Validation of echocardiographic methods for assessing left
... methods for assessing left ventricular dysfunction in rats with myocardial infarction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 287: H2049 – H2053, 2004; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00393.2004.—The rat infarct model is widely used in heart failure research, but few echocardiographic indexes of left ventricular (LV) ...
... methods for assessing left ventricular dysfunction in rats with myocardial infarction. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 287: H2049 – H2053, 2004; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00393.2004.—The rat infarct model is widely used in heart failure research, but few echocardiographic indexes of left ventricular (LV) ...
Left Ventricular Function Described in Physical Terms
... maximal acceleration would be very high, e.g., 3(10) 3 cm./sec.2 during exercise. If the flow profile were parabolic, the axial stream would be accelerated even more rapidly-—at about twice that rate. Since turbulence develops during peak flow velocities in the aorta, the true value for maximal line ...
... maximal acceleration would be very high, e.g., 3(10) 3 cm./sec.2 during exercise. If the flow profile were parabolic, the axial stream would be accelerated even more rapidly-—at about twice that rate. Since turbulence develops during peak flow velocities in the aorta, the true value for maximal line ...
Standardized cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR
... 2. Injection rates are different for 1 molar contrast agents. As a general rule, divide the given injection rates by a factor of 2. 3. Contrast agents with higher relaxivity (e.g., gadobenate dimeglumine) require smaller doses. 4. Throughout the protocols, the term "gadolinium" refers to gadolinium ...
... 2. Injection rates are different for 1 molar contrast agents. As a general rule, divide the given injection rates by a factor of 2. 3. Contrast agents with higher relaxivity (e.g., gadobenate dimeglumine) require smaller doses. 4. Throughout the protocols, the term "gadolinium" refers to gadolinium ...
Continuous Flow Left ventricular Assist Device
... identify atrial level communication with color Doppler imaging of the interatrial septum, or in the apical windows following intravenous administration of agitated saline [25]. The appearance of agitated saline bubbles in the left heart chambers within three beats or less of their appearance in the ...
... identify atrial level communication with color Doppler imaging of the interatrial septum, or in the apical windows following intravenous administration of agitated saline [25]. The appearance of agitated saline bubbles in the left heart chambers within three beats or less of their appearance in the ...
The examination of the normal fetal heart using two
... and is abnormal in many heart defects, especially those involving the great vessels. Analysis of the heart size is important in order to distinguish between cardiomegaly, generally due to atrioventricular valve insufficiency associated with right atrium dilatation, and the normal heart in a small th ...
... and is abnormal in many heart defects, especially those involving the great vessels. Analysis of the heart size is important in order to distinguish between cardiomegaly, generally due to atrioventricular valve insufficiency associated with right atrium dilatation, and the normal heart in a small th ...
transcatheter aortic valve replacement patient guide
... Sometimes, these hardworking valves can run into problems that can cause issues with blood flow and threaten overall health. Stenosis, more specifically aortic stenosis (AS), is a narrowing of the aortic valve opening. It can be caused by age, genetic predisposition, rheumatic fever, radiation and/o ...
... Sometimes, these hardworking valves can run into problems that can cause issues with blood flow and threaten overall health. Stenosis, more specifically aortic stenosis (AS), is a narrowing of the aortic valve opening. It can be caused by age, genetic predisposition, rheumatic fever, radiation and/o ...
Abstract - University of Canterbury
... Valvular dysfunction is a relatively common and costly heart disease, typically requiring mechanical valve replacement. It has two primary forms, stenosis and regurgitation. Mitral stenosis is the abnormal narrowing of the mitral valve, which slows blood flow and is the only heart disease that is ca ...
... Valvular dysfunction is a relatively common and costly heart disease, typically requiring mechanical valve replacement. It has two primary forms, stenosis and regurgitation. Mitral stenosis is the abnormal narrowing of the mitral valve, which slows blood flow and is the only heart disease that is ca ...
