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Untitled
Untitled

... spheres, concentric spheres, infinite cylinders, cluster of spheres and cluster of cylinders, there are also known series solutions for scattering on ellipsoidal particles. ...
design and analysis of variable gain amplifier with
design and analysis of variable gain amplifier with

... amplifier. Without isolators, fiber amplifiers can be sensitive to back-reflections of the laser. There are optical isolators in input, various other components can be also contained in a commercial fiber amplifier For example, fiber couplers and photo detectors for monitoring optical power level, p ...
SPDM: light microscopy with single
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... are used for this method are fluorescent markers which are chemically modified (e.g. by adding appropriate side groups) in such a way that most of them are initially in an inactive state for the fluorescence excitation at a given wavelength λexc . This state (i.e. a ‘dark’ spectral signature with re ...
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... light can vary from almost –π  to π  by selecting the width of the graphene ribbons as well as the thickness of the dielectric spacing layer, while the amplitude of reflectivity remains high and only shows moderate variations. These two properties allow us to design a variety of planar graphene phot ...
Autofocus for Digital Fresnel Holograms by Use of a Fresnelet
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... times as possible during maximization. We relied on the Matlab implementation fminbnd48, 49 of a derivative-free algorithm due to Brent50 which finds local extrema on a bounded interval. At every iteration, depending on the outcome of a suitable test, it switches from a golden section search (that h ...
Observation of two-photon emission from semiconductors
Observation of two-photon emission from semiconductors

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Coherent x-rays: overview

... – Provide (at the same website) EndNote files of citations for the book list and other references • Later in this session I will give some information about the other talks of the series • This is meant to be informal so please raise questions or comments at any time ESRF Lecture Series on Coherent ...
Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy: nonlocal limitations
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... nontrivial extension of the common LRA Drude model, which, in addition to the usual metal parameters (ωp , τD , etc.), now also carries information about the kinetics of the charge carriers at the Fermi level. The strength of the nonlocal correction to Ohm’s law depends on the Fermi velocity vF , wh ...
Size Influence on the Propagation Loss Induced by Sidewall
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... X-rays are the electromagnetic waves with photon energies between 100 eV (12.4 nm) and 100 keV (0.01 nm). The X-rays with photon energies below and higher than 10 keV (0.12 nm) are called soft and hard X-rays respectively [15]. Soft X-rays are highly absorbed in conventional visible optics while har ...
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Imaging Properties of Laser-Produced Parabolic Profile Microlenses

General equation for the differential pathlength factor of the frontal
General equation for the differential pathlength factor of the frontal

... Abstract. Continuous-wave near-infrared spectroscopy and near-infrared imaging enable the measurement of relative concentration changes in oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin and thus hemodynamics and oxygenation. The accuracy of determined changes depends mainly on the modeling of the light transport through ...
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Lens Aberrations and Ray Tracing 1 Background

... as a function of r and determine A from a comparison to your data. 2. For the theoretically inclined student: For one dimension, derive an expression that describes the wave immediately after the second transmission through the lens. You can use the theory of coherent image formation (see [?], Chapt ...
Holographic Fabrication of Designed Functional Defect Lines in
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On the influence of wind and waves on underwater
On the influence of wind and waves on underwater

... steep seas occur rarely and wave systems with periods bedistinguish the pure wind effects on the light field, we first tween 5 and 9 s and wave heights between 1 and 3 m ocuse the short-wave part of the spectrum only. The spectra apcur most frequently (60 % of all cases). This range is framed ply fo ...
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Nonlinear optics

Nonlinear optics (NLO) is the branch of optics that describes the behavior of light in nonlinear media, that is, media in which the dielectric polarization P responds nonlinearly to the electric field E of the light. This nonlinearity is typically only observed at very high light intensities (values of the electric field comparable to interatomic electric fields, typically 108 V/m) such as those provided by lasers. Above the Schwinger limit, the vacuum itself is expected to become nonlinear. In nonlinear optics, the superposition principle no longer holds.Nonlinear optics remained unexplored until the discovery of Second harmonic generation shortly after demonstration of the first laser. (Peter Franken et al. at University of Michigan in 1961)
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