cardiovascular system
... with in pericardium. Placed obliquely behind the body of sternum and adjoining part of costal cartilages. 1/3 of heart lies to the right and 2/3 to the left of median plane of sternum. Heart Measures about 12x9 cm or 5x3 inches (volume/ circumference) and weight about 300g in males and 250g in ...
... with in pericardium. Placed obliquely behind the body of sternum and adjoining part of costal cartilages. 1/3 of heart lies to the right and 2/3 to the left of median plane of sternum. Heart Measures about 12x9 cm or 5x3 inches (volume/ circumference) and weight about 300g in males and 250g in ...
Electrocardiographic Evidence for Left Ventricular Hypertrophy
... wall and the interventricular septum. The papillary muscles and trabeculae are thickened and may reduce the luminal against the anterior leaflets of the mitral valve. This leaflet dimensions of the chambers. In the hypertrophied myocaroften shows endocardial thickening. The obstructive syndium the c ...
... wall and the interventricular septum. The papillary muscles and trabeculae are thickened and may reduce the luminal against the anterior leaflets of the mitral valve. This leaflet dimensions of the chambers. In the hypertrophied myocaroften shows endocardial thickening. The obstructive syndium the c ...
to First Heart Sound and Opening Snap in Patients with Mitral Stenosis
... stopped. After the valve had closed there was no subsequent movement until late in systole, when there was a descent of the mural portion of the annulus toward the left ventricle. This movement continued over two to three frames and terminated before the aortic component (A2) of the second heart sou ...
... stopped. After the valve had closed there was no subsequent movement until late in systole, when there was a descent of the mural portion of the annulus toward the left ventricle. This movement continued over two to three frames and terminated before the aortic component (A2) of the second heart sou ...
Congenitally Corrected Transposition of the Great Arteries (CCTGA)
... age with no or few problems. On the other hand, some babies born with CCTGA die in infancy. Many people diagnosed with CCTGA have no or few symptoms as children and young adults, but develop more problems as they age. There are three common problem areas: • Heart rhythm problems Almost everyone born ...
... age with no or few problems. On the other hand, some babies born with CCTGA die in infancy. Many people diagnosed with CCTGA have no or few symptoms as children and young adults, but develop more problems as they age. There are three common problem areas: • Heart rhythm problems Almost everyone born ...
transesophageal echocardiography
... of maneuvers (fig 5). The shaft of the probe may be advanced into or withdrawn from the esophagus and turned to the right (clockwise) or to the left (anticlockwise). The tip of the probe may be anteflexed (anteriorly) or retroflexed (posteriorly) by rotating the large control wheel on the handle of ...
... of maneuvers (fig 5). The shaft of the probe may be advanced into or withdrawn from the esophagus and turned to the right (clockwise) or to the left (anticlockwise). The tip of the probe may be anteflexed (anteriorly) or retroflexed (posteriorly) by rotating the large control wheel on the handle of ...
Long Eustachian valve interfering with the access to coronary sinus
... A 63-year-old woman with congestive heart failure presented with the complaints of dyspnea at rest, abdominal distention and swelling in the legs. She was on angiotensin receptor blocker, beta- blocker, diuretic, digoxin and spironolactone therapy. Although her medical therapy was optimized six mont ...
... A 63-year-old woman with congestive heart failure presented with the complaints of dyspnea at rest, abdominal distention and swelling in the legs. She was on angiotensin receptor blocker, beta- blocker, diuretic, digoxin and spironolactone therapy. Although her medical therapy was optimized six mont ...
Heart anatomy of Giraffa camelopardalis rothschildi: a case report
... 1975; Deniz et al., 2004). They were composed of muscle tissue in various proportions in human and dog hearts, and of connective and conductive tissue in sheep and goat hearts (Deniz et al., 2004). According to Truex and Warshaw (1942) they contain bundles of fibres derived from the left branch of t ...
... 1975; Deniz et al., 2004). They were composed of muscle tissue in various proportions in human and dog hearts, and of connective and conductive tissue in sheep and goat hearts (Deniz et al., 2004). According to Truex and Warshaw (1942) they contain bundles of fibres derived from the left branch of t ...
What is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)?
... What is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)? Cardiomyopathy is a general term describing any condition in which the heart muscle is structurally and functionally abnormal (the heart itself is, of course, a specialized type of muscle). While there are many types of cardiomyopathy, many of which are gen ...
... What is hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM)? Cardiomyopathy is a general term describing any condition in which the heart muscle is structurally and functionally abnormal (the heart itself is, of course, a specialized type of muscle). While there are many types of cardiomyopathy, many of which are gen ...
growth and development
... which branches shortly after arising from the heart to give rise to the pulmonary artery and aorta. ...