THE CARDIAC CYCLE
... relax, even though the ventricular volume does not change, giving rise to the period of Isovolumic or isometric relaxation. The intraventricular pressures decrease rapidly back to their low diastolic levels. Then the A-V valves open to begin a new cycle of ventricular pumping. ...
... relax, even though the ventricular volume does not change, giving rise to the period of Isovolumic or isometric relaxation. The intraventricular pressures decrease rapidly back to their low diastolic levels. Then the A-V valves open to begin a new cycle of ventricular pumping. ...
Ch_21_lecture_presentation
... Internal Anatomy and Organization of the Heart • The Right Ventricle • The right AV valve is connected to papillary muscles via chordae tendineae • Since there are three cusps to the valve, the chordae tendineae are connected to three papillary muscles • Papillary muscles and chordae tendineae prev ...
... Internal Anatomy and Organization of the Heart • The Right Ventricle • The right AV valve is connected to papillary muscles via chordae tendineae • Since there are three cusps to the valve, the chordae tendineae are connected to three papillary muscles • Papillary muscles and chordae tendineae prev ...
Variations of Left Ventricular End-Diastolic Pressure, Volume, and
... a 20-cm nylon catheter whose tip was positioned in the abdominal aorta via a 17-gauge needle in the left femoral artery. In four dogs, a Statham catheter tip manometer (model SF1) was advanced from the right carotid artery into the left ventricle for continuous pressure recording. In these animals, ...
... a 20-cm nylon catheter whose tip was positioned in the abdominal aorta via a 17-gauge needle in the left femoral artery. In four dogs, a Statham catheter tip manometer (model SF1) was advanced from the right carotid artery into the left ventricle for continuous pressure recording. In these animals, ...
Full Text
... normal epicardial coronary arteries and left ventricular angiography showed moderate degree of mitral insufficiency. After explaining the available treatment options with the patient, he was taken up for percutaneous closure of the defect. ...
... normal epicardial coronary arteries and left ventricular angiography showed moderate degree of mitral insufficiency. After explaining the available treatment options with the patient, he was taken up for percutaneous closure of the defect. ...
of kazakh state medical academy
... are observed. Such characteristics show development of rheumatic fever from the onset to end of disease with functional failure of the most affected organ- the heart. Rheumatic polyarthritis Rheumatic polyarthritis is present in as many as 75% of cases and it is the cardinal diagnostic criteria of p ...
... are observed. Such characteristics show development of rheumatic fever from the onset to end of disease with functional failure of the most affected organ- the heart. Rheumatic polyarthritis Rheumatic polyarthritis is present in as many as 75% of cases and it is the cardinal diagnostic criteria of p ...
Cardiac murmurs - Stiftung Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover
... sensation against the hand when palpating the cardiac area of a dog with a very strong cardiac murmur with its vibrations being transmitted even to the thoracic wall. These descriptions cannot be applied when simply listening to the digitalized heart sounds off-line without examining the patient. Ho ...
... sensation against the hand when palpating the cardiac area of a dog with a very strong cardiac murmur with its vibrations being transmitted even to the thoracic wall. These descriptions cannot be applied when simply listening to the digitalized heart sounds off-line without examining the patient. Ho ...
A Simple Guide to Thoracic Aortic Surgery
... Many connective tissue diseases that involve the aorta lead to the early development of aneurysms (see page 13). Patients with these diseases, in turn, are more likely to experience the complications associated with aneurysms (dissection and rupture) (see pages 16 and 19). As a result these patients ...
... Many connective tissue diseases that involve the aorta lead to the early development of aneurysms (see page 13). Patients with these diseases, in turn, are more likely to experience the complications associated with aneurysms (dissection and rupture) (see pages 16 and 19). As a result these patients ...
PDF
... only 10% of the cardiac output. but after birth with ductal closure, a variety of haemodynamic effects can occur, depending on the severity of the obstruction. Clinical outcome varies from mild systemic hypertension to serious heart failure and death. the clinical manifestations are variable and so ...
