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The NARS-Baja Seismic Array in the Gulf of California Rift Zone
The NARS-Baja Seismic Array in the Gulf of California Rift Zone

... the rift are accessible, and the history of plate interactions in this area is well known. Geophysically, the GofC is largely unexplored. With some notable exceptions, data from earthquake recordings, heat flow measurements, cores and sub-bottom profiling are both sparse and dated. Improved knowledg ...
Long aftershock sequences within continents and implications for
Long aftershock sequences within continents and implications for

1 - Purdue University
1 - Purdue University

... in time. To further enhance the display, the epicenters and volcanic eruptions are plotted with symbols that are scaled according to magnitude of the earthquake or eruption. Further, the epicenter symbols are color-coded to indicate earthquake depth. The earthquake and eruption data are displayed on ...
Seismic Upgrading of Existing Structures
Seismic Upgrading of Existing Structures

... strengthening, but instead a method for achieving seismic upgrade, and often an inappropriate one. As stated by the Structural Engineers Association of California(12-1) (SEAOC), the purpose of earthquake resistance provisions incorporated into the building codes is to maintain public safety in extre ...
Chapter 11 - Wide-angle refraction and reflection - U
Chapter 11 - Wide-angle refraction and reflection - U

... whereas most controlled sources are poor at generating shear waves. The combination of information on compressional wave velocities and shear wave velocities provides much better constraints on lithology than do compressional wave velocities alone, and shear waves are particularly sensitive to the p ...
Unit - mrsmertens
Unit - mrsmertens

... released. When an earthquake occurs, seismic waves travel through the earth and can be measured by a seismograph (see the background section of the Earthquake Fingerprints activity for more information). Most earthquakes (particularly the largest ones) occur at the boundary between two tectonic plat ...
Upper mantle anisotropic structure of the Eastern Alps E. Qorbani, G
Upper mantle anisotropic structure of the Eastern Alps E. Qorbani, G

... Preferred alignment in upper mantle structure develops in response to past/presentday tectonic deformation. Such an alignment causes direction-dependent differences in seismic wave velocities, so called seismic anisotropy. The effect of anisotropy due to upper mantle fabrics can be easily seen in se ...
Satellite thermal infrared anomalies associated with strong
Satellite thermal infrared anomalies associated with strong

... precursors we must also consider geodetic, geological and geomorphologic information about crustal deformation. A better understanding of earthquake physics and an increasing knowledge of spatio-temporal variation of Earth’s crustal process (i.e., seismicity and strain accumulation) would allow scie ...
Magma-compensated crustal thinning in continental rift zones
Magma-compensated crustal thinning in continental rift zones

... the largest continental area on Earth, far from any active plate boundary. Its surface expression is a curved series of 40–80-km-wide graben structures (fault-bounded localized depressions), more than 2,000 km long, at the edge of the Siberian craton. The 660-km-long Lake Baikal in the central part ...
An Alternative Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment Method in
An Alternative Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment Method in

EGU2012-7956
EGU2012-7956

... fault segment. Key points of the explanation are as follows: Starting from the 5th year after the 1973 earthquake, the fault plane in the brittle upper crust, which was once used to be open in the earlier post-seismic stage, has been tending to re-couple and re-lock as a result of gradual increasing ...
N. Ambraseys, "Historical earthquakes in Jerusalem – A
N. Ambraseys, "Historical earthquakes in Jerusalem – A

Unit - rcsnc
Unit - rcsnc

... An earthquake is the shaking that results from stored energy in the Earth that is suddenly released. When an earthquake occurs, seismic waves travel through the earth and can be measured by a seismograph (see the background section of the Earthquake Fingerprints activity for more information). Most ...
Remote sensing imagery for damage assessment of buildings after
Remote sensing imagery for damage assessment of buildings after

Guidelines for Professional Structural Engineering Services for Part
Guidelines for Professional Structural Engineering Services for Part

... Columbia were prepared by the Executive of the Division of Structural Engineers (DSE) , a Division of the Association of Professional Engineers and Geoscientists of British Columbia (APEGBC). The DSE advises the Council of APEGBC on matters related to the practice of structural engineering in Britis ...
AI04703218222
AI04703218222

... analysis of reinforced concrete (RC) buildings with different types of bracing (Diagonal, V type, inverted V type, X type) is studied. The bracing is provided for peripheral columns. A seven-storey (G+6) building is situated at seismic zone III. The building models are analyze by equivalent static a ...
DOC - Journals
DOC - Journals

... A quay wall is a gravity wall structure having the dual functions of providing shore protection against light to moderate wave attack and a berthing face for ships. Although the design of gravity quay walls has been reasonably well understood for static loads, analysis under seismic loads is still i ...
Earthquake-Tsunami in South Jogjakarta Indonesia
Earthquake-Tsunami in South Jogjakarta Indonesia

... The Study area (Figure 1) is situated in the southern coast of Central Java, located in the southern coast of Jogjakarta Special Region (equivalent to provinces), divided from west to east consecutively into three districts, Kulon Progo, Bantul and Gunung Kidul respectively, which stretches along 11 ...
On the earthquake predictability of fault interaction models
On the earthquake predictability of fault interaction models

Earthquakes - McGill University
Earthquakes - McGill University

draft # 13 - Department of Building Inspection
draft # 13 - Department of Building Inspection

... simultaneous sampling of the sensors or of three interconnected individual accelerographs located as required above. In either case, the system shall be digital recording, of a type approved and in use by the CGS or USGS strong motion programs, and meet the following criteria: 1. Sampling rate: 200s ...
Lightweight Ribs for the Strengthening of Single Leaf Vaults
Lightweight Ribs for the Strengthening of Single Leaf Vaults

Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 31
Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland Bulletin 31

... One occurred on the island of Disko in August 2010, the other one was active from January 2008 to June 2009 near the South-East Greenland coast c. 200 km south of Tasiilaq. An earthquake swarm is defined as a series of earthquakes of similar magnitude located within a small area. The magnitude of th ...
Repairing and rebuilding houses affected by the Canterbury
Repairing and rebuilding houses affected by the Canterbury

Variations of phase velocity and gradient values of ULF
Variations of phase velocity and gradient values of ULF

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Earthquake engineering



Earthquake engineering or Seismic engineering is a branch of engineering that searches for ways to make structures, such as buildings and bridges, resistant to earthquake damage. Earthquake engineer, better known as a seismic engineer aim to develop building techniques that will prevent any damage in a minor quake and avoid serious damage or collapse in a major shake. It is the scientific field concerned with protecting society, the natural environment, and the man-made environment from earthquakes by limiting the seismic risk to socio-economically acceptable levels. Traditionally, it has been narrowly defined as the study of the behavior of structures and geo-structures subject to seismic loading; it is considered as a subset of both structural and geotechnical engineering. However, the tremendous costs experienced in recent earthquakes have led to an expansion of its scope to encompass disciplines from the wider field of civil engineering, mechanical engineering and from the social sciences, especially sociology, political science, economics and finance. The main objectives of earthquake engineering are: Foresee the potential consequences of strong earthquakes on urban areas and civil infrastructure. Design, construct and maintain structures to perform at earthquake exposure up to the expectations and in compliance with building codes.A properly engineered structure does not necessarily have to be extremely strong or expensive. It has to be properly designed to withstand the seismic effects while sustaining an acceptable level of damage.
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