Chapter 11: The Cardiovascular System
... the heart which carries the wave of depolarization over the ventricles causing them to contract from the heart apex toward the atria? a- atrioventricular bundle b- Purkinje fibers c- bundle branches d- atrioventricular node e- sinoatrial node ...
... the heart which carries the wave of depolarization over the ventricles causing them to contract from the heart apex toward the atria? a- atrioventricular bundle b- Purkinje fibers c- bundle branches d- atrioventricular node e- sinoatrial node ...
Abnormal C-ommunication between the Aorta and Left Ventricle
... history and anatomic findings were more compatible with rupture of a congenital aneurysm of a sinus of Valsalva than with an aortico-left ventricular tunnel. Levy et al.' made the point that in their three cases, and in another previously described by Edwards,3 the tunnel originated or joined the as ...
... history and anatomic findings were more compatible with rupture of a congenital aneurysm of a sinus of Valsalva than with an aortico-left ventricular tunnel. Levy et al.' made the point that in their three cases, and in another previously described by Edwards,3 the tunnel originated or joined the as ...
18 - Britton-Hecla School District / Homepage
... 2 Atrioventricular valves close. 3 Papillary muscles contract and chordae tendineae tighten, preventing valve flaps from everting into atria. ...
... 2 Atrioventricular valves close. 3 Papillary muscles contract and chordae tendineae tighten, preventing valve flaps from everting into atria. ...
Congenital Heart Diseases
... from the left to the right ventricle during systole. • This shunt across a high pressure gradient produces a loud pansystolic murmur heard best at the left sternal edge. With a small defect, right ventricular pressure is increased only slightly. • Cardiac catheterization shows entry of oxygenated bl ...
... from the left to the right ventricle during systole. • This shunt across a high pressure gradient produces a loud pansystolic murmur heard best at the left sternal edge. With a small defect, right ventricular pressure is increased only slightly. • Cardiac catheterization shows entry of oxygenated bl ...
Overview: Impact on Life Underwriting:
... valve abnormality may have no significance for a young adult; however, if calcification sets in over the decades, the impact of a heart valve defect may be enhanced. Such processes can have the potential for heart disease earlier in life than otherwise expected. Standard offers are common for many m ...
... valve abnormality may have no significance for a young adult; however, if calcification sets in over the decades, the impact of a heart valve defect may be enhanced. Such processes can have the potential for heart disease earlier in life than otherwise expected. Standard offers are common for many m ...
Auscultation of the Heart
... healthy adults. An S3 can be a normal variant in children and may persist into young adulthood.3 An S3 gallop (also called a ventricular gallop) is frequently a sign of left ventricular failure. The S3 gallop can be heard in patients with any condition resulting in rapid ventricular filling and volu ...
... healthy adults. An S3 can be a normal variant in children and may persist into young adulthood.3 An S3 gallop (also called a ventricular gallop) is frequently a sign of left ventricular failure. The S3 gallop can be heard in patients with any condition resulting in rapid ventricular filling and volu ...
Aortic and Mitral Valve Surgery on the Beating Heart is Lowering
... operation, the same but irregular frequency (50–80) can be observed. We have not faced any serious ventricular arrhythmia (VF, VT), except of occasional PVC – the vital part to prevent ventricular arrhythmia is adequate CS perfusion. The retrograde CS perfusion should always be above 300 ml/min, giv ...
... operation, the same but irregular frequency (50–80) can be observed. We have not faced any serious ventricular arrhythmia (VF, VT), except of occasional PVC – the vital part to prevent ventricular arrhythmia is adequate CS perfusion. The retrograde CS perfusion should always be above 300 ml/min, giv ...
07_01 - Assessment of Cardiovascular System
... pressure in the aorta and pulmonary arteries force the semilunar valves shut (aortic/pulmonic), which is the 2nd sound and diastole (ventricular relaxation) begins. ...
... pressure in the aorta and pulmonary arteries force the semilunar valves shut (aortic/pulmonic), which is the 2nd sound and diastole (ventricular relaxation) begins. ...
(From the Laboratory of Surgical Research of ttarvard Medical
... dividing the ring with fine scissors slipped beneath this covering, thus allowing the support of the valve cusps to bulge outwards and produce an insufficiency. Recently Allen and Graham (5) have used an endoscope carrying a small knife with which the valves can also be divided. Application of such ...
... dividing the ring with fine scissors slipped beneath this covering, thus allowing the support of the valve cusps to bulge outwards and produce an insufficiency. Recently Allen and Graham (5) have used an endoscope carrying a small knife with which the valves can also be divided. Application of such ...
ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE STUDY GUIDE
... IHD occurs when the heart’s muscle is not receiving enough blood, and therefor is not being adequately oxygenated. There are several causes of this that are listed under “Basis for Coronary Perfusion Imbalance”. To expand upon a few of these: 1. Atherosclerosis narrows the lumen of a coronary artery ...
... IHD occurs when the heart’s muscle is not receiving enough blood, and therefor is not being adequately oxygenated. There are several causes of this that are listed under “Basis for Coronary Perfusion Imbalance”. To expand upon a few of these: 1. Atherosclerosis narrows the lumen of a coronary artery ...
Cardiac auscultation - Veterinary Ireland Journal
... loudest over the left cranial heart base but radiating widely around the left hemi-thorax and also to the thoracic inlet and the right hemi-thorax. Audio 05 is a recording of a stenotic murmur. The puppy was reported to be active and growing well with no referable clinical signs. Physical examinatio ...
... loudest over the left cranial heart base but radiating widely around the left hemi-thorax and also to the thoracic inlet and the right hemi-thorax. Audio 05 is a recording of a stenotic murmur. The puppy was reported to be active and growing well with no referable clinical signs. Physical examinatio ...
Phases of the Cardiac Cycle Atrial systole begins: Atrial
... Side Note: Decreased Compliance leads to decreased stretch of the heart. As per Frank Starlings Law this means less force of contraction. With less force of contraction there will be a greater end systolic volume which will cause a decrease stroke volume. Since CO = Stroke Volume X HR a decreased St ...
... Side Note: Decreased Compliance leads to decreased stretch of the heart. As per Frank Starlings Law this means less force of contraction. With less force of contraction there will be a greater end systolic volume which will cause a decrease stroke volume. Since CO = Stroke Volume X HR a decreased St ...
Principles of anatomy and physiology in sport
... 3 The MAXIMUM amount of oxygen the body is able to use in one minute. 5 The type of ‘exchange’ which takes place when blood moves between the lungs and the blood vessels. 6 Technical word for ‘Breathing In’ 7 The total amount of air the lungs can hold 8 Technical word for ‘Breathing Out’ 10 Haemaglo ...
... 3 The MAXIMUM amount of oxygen the body is able to use in one minute. 5 The type of ‘exchange’ which takes place when blood moves between the lungs and the blood vessels. 6 Technical word for ‘Breathing In’ 7 The total amount of air the lungs can hold 8 Technical word for ‘Breathing Out’ 10 Haemaglo ...
Tricuspid Valve Diseases
... method described for mitral stenosis , although the constant of 190 has been proposed of the PHT method . 3/Tricuspid stenosis is considered severe when the mean gradient is 7 mm Hg or more and PHT is 190 milliseconds or longer. ...
... method described for mitral stenosis , although the constant of 190 has been proposed of the PHT method . 3/Tricuspid stenosis is considered severe when the mean gradient is 7 mm Hg or more and PHT is 190 milliseconds or longer. ...
Document
... sustain blood flow to the distal aorta and lower body adequately. • Even then, there tends to be lower body cyanosis, where as the head and arms are unaffected because their blood supply derives from vessels having origins proximal to the ductus. ...
... sustain blood flow to the distal aorta and lower body adequately. • Even then, there tends to be lower body cyanosis, where as the head and arms are unaffected because their blood supply derives from vessels having origins proximal to the ductus. ...
Opening and Closing Characteristics of the Aortic Valve
... follows: (1) a rapid opening, with a velocity of 20.964.2 cm/s in group C, 27.1610.9 cm/s in group B (P5NS), and 58.3618.4 cm/s in group A (group A versus group C, P,0.001; group A versus group B, P50.001); (2) a slow systolic closure, with 12.566.6% and 10.862.2% of maximal opening in groups C and ...
... follows: (1) a rapid opening, with a velocity of 20.964.2 cm/s in group C, 27.1610.9 cm/s in group B (P5NS), and 58.3618.4 cm/s in group A (group A versus group C, P,0.001; group A versus group B, P50.001); (2) a slow systolic closure, with 12.566.6% and 10.862.2% of maximal opening in groups C and ...
Ventricular Septal Defect
... o Normal maturation of pulmonary vascular bed Usually occurs by 2 months of age RV pressure usually drops to ~ 1/3rd to ½ of LV pressure by ~ 2 weeks; however in the presence of a VSD, RV pressure may take longer to decrease. o Allows for development of pulmonary overcirculation Systemic vascu ...
... o Normal maturation of pulmonary vascular bed Usually occurs by 2 months of age RV pressure usually drops to ~ 1/3rd to ½ of LV pressure by ~ 2 weeks; however in the presence of a VSD, RV pressure may take longer to decrease. o Allows for development of pulmonary overcirculation Systemic vascu ...