... only 10% of the cardiac output. but after birth with ductal closure, a variety of haemodynamic effects can occur, depending on the severity of the obstruction. Clinical outcome varies from mild systemic hypertension to serious heart failure and death. the clinical manifestations are variable and so ...
A Simple Guide to Thoracic Aortic Surgery
... and developmental defects that are congenital but not classically inherited (e.g. bicuspid aortic valve, see page 25). This is important for medical consulTypical features of Marfan syndrome ...
... and developmental defects that are congenital but not classically inherited (e.g. bicuspid aortic valve, see page 25). This is important for medical consulTypical features of Marfan syndrome ...
Emergency coronary stenting of unprotected critical left main
... despite receiving large doses of intravenous diuretics and renal dose inotropes in the interim period. She was taken directly to the catheter suite where angiography with an intra-aortic balloon pump support showed a critically stenosed ostial left coronary artery lesion with diffuse left anterior d ...
... despite receiving large doses of intravenous diuretics and renal dose inotropes in the interim period. She was taken directly to the catheter suite where angiography with an intra-aortic balloon pump support showed a critically stenosed ostial left coronary artery lesion with diffuse left anterior d ...
Functional Anatomy of the Heart of Reptiles Fred N. White
... returns within the ventricle. Mathur (1944) recognized two major ventricular subdivisions: (1) the dorsal cavitation into which the atrioventricular orifices empty and from which the right and left aortic arches arise—this he termed cavum dorsale; (2) the ventral cavity bounded by a muscular ridge o ...
... returns within the ventricle. Mathur (1944) recognized two major ventricular subdivisions: (1) the dorsal cavitation into which the atrioventricular orifices empty and from which the right and left aortic arches arise—this he termed cavum dorsale; (2) the ventral cavity bounded by a muscular ridge o ...
Patient-Specific Modeling and Analysis of the Mitral Valve Using 3D
... gradient magnitudes, and values close to 1 for small gradient magnitudes. This gradient-based definition of g(.) might be unsuitable for echocardiography images with limited contrast. However, we have found that transesophageal echocardiography imaging, which allows a direct ‘view’ into the left hea ...
... gradient magnitudes, and values close to 1 for small gradient magnitudes. This gradient-based definition of g(.) might be unsuitable for echocardiography images with limited contrast. However, we have found that transesophageal echocardiography imaging, which allows a direct ‘view’ into the left hea ...
Ventricular Arrhythmias in Adult Aortic Stenosis
... cardiac problem in the elderly. When patients with moderate to severe aortic stenosis become symptomatic, the prognosis is usually poor in absence of valve replacement and sudden death is a feared complication. It has been hypothesized that malignant ventricular arrhythmias could be responsible for ...
... cardiac problem in the elderly. When patients with moderate to severe aortic stenosis become symptomatic, the prognosis is usually poor in absence of valve replacement and sudden death is a feared complication. It has been hypothesized that malignant ventricular arrhythmias could be responsible for ...
EAE/ASE recommendations for clinical practice
... cusps. Rheumatic disease nearly always affects the mitral valve first, so that rheumatic aortic valve disease is accompanied by rheumatic mitral valve changes. Subvalvular or supravalvular stenosis is distinguished from valvular stenosis based on the site of the increase in velocity seen with colour ...
... cusps. Rheumatic disease nearly always affects the mitral valve first, so that rheumatic aortic valve disease is accompanied by rheumatic mitral valve changes. Subvalvular or supravalvular stenosis is distinguished from valvular stenosis based on the site of the increase in velocity seen with colour ...
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... long-term follow-up data for this technique are rare. In the present study, we analyzed 890 cases of pmVSDs in our hospital and performed transcatheter interventional therapy to determine the effective prevention and management of the complications of this therapy. ...
