Chapter 5: Geometrical Optics
... Image: If a cone of rays emitted from a point source S arrives at a certain point P, then P is called the image of S. Diffraction-limited image: The size of the image for a point source is not zero. The limited size of an optical system causes the blur of the image point due to diffraction: ...
... Image: If a cone of rays emitted from a point source S arrives at a certain point P, then P is called the image of S. Diffraction-limited image: The size of the image for a point source is not zero. The limited size of an optical system causes the blur of the image point due to diffraction: ...
Optical Lenses part 2
... F and F’: Both kinds of lenses have two principal focuses. The focal point where the light either comes to a focus or appears to diverge from a focus is given the symbol F, while that on the opposite side is represented by F’ Focal length (f): the distance from the axis of symmetry to the principal ...
... F and F’: Both kinds of lenses have two principal focuses. The focal point where the light either comes to a focus or appears to diverge from a focus is given the symbol F, while that on the opposite side is represented by F’ Focal length (f): the distance from the axis of symmetry to the principal ...
Shaping up LED Chips
... However, little attention has been paid to lateral optical confinement, which depends on the dimensions and geometry of the LED chip. In the highly symmetrical rectangular or square structure, a light ray that is reflected due to total internal reflection at one interface will most likely be reflect ...
... However, little attention has been paid to lateral optical confinement, which depends on the dimensions and geometry of the LED chip. In the highly symmetrical rectangular or square structure, a light ray that is reflected due to total internal reflection at one interface will most likely be reflect ...
el-1
... Light in transparent media Glass and other transparent media transmit light, which travels at different speeds inside of various materials (media). The speed is given in terms of a parameter called the refractive index, denoted by n, of the medium. The wavelength of a light wave inside a medium als ...
... Light in transparent media Glass and other transparent media transmit light, which travels at different speeds inside of various materials (media). The speed is given in terms of a parameter called the refractive index, denoted by n, of the medium. The wavelength of a light wave inside a medium als ...
Depth-of-Focus in Microscopy
... That is, for a given (λ , NA, n, and M) we predict ∆z using the above formula. The basis of this formula is as follows. Consider two light emitting points along the axis of the optical system: one in-focus at position R and one out-of-focus at position R+∆z. Each point produces (according to the Huy ...
... That is, for a given (λ , NA, n, and M) we predict ∆z using the above formula. The basis of this formula is as follows. Consider two light emitting points along the axis of the optical system: one in-focus at position R and one out-of-focus at position R+∆z. Each point produces (according to the Huy ...
Business Unit Fiber Optics Business Unit Fiber Optics Fiberoptic
... the output is to create a “collimated” beam. It is crucial to understand that fibers are not point sources as they have some finite size, and that fibers are typically not low angular field sources, as they have substantial Numerical Apertures (or low f/#s), in comparison to what most optical system ...
... the output is to create a “collimated” beam. It is crucial to understand that fibers are not point sources as they have some finite size, and that fibers are typically not low angular field sources, as they have substantial Numerical Apertures (or low f/#s), in comparison to what most optical system ...
The Wave-Front Aberration Polynomial
... shown below are x2 + y2, x + yand All others are combinations of these. ...
... shown below are x2 + y2, x + yand All others are combinations of these. ...
Interference
... • Light reflects from slightly different places along the surface. An optical path difference is introduced ...
... • Light reflects from slightly different places along the surface. An optical path difference is introduced ...
Sign convention
... 1. A ray through the center of the lens is undeviated 2. An incident ray parallel to the optic axis appears to emerge from the front focal point 3. An incident ray directed towards the back focal point emerges parallel to the optic axis. and occasionally useful 4. Two rays that are parallel in front ...
... 1. A ray through the center of the lens is undeviated 2. An incident ray parallel to the optic axis appears to emerge from the front focal point 3. An incident ray directed towards the back focal point emerges parallel to the optic axis. and occasionally useful 4. Two rays that are parallel in front ...
A solution to Maxwell`s equations in free space
... In a wave, the fields change with time. Therefore the Poynting vector changes too!!The direction is constant, but the magnitude changes from 0 to a maximum ...
... In a wave, the fields change with time. Therefore the Poynting vector changes too!!The direction is constant, but the magnitude changes from 0 to a maximum ...
Optics-Optical Instruments_ppt_RevW10
... objective mirror. The first real image is then viewed with a second short focal length (high diopter power) eyepiece lens • The first real image is brought to the side by means of a small flat mirror so that the eyepiece and observer can be out of the way of the incoming light ...