... which branches shortly after arising from the heart to give rise to the pulmonary artery and aorta. ...
15604-54726-1
... discuss the 9 patients who were misdiagnosed by TTE. All patients were performed with Philip IE33 echocardiograph.6 were males and 3 were females. There were 6 women and 3 men, aged between 3 and 45 (mean 16.5). Auscultation revealed continuous murmur along the left sternal border in all patients, T ...
... discuss the 9 patients who were misdiagnosed by TTE. All patients were performed with Philip IE33 echocardiograph.6 were males and 3 were females. There were 6 women and 3 men, aged between 3 and 45 (mean 16.5). Auscultation revealed continuous murmur along the left sternal border in all patients, T ...
Cyanotic Heart Disease
... hemodynamics, Swan-Ganz catheterization before active labor facilitates optimization of the hemodynamics and should be continued for at least 24 hours after delivery, when pulmonary edema commonly occurs. ...
... hemodynamics, Swan-Ganz catheterization before active labor facilitates optimization of the hemodynamics and should be continued for at least 24 hours after delivery, when pulmonary edema commonly occurs. ...
Structure - Reocities
... NB : The apex is palpated during systole, exactly at isometric contraction phase 3- Thrill : Palpable murmur. Diastolic : MS Systolic : MR Any thrill over the heart is systolic except MS which is diastolic. ...
... NB : The apex is palpated during systole, exactly at isometric contraction phase 3- Thrill : Palpable murmur. Diastolic : MS Systolic : MR Any thrill over the heart is systolic except MS which is diastolic. ...
Patient Transport
... elective or urgent, hemodynamically stable patients with severe coronary artery disease and depressed left ventricular ejection fraction, when a heart team, including a cardiac surgeon, has determined high risk PCI is the appropriate therapeutic option. Use of the Impella® 2.5 in these patients may ...
... elective or urgent, hemodynamically stable patients with severe coronary artery disease and depressed left ventricular ejection fraction, when a heart team, including a cardiac surgeon, has determined high risk PCI is the appropriate therapeutic option. Use of the Impella® 2.5 in these patients may ...
Chemistry Problem Solving Drill
... With coarctation of the aorta symptoms include high blood pressure in the upper extremities and low blood pressure in the lower extremities. Chest x-ray changes may include notching on the lower ribs, left ventricular hypertrophy, and dilatation of the aorta proximal to the stricture. C. Correct! Th ...
... With coarctation of the aorta symptoms include high blood pressure in the upper extremities and low blood pressure in the lower extremities. Chest x-ray changes may include notching on the lower ribs, left ventricular hypertrophy, and dilatation of the aorta proximal to the stricture. C. Correct! Th ...
Congenital Corrected Transposition of the Great Vessels in a 58
... with a history of dizzy spells for the past 14 years. These spells were increasing in number and severity two months prior to admission. A heart murmur was noted to be present for a number of years associated with the "electrocardiographic abnormalities." The patient was informed that he had narrowi ...
... with a history of dizzy spells for the past 14 years. These spells were increasing in number and severity two months prior to admission. A heart murmur was noted to be present for a number of years associated with the "electrocardiographic abnormalities." The patient was informed that he had narrowi ...
Valvular Heart Disease
... • The leaflets are smaller and thicker than the AV valves • Openings are smaller than the AV valves • The velocity of ejected blood is higher than AV valves. ...
... • The leaflets are smaller and thicker than the AV valves • Openings are smaller than the AV valves • The velocity of ejected blood is higher than AV valves. ...
Editorial Comment – The Challenge of Assessing Heart Valve
... of Doppler data and their use for accurate detection of prosthesis malfunction even more complicated.7 Furthermore, the lack of a flat velocity profile and the central high velocities described above cause erroneous calculations of valve areas when the continuity equation incorporates such measureme ...
... of Doppler data and their use for accurate detection of prosthesis malfunction even more complicated.7 Furthermore, the lack of a flat velocity profile and the central high velocities described above cause erroneous calculations of valve areas when the continuity equation incorporates such measureme ...
Cardiology Review
... The heart contracts better, but filling is impaired by relaxation abnormalities. Subaortic obstruction may occur. Often seen in IDMs is thought to be due to hyperinsulinemia. Ventricular septum wall is usually more hypertrophied. CHF can develop as well as gallops & systolic murmur along LSB ...
... The heart contracts better, but filling is impaired by relaxation abnormalities. Subaortic obstruction may occur. Often seen in IDMs is thought to be due to hyperinsulinemia. Ventricular septum wall is usually more hypertrophied. CHF can develop as well as gallops & systolic murmur along LSB ...
pdf Melody Commonly Billed Codes
... testing of the Melody valve suggests that valve function and durability will be extremely limited when used in these locations. • DO NOT use if patient’s anatomy precludes introduction of the valve, if the venous anatomy cannot accommodate a 22-Fr size introducer, or if there is significant obstruc ...
