraction losses [7]. In the Fabry–Perot laser cavity The light makes two passes through the gain mediu ...
... as the Fabry–Perot cavity, which is made by placing the gain medium in between two high-reflecting mirrors. In the case of fiber lasers, mirrors are often butt-coupled to the fiber ends to avoid diffraction losses [7]. In the Fabry–Perot laser cavity The light makes two passes through the gain mediu ...
First Order Optics
... prisms which can be used to fold an optical system into different geometries. They are the deviation, dispersion, displacement, rotation and expansion prisms. In addition to the 3D coordinate system, image motion due to a prism can also be described by the image handedness and parity. Image handedne ...
... prisms which can be used to fold an optical system into different geometries. They are the deviation, dispersion, displacement, rotation and expansion prisms. In addition to the 3D coordinate system, image motion due to a prism can also be described by the image handedness and parity. Image handedne ...
Laser Security
... Note:- for a product to be classified correctly, it must be tested at the maximum output accessible under reasonably foreseeable single-fault conditions (e.g., in the drive circuitry). A non-M class product must pass both Condition 1 and Condition 2 of Table 10 in IEC/EN 60825-1, and an M-class pro ...
... Note:- for a product to be classified correctly, it must be tested at the maximum output accessible under reasonably foreseeable single-fault conditions (e.g., in the drive circuitry). A non-M class product must pass both Condition 1 and Condition 2 of Table 10 in IEC/EN 60825-1, and an M-class pro ...
4 Modeling of SVE fields in WaveTrain
... screens, or possibly platform jitters impressed on the beam via dynamic beam-tilt modules. (2) The characteristic optical frequency phasor, e ...
... screens, or possibly platform jitters impressed on the beam via dynamic beam-tilt modules. (2) The characteristic optical frequency phasor, e ...
Nd: YAG Lasers
... • Nd:Yag is often run as frequency doubled or higher laser • Generates visible or UV light that way • Works due to non-linear optical effects in materials • Called Second Harmonic Generation or frequency doubling • Certain crystals have non-linear relation between E field polarization & applied E fi ...
... • Nd:Yag is often run as frequency doubled or higher laser • Generates visible or UV light that way • Works due to non-linear optical effects in materials • Called Second Harmonic Generation or frequency doubling • Certain crystals have non-linear relation between E field polarization & applied E fi ...
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Low atmospheric density measurement based on Rayleigh
... trace amounts of seeded species. BALLA and EXTON described the LIF method to obtain instantaneous measurements of atmospheric density with the seeded species I2 in the range of (0.1–6.5)×1017 cm–3 [9]. As the seeded material may introduce unacceptable corrosion or undesirable influence on the flow f ...
... trace amounts of seeded species. BALLA and EXTON described the LIF method to obtain instantaneous measurements of atmospheric density with the seeded species I2 in the range of (0.1–6.5)×1017 cm–3 [9]. As the seeded material may introduce unacceptable corrosion or undesirable influence on the flow f ...
A new approach for retrieving the UV–vis optical properties of
... The interaction of atmospheric fine particulate matter with sunlight was shown to resemble a power law dependence on wavelength decades ago (Ångström, 1929, 1930, 1961, 1964). The Ångström exponent was since widely used to describe this wavelength dependency and to characterize aerosols size (Valenz ...
... The interaction of atmospheric fine particulate matter with sunlight was shown to resemble a power law dependence on wavelength decades ago (Ångström, 1929, 1930, 1961, 1964). The Ångström exponent was since widely used to describe this wavelength dependency and to characterize aerosols size (Valenz ...
Chapter 6 Experiment 4: Wave Interference
... that could interfere with each other. (A plane wave is a wave consisting of parallel wavefronts all traveling in the same direction.) For a given direction, θ, the intensity observed at point P on the screen will be a superposition of the light originating from every slit. Whether the two waves add ...
... that could interfere with each other. (A plane wave is a wave consisting of parallel wavefronts all traveling in the same direction.) For a given direction, θ, the intensity observed at point P on the screen will be a superposition of the light originating from every slit. Whether the two waves add ...
Laser ranging: a critical review of usual techniques
... therefore, be reduced by half to give the actual range to the target. To obtain 1 mm accuracy, the accuracy of the time interval measurement should be 6.7 ps. Since a single pulse is adequate for the unequivocal determination of distance with centimeter precision and accuracy depends only weakly on ...
... therefore, be reduced by half to give the actual range to the target. To obtain 1 mm accuracy, the accuracy of the time interval measurement should be 6.7 ps. Since a single pulse is adequate for the unequivocal determination of distance with centimeter precision and accuracy depends only weakly on ...
(FT-IR) Microspectroscopic Measurements of Intact Spheres
... only a very small fraction of backscattered light from the sphere, which would then be inefficiently reflected and interact again with the sphere. The results will likely change only by a fraction of a percent in the simulation here, and the effect of the substrate would not be visible, even if it w ...
... only a very small fraction of backscattered light from the sphere, which would then be inefficiently reflected and interact again with the sphere. The results will likely change only by a fraction of a percent in the simulation here, and the effect of the substrate would not be visible, even if it w ...
Optical tweezers
Optical tweezers (originally called ""single-beam gradient force trap"") are scientific instruments that use a highly focused laser beam to provide an attractive or repulsive force (typically on the order of piconewtons), depending on the refractive index mismatch to physically hold and move microscopic dielectric objects similar to tweezers. Optical tweezers have been particularly successful in studying a variety of biological systems in recent years.