... objective mirror. The first real image is then viewed with a second short focal length (high diopter power) eyepiece lens • The first real image is brought to the side by means of a small flat mirror so that the eyepiece and observer can be out of the way of the incoming light ...
Extra Credit
... Know what total internal reflection is, what the critical angle is, and how to derive Equation (33-44) for the critical angle: n c sin 1 2 n1 where n1 and n2 are the indices of refraction of the media which form the boundary on which the light is incident. Light is incident in medium 1 and for t ...
... Know what total internal reflection is, what the critical angle is, and how to derive Equation (33-44) for the critical angle: n c sin 1 2 n1 where n1 and n2 are the indices of refraction of the media which form the boundary on which the light is incident. Light is incident in medium 1 and for t ...
a collection of problems about light rays, refraction and rainbows
... “dispersion”. Thus different wavelengths of light have different angles χm where they are brightest, and rainbows get their colour. (i) Estimate the angular width of a rainbow. (ii) Why is a rainbow darkest just outside the blue band? (b) We have considered a drop in the sky at an angle χm to the di ...
... “dispersion”. Thus different wavelengths of light have different angles χm where they are brightest, and rainbows get their colour. (i) Estimate the angular width of a rainbow. (ii) Why is a rainbow darkest just outside the blue band? (b) We have considered a drop in the sky at an angle χm to the di ...
Optics - Tensors for Tots
... superposition of all of the elementary waves. The Huygens wave front is a series of concentric circles originating from the points on a wave front. ...
... superposition of all of the elementary waves. The Huygens wave front is a series of concentric circles originating from the points on a wave front. ...
Wollaston and Nomarski Prisms
... compound plate where the crystallographic optical axis of the first wedge is perpendicular to the optical axis of the second wedge. Incident linearly-polarized wavefronts that enter a prism (oriented with the optical axis at a 45-degree angle to the polarized light) in the condenser aperture are div ...
... compound plate where the crystallographic optical axis of the first wedge is perpendicular to the optical axis of the second wedge. Incident linearly-polarized wavefronts that enter a prism (oriented with the optical axis at a 45-degree angle to the polarized light) in the condenser aperture are div ...
An Optical ‘‘Janus’’ Device for Integrated Photonics By Xiang Zhang*
... only provides the possibility to incorporate very different functions into a single optical element, but it also allows replacing functionalities without influencing the perpendicular propagation direction. Such a design becomes possible because each device demonstrated here utilizes a transformatio ...
... only provides the possibility to incorporate very different functions into a single optical element, but it also allows replacing functionalities without influencing the perpendicular propagation direction. Such a design becomes possible because each device demonstrated here utilizes a transformatio ...
refraction ppt_2010
... Total Internal Reflection • The maximum possible angle of refraction is 90-degrees. • Total internal reflection (TIR) is the phenomenon which involves the reflection of all the incident light off the boundary. TIR only takes place when both of the following two conditions are met: 1. the light is i ...
... Total Internal Reflection • The maximum possible angle of refraction is 90-degrees. • Total internal reflection (TIR) is the phenomenon which involves the reflection of all the incident light off the boundary. TIR only takes place when both of the following two conditions are met: 1. the light is i ...
Engineering Optics and Optical Techniques
... transverse, time-varying electric and magnetic fields. The two amplitude-varying transverse vectors, electric field strength E and magnetic field strength H, oscillate at the right angles to each other in phase and to the direction of propagation. They can be expressed in the form of four fundamenta ...
... transverse, time-varying electric and magnetic fields. The two amplitude-varying transverse vectors, electric field strength E and magnetic field strength H, oscillate at the right angles to each other in phase and to the direction of propagation. They can be expressed in the form of four fundamenta ...
PHYS-321 “Optics” FALL 2016 CRN: 81373
... understanding of the materials under test. Students will receive number grades for each problem: “0” for not attempted, “1” for unsatisfactory, “2” for satisfactory, and “3” for exemplary. Final letter grades will be determined from the total points acquired for each problem using the weighting pres ...
... understanding of the materials under test. Students will receive number grades for each problem: “0” for not attempted, “1” for unsatisfactory, “2” for satisfactory, and “3” for exemplary. Final letter grades will be determined from the total points acquired for each problem using the weighting pres ...