... testing of the Melody valve suggests that valve function and durability will be extremely limited when used in these locations. • DO NOT use if patient’s anatomy precludes introduction of the valve, if the venous anatomy cannot accommodate a 22-Fr size introducer, or if there is significant obstruc ...
234 Electrocardio
... Read through all of the following passage and then fill in the spaces with the most appropriate word or words. The cardiac cycle is initiated and controlled by the heart itself. Cardiac muscle is said to be ......................... since it will contract and relax of its own accord. The beat is ini ...
... Read through all of the following passage and then fill in the spaces with the most appropriate word or words. The cardiac cycle is initiated and controlled by the heart itself. Cardiac muscle is said to be ......................... since it will contract and relax of its own accord. The beat is ini ...
High-pressure balloon angioplasty of coronary sinus vein
... high-pressure inflation without complication. Other authors have reported the use of cutting balloon angioplasty to facilitate the placement of coronary sinus lead.2 Interventions to the coronary sinus have been reported to improve the shortterm implant success and long-term stability of the coronary ...
... high-pressure inflation without complication. Other authors have reported the use of cutting balloon angioplasty to facilitate the placement of coronary sinus lead.2 Interventions to the coronary sinus have been reported to improve the shortterm implant success and long-term stability of the coronary ...
Aortic valve sclerosis is associated with the extent of coronary artery
... without significant restriction of motion. The SYNTAX Score (SS) is an important method for evaluating coronary artery disease (CAD). Many studies showed that there is an important relation between the SS and undesired cardiac outcomes. In our study, we investigated the correlation between the SS an ...
... without significant restriction of motion. The SYNTAX Score (SS) is an important method for evaluating coronary artery disease (CAD). Many studies showed that there is an important relation between the SS and undesired cardiac outcomes. In our study, we investigated the correlation between the SS an ...
Sudden cardiac death in apparently norma
... Congenital aortic valve stenosis Aortic dissection (Marfan syndrome) ...
... Congenital aortic valve stenosis Aortic dissection (Marfan syndrome) ...
Cardiology Review
... 1. Infants with Tetralogy of Fallot who experience “hypoxic tet spells” are placed in knee chest position in order to: a. Increase the left to right shunting b. Increase the systemic vascular resistance c. Decrease the systemic vascular resistance 2. A 3-month-old with Down syndrome exhibits poor we ...
... 1. Infants with Tetralogy of Fallot who experience “hypoxic tet spells” are placed in knee chest position in order to: a. Increase the left to right shunting b. Increase the systemic vascular resistance c. Decrease the systemic vascular resistance 2. A 3-month-old with Down syndrome exhibits poor we ...
Aortic stenosis
Aortic stenosis (AS) is the narrowing of the exit of the left ventricle of the heart such that problems result. It may occur at the aortic valve as well as above and below this level. It typically gets worse over time. Symptoms often come on gradually with a decreased ability to exercise often occurring first. If heart failure, loss of consciousness, or heart related chest pain occurs due to AS the outcomes are worse. Loss of consciousness typically occurs with standing or exercise. Signs of heart failure include shortness of breath especially with lying down, at night, and with exercise as well as swelling of the legs. Thickening of the valve without narrowing is known as aortic sclerosis.Causes include being born with a bicuspid aortic valve and rheumatic fever. A bicuspid aortic valve affects about one to two percent of the population while rheumatic heart disease mostly occurring in the developing world. A normal valve, however, may also harden over the decades. Risk factors are similar to those of coronary artery disease and include smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, and being male. The aortic valve usually has three leaflets and is located between the left ventricle of the heart and the aorta. AS typically results in a heart murmur. Its severity can be divided into mild, moderate, severe, and very severe based on ultrasound of the heart findings.Aortic stenosis is typically followed using repeated ultrasounds. Once it has become severe treatment primarily involves valve replacement surgery with transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) being an option in some who are at high risk from surgery. Valves may either be mechanical or bioprosthetic with each having risks and benefits. Another less invasive procedure, balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) may result in benefit but this is for only for a few months. Complications like heart failure may be treated as per normal in those with mild to moderate AS. In those with severe disease a number of medications should be avoided including ACE inhibitors, nitroglycerin, and some beta blockers. Nitroprusside or phenylephrine may be used in those with decompensated heart failure depending on the blood pressure.Aortic stenosis is the most common valvular heart disease in the developed world. It affects about 2% of people who are over 65 years of age. Estimated rates are not known in most of the developing world as of 2014. In those who have symptoms, without repair, the chance of death at five years is about 50% and at 10 years is about 90%. Aortic stenosis was first described by French physician Lazare Rivière in 1663.