Lecture - 04 (Logic Knowledge Base)
... analyst, knowledge engineer) • E.g. processing applications in an insurance company, the range of outcomes for the underwriters’ work took three basic forms: (1) they could approve the policy application, (2) they could deny it or (3) they could counter offer. Yet, not one of the underwriters articu ...
... analyst, knowledge engineer) • E.g. processing applications in an insurance company, the range of outcomes for the underwriters’ work took three basic forms: (1) they could approve the policy application, (2) they could deny it or (3) they could counter offer. Yet, not one of the underwriters articu ...
lecture notes
... Let us consider the following example. Example 1: Read the following “obvious” statements: All Greeks are philosophers. Socrates is a Greek. Therefore, Socrates is a philosopher. This conclusion seems to be perfectly correct, and quite obvious to us. However, we cannot justify it rigorously since we ...
... Let us consider the following example. Example 1: Read the following “obvious” statements: All Greeks are philosophers. Socrates is a Greek. Therefore, Socrates is a philosopher. This conclusion seems to be perfectly correct, and quite obvious to us. However, we cannot justify it rigorously since we ...
Document
... were not previously given at all. What we shall be able to infer from it, cannot be inspected in advance; here, we are not simply taking out of the box again what we have just put into it. The conclusions we draw from it extend our knowledge, and ought therefore, on KANT’s view, to be regarded as sy ...
... were not previously given at all. What we shall be able to infer from it, cannot be inspected in advance; here, we are not simply taking out of the box again what we have just put into it. The conclusions we draw from it extend our knowledge, and ought therefore, on KANT’s view, to be regarded as sy ...
Document
... Tautology: A compound proposition that is always true. Contradiction: A compound proposition that is always false. Contingency: A compound proposition that is neither a tautology nor a contradiction. ...
... Tautology: A compound proposition that is always true. Contradiction: A compound proposition that is always false. Contingency: A compound proposition that is neither a tautology nor a contradiction. ...
Introduction to logic
... constituted the first ‘predicate calculus’. In this formal system, Frege developed an analysis of quantified statements and formalized the notion of a ‘proof’ in terms that are still accepted today. Frege then demonstrated that one could use his system to resolve theoretical mathematical statements ...
... constituted the first ‘predicate calculus’. In this formal system, Frege developed an analysis of quantified statements and formalized the notion of a ‘proof’ in terms that are still accepted today. Frege then demonstrated that one could use his system to resolve theoretical mathematical statements ...
Chapter 5: Methods of Proof for Boolean Logic
... TT-contradictory. This will require some extra footwork in cases in which we have other kinds of contradictions. § 5.4 Arguments with inconsistent premises If a set of premises is inconsistent, any argument having those premises is valid. (If the premises are inconsistent, there is no possible circu ...
... TT-contradictory. This will require some extra footwork in cases in which we have other kinds of contradictions. § 5.4 Arguments with inconsistent premises If a set of premises is inconsistent, any argument having those premises is valid. (If the premises are inconsistent, there is no possible circu ...
Lecture 2
... constants true and false, Boolean variables, which can be associated (only) with the values true and false , and the Boolean operators such as (, , , ˅, ˄). The constants true and false are often called Boolean values, and a Boolean expression is often said to be of type Boolean. • A proposition ...
... constants true and false, Boolean variables, which can be associated (only) with the values true and false , and the Boolean operators such as (, , , ˅, ˄). The constants true and false are often called Boolean values, and a Boolean expression is often said to be of type Boolean. • A proposition ...
![[Ch 3, 4] Logic and Proofs (2) 1. Valid and Invalid Arguments (§2.3](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/014954007_1-d36c768aba23f0b4aa633cb9a2a27ee2-300x300.png)