Minimally invasive and transcatheter techniques in high
... patients Minimally invasive procedures have become pivotal in cardiac surgery, especially for the ever-increasing group of high-risk patients. These procedures are defined by the surgical access and/or the avoidance of cardiopulmonary bypass. Both of these aspects have been shown to be beneficial fo ...
... patients Minimally invasive procedures have become pivotal in cardiac surgery, especially for the ever-increasing group of high-risk patients. These procedures are defined by the surgical access and/or the avoidance of cardiopulmonary bypass. Both of these aspects have been shown to be beneficial fo ...
Coarctation of the aorta Interrupted aortic arch
... the blockage to the pulmonary artery. If the stenosis is severe, there will be a lack of blood flow to the lungs and the baby can become cyanotic. The condition requires treatment when the pressure in the right ventricle is high. In aortic stenosis, the aortic valve also can become narrowed, requiri ...
... the blockage to the pulmonary artery. If the stenosis is severe, there will be a lack of blood flow to the lungs and the baby can become cyanotic. The condition requires treatment when the pressure in the right ventricle is high. In aortic stenosis, the aortic valve also can become narrowed, requiri ...
Tricuspid Valve
... o Secondary to: Other lesions, such as severe stenosis or atresia of the RV outflow tract Intrauterine or perinatal event resulting in RV and papillary muscle dysfunction Surgical complication or residual lesion such as AVSD Systemic RV dysfunction and tricuspid valve regurgitation in previo ...
... o Secondary to: Other lesions, such as severe stenosis or atresia of the RV outflow tract Intrauterine or perinatal event resulting in RV and papillary muscle dysfunction Surgical complication or residual lesion such as AVSD Systemic RV dysfunction and tricuspid valve regurgitation in previo ...
Should right heart catheterization be realized in patients with a
... failure and moderate left ventricular dysfunction because of valvular heat disease, without segmen tal wall motion abnormalities. He was young, without cardiovascular risk factor and presented a stage 3 chronic kidney disease. Consequently, the indication of coronary angiography was not retained an ...
... failure and moderate left ventricular dysfunction because of valvular heat disease, without segmen tal wall motion abnormalities. He was young, without cardiovascular risk factor and presented a stage 3 chronic kidney disease. Consequently, the indication of coronary angiography was not retained an ...
Heart Activities
... (a) longer with inspiration than with expiration. (b) longer with expiration than with inspiration. (c) the same length during inspiration and expiration. (d) of variable lengths during inspiration and expiration. Answer: c Rationale: The adjective “fixed” refers to the length being unchanged throug ...
... (a) longer with inspiration than with expiration. (b) longer with expiration than with inspiration. (c) the same length during inspiration and expiration. (d) of variable lengths during inspiration and expiration. Answer: c Rationale: The adjective “fixed” refers to the length being unchanged throug ...
Heart-structure-and-function-teacher-2003
... The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to the body via the aorta ...
... The left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to the body via the aorta ...
UKRAINIAN MINISTRY OF HEALTH CARE
... recommends starting with a thiazide diuretic if single therapy is being initiated and another medication is not indicated.[1] This is based on a slightly better outcome for chlortalidone in the ALLHAT study versus other anti-hypertensives and because thiazide diuretics are relatively cheap.[6] A sub ...
... recommends starting with a thiazide diuretic if single therapy is being initiated and another medication is not indicated.[1] This is based on a slightly better outcome for chlortalidone in the ALLHAT study versus other anti-hypertensives and because thiazide diuretics are relatively cheap.[6] A sub ...
Congenital anomalies of the aorta and vena cava
... anomalies and associated anatomic variations (1). Conventional angiography (CA) is considered the gold standard and is frequently used in vascular imaging. Nevertheless, because of the invasive nature and complications of CA, noninvasive methods such as magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and compu ...
... anomalies and associated anatomic variations (1). Conventional angiography (CA) is considered the gold standard and is frequently used in vascular imaging. Nevertheless, because of the invasive nature and complications of CA, noninvasive methods such as magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and compu ...
Congenital heart diseases Simple complement 1. The most
... E. Tetralogy of Fallot 2. CHD with left-right shunt are the follows, except: A. Ventricular septal defect (VSD) B. Atrial septal defect (ASD) C. Tetralogy of Fallot D. Atrioventricular septal defect E. Patent ductus arteriosus 3. CHD with decreased pulmonary flow is: A. ASD B. Tetralogy