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Quantum Gravity: The View From Particle Physics
Quantum Gravity: The View From Particle Physics

... should not ignore the hints from particle physics in our search for quantum gravity! I do not think I need to tell you why a theory of quantum gravity is needed, as some of the key arguments were already reviewed in other talks at this conference. There is now ample evidence that both General Relati ...
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... frame, however, a free particle does not move with constant velocity. Therefore, to use a noninertial frame as though it were an inertial frame, you will have to introduce certain fictitious pseudo-forces to account for the observed accelerations of free particles. Pseudoforces are not real forces, ...
16 Sep 2012
16 Sep 2012

... ("slowness"). Fields such as electric and magnetic fields, that do not interact with the Higgs field, move at lightspeed. Every quantum field has its own "quantum"--its own bundle of energy--that characterizes that field. For the Higgs field, this quantum is called--you guessed it-the Higgs boson! S ...
Higgs_1 - StealthSkater
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... One of the most important discoveries in particle physics of the last 25 years has possibly just been made by experimentalists at CERN, the giant laboratory just outside of Geneva on the border of Switzerland and France. Scientists there think that they have discovered the Higgs field -- also nickna ...
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Non-Equilibrium Dynamics and Physics of the Terascale

... Specifically, the number of flavors follows from demanding stability of RG equations about the fixed-point solution [19]. 3) The gauge hierarchy problem in particle physics refers to the large numerical ...
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The Excitement of Scattering Amplitudes
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here:
here:

... even that portion which is the electroweak synthesis and its empirical triumph. Rather, I shall describe several old threads, mostly overwoven, which are closely related to my own researches. My purpose is not so much to explain who did what when, but to approach the more difficult question of why t ...
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Theory of everything

A theory of everything (ToE) or final theory, ultimate theory, or master theory is a hypothetical single, all-encompassing, coherent theoretical framework of physics that fully explains and links together all physical aspects of the universe. Finding a ToE is one of the major unsolved problems in physics. Over the past few centuries, two theoretical frameworks have been developed that, as a whole, most closely resemble a ToE. The two theories upon which all modern physics rests are general relativity (GR) and quantum field theory (QFT). GR is a theoretical framework that only focuses on the force of gravity for understanding the universe in regions of both large-scale and high-mass: stars, galaxies, clusters of galaxies, etc. On the other hand, QFT is a theoretical framework that only focuses on three non-gravitational forces for understanding the universe in regions of both small scale and low mass: sub-atomic particles, atoms, molecules, etc. QFT successfully implemented the Standard Model and unified the interactions (so-called Grand Unified Theory) between the three non-gravitational forces: weak, strong, and electromagnetic force.Through years of research, physicists have experimentally confirmed with tremendous accuracy virtually every prediction made by these two theories when in their appropriate domains of applicability. In accordance with their findings, scientists also learned that GR and QFT, as they are currently formulated, are mutually incompatible - they cannot both be right. Since the usual domains of applicability of GR and QFT are so different, most situations require that only one of the two theories be used. As it turns out, this incompatibility between GR and QFT is only an apparent issue in regions of extremely small-scale and high-mass, such as those that exist within a black hole or during the beginning stages of the universe (i.e., the moment immediately following the Big Bang). To resolve this conflict, a theoretical framework revealing a deeper underlying reality, unifying gravity with the other three interactions, must be discovered to harmoniously integrate the realms of GR and QFT into a seamless whole: a single theory that, in principle, is capable of describing all phenomena. In pursuit of this goal, quantum gravity has recently become an area of active research.Over the past few decades, a single explanatory framework, called ""string theory"", has emerged that may turn out to be the ultimate theory of the universe. Many physicists believe that, at the beginning of the universe (up to 10−43 seconds after the Big Bang), the four fundamental forces were once a single fundamental force. Unlike most (if not all) other theories, string theory may be on its way to successfully incorporating each of the four fundamental forces into a unified whole. According to string theory, every particle in the universe, at its most microscopic level (Planck length), consists of varying combinations of vibrating strings (or strands) with preferred patterns of vibration. String theory claims that it is through these specific oscillatory patterns of strings that a particle of unique mass and force charge is created (that is to say, the electron is a type of string that vibrates one way, while the up-quark is a type of string vibrating another way, and so forth).Initially, the term theory of everything was used with an ironic connotation to refer to various overgeneralized theories. For example, a grandfather of Ijon Tichy — a character from a cycle of Stanisław Lem's science fiction stories of the 1960s — was known to work on the ""General Theory of Everything"". Physicist John Ellis claims to have introduced the term into the technical literature in an article in Nature in 1986. Over time, the term stuck in popularizations of theoretical physics research.
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