... long-term follow-up data for this technique are rare. In the present study, we analyzed 890 cases of pmVSDs in our hospital and performed transcatheter interventional therapy to determine the effective prevention and management of the complications of this therapy. ...
Nonsurgical pulmonary valve replacement: Why, when, and how?
... has been treated by balloon dilatation with early and late results; however, treatment for valvular regurgitation has remained surgical until now. Most new designs have been investigated for implantation of valves in the left or right ventricular outflow tracts. Patients with surgery on the right ven ...
... has been treated by balloon dilatation with early and late results; however, treatment for valvular regurgitation has remained surgical until now. Most new designs have been investigated for implantation of valves in the left or right ventricular outflow tracts. Patients with surgery on the right ven ...
Echocardiographic assessment of valve stenosis
... patients (green); and (3) not recommended for clinical use (blue). VR, velocity ratio; TVI, time–velocity integral; LVOT, LV outflow tract; AS, AS jet; TTE and TEE, transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography; SWL, stroke work loss; DP, mean transvalvular systolic pressure gradient; SBP, systo ...
... patients (green); and (3) not recommended for clinical use (blue). VR, velocity ratio; TVI, time–velocity integral; LVOT, LV outflow tract; AS, AS jet; TTE and TEE, transthoracic and transesophageal echocardiography; SWL, stroke work loss; DP, mean transvalvular systolic pressure gradient; SBP, systo ...
infective endocarditis at bicuspid aortic valve complicated with
... care providers. We report a 33-year-old man who initially presented with fever, exertional dyspnea, heart murmur and transient focal neurologic deficit. Infective endocarditis over bicuspid aortic valve with severe aortic regurgitation and acute pulmonary edema was diagnosed. Five days after admissi ...
... care providers. We report a 33-year-old man who initially presented with fever, exertional dyspnea, heart murmur and transient focal neurologic deficit. Infective endocarditis over bicuspid aortic valve with severe aortic regurgitation and acute pulmonary edema was diagnosed. Five days after admissi ...
Aortic stenosis
Aortic stenosis (AS) is the narrowing of the exit of the left ventricle of the heart such that problems result. It may occur at the aortic valve as well as above and below this level. It typically gets worse over time. Symptoms often come on gradually with a decreased ability to exercise often occurring first. If heart failure, loss of consciousness, or heart related chest pain occurs due to AS the outcomes are worse. Loss of consciousness typically occurs with standing or exercise. Signs of heart failure include shortness of breath especially with lying down, at night, and with exercise as well as swelling of the legs. Thickening of the valve without narrowing is known as aortic sclerosis.Causes include being born with a bicuspid aortic valve and rheumatic fever. A bicuspid aortic valve affects about one to two percent of the population while rheumatic heart disease mostly occurring in the developing world. A normal valve, however, may also harden over the decades. Risk factors are similar to those of coronary artery disease and include smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, and being male. The aortic valve usually has three leaflets and is located between the left ventricle of the heart and the aorta. AS typically results in a heart murmur. Its severity can be divided into mild, moderate, severe, and very severe based on ultrasound of the heart findings.Aortic stenosis is typically followed using repeated ultrasounds. Once it has become severe treatment primarily involves valve replacement surgery with transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) being an option in some who are at high risk from surgery. Valves may either be mechanical or bioprosthetic with each having risks and benefits. Another less invasive procedure, balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) may result in benefit but this is for only for a few months. Complications like heart failure may be treated as per normal in those with mild to moderate AS. In those with severe disease a number of medications should be avoided including ACE inhibitors, nitroglycerin, and some beta blockers. Nitroprusside or phenylephrine may be used in those with decompensated heart failure depending on the blood pressure.Aortic stenosis is the most common valvular heart disease in the developed world. It affects about 2% of people who are over 65 years of age. Estimated rates are not known in most of the developing world as of 2014. In those who have symptoms, without repair, the chance of death at five years is about 50% and at 10 years is about 90%. Aortic stenosis was first described by French physician Lazare Rivière in 1663.