A 41-year-old Woman With Rheumatic Mitral Stenosis, Atrial
... before the disease is severe enough to become symptomatic. The disease can manifest in any of the three layers of the myocardium, but most often affects the cardiac valves, especially the mitral valve (85% of affected patients). Small nodules known as Aschoff bodies initially form on the valve leafl ...
... before the disease is severe enough to become symptomatic. The disease can manifest in any of the three layers of the myocardium, but most often affects the cardiac valves, especially the mitral valve (85% of affected patients). Small nodules known as Aschoff bodies initially form on the valve leafl ...
Valvular Heart Disease
... Transient (sometimes severe) regurgitation may occur after an MI In cases of persistent severe regurgitation, poor prognosis with or w/o surgery ...
... Transient (sometimes severe) regurgitation may occur after an MI In cases of persistent severe regurgitation, poor prognosis with or w/o surgery ...
Dr Mzoneli - Hybrid operatingTheatres
... in a staged manner or same setting is partially answered by performing CABG and carotid artery stenting in these ‘one stop shops’ for some patients.[10] Transcatheter heart valve replacement The concept of transcatheter replacement of cardiac valves is rapidly growing since the first human percutan ...
... in a staged manner or same setting is partially answered by performing CABG and carotid artery stenting in these ‘one stop shops’ for some patients.[10] Transcatheter heart valve replacement The concept of transcatheter replacement of cardiac valves is rapidly growing since the first human percutan ...
File
... • After 0.3 seconds, ventricular muscle relaxes • Ventricle pressure decreases • Semilunar valves shut, preventing backflow of blood • Blood only fills in cusps of valves • Blood from veins flow into the 2 atria • Blood is at low pressure • Walls of atria expand to accommodate blood (very little res ...
... • After 0.3 seconds, ventricular muscle relaxes • Ventricle pressure decreases • Semilunar valves shut, preventing backflow of blood • Blood only fills in cusps of valves • Blood from veins flow into the 2 atria • Blood is at low pressure • Walls of atria expand to accommodate blood (very little res ...
diagnosis of a congenitally corrected transposition of the great
... because of associated congenital defects or the subsequent development of atrio-ventricular (AV) valvular insufficiency and/or heart block.5 Patients without any associated defects (< 5%) may be asymptomatic until late in adulthood. Dyspnoea and exercise intolerance resulting from systemic ventricul ...
... because of associated congenital defects or the subsequent development of atrio-ventricular (AV) valvular insufficiency and/or heart block.5 Patients without any associated defects (< 5%) may be asymptomatic until late in adulthood. Dyspnoea and exercise intolerance resulting from systemic ventricul ...
Aortic stenosis
Aortic stenosis (AS) is the narrowing of the exit of the left ventricle of the heart such that problems result. It may occur at the aortic valve as well as above and below this level. It typically gets worse over time. Symptoms often come on gradually with a decreased ability to exercise often occurring first. If heart failure, loss of consciousness, or heart related chest pain occurs due to AS the outcomes are worse. Loss of consciousness typically occurs with standing or exercise. Signs of heart failure include shortness of breath especially with lying down, at night, and with exercise as well as swelling of the legs. Thickening of the valve without narrowing is known as aortic sclerosis.Causes include being born with a bicuspid aortic valve and rheumatic fever. A bicuspid aortic valve affects about one to two percent of the population while rheumatic heart disease mostly occurring in the developing world. A normal valve, however, may also harden over the decades. Risk factors are similar to those of coronary artery disease and include smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, and being male. The aortic valve usually has three leaflets and is located between the left ventricle of the heart and the aorta. AS typically results in a heart murmur. Its severity can be divided into mild, moderate, severe, and very severe based on ultrasound of the heart findings.Aortic stenosis is typically followed using repeated ultrasounds. Once it has become severe treatment primarily involves valve replacement surgery with transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) being an option in some who are at high risk from surgery. Valves may either be mechanical or bioprosthetic with each having risks and benefits. Another less invasive procedure, balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) may result in benefit but this is for only for a few months. Complications like heart failure may be treated as per normal in those with mild to moderate AS. In those with severe disease a number of medications should be avoided including ACE inhibitors, nitroglycerin, and some beta blockers. Nitroprusside or phenylephrine may be used in those with decompensated heart failure depending on the blood pressure.Aortic stenosis is the most common valvular heart disease in the developed world. It affects about 2% of people who are over 65 years of age. Estimated rates are not known in most of the developing world as of 2014. In those who have symptoms, without repair, the chance of death at five years is about 50% and at 10 years is about 90%. Aortic stenosis was first described by French physician Lazare Rivière in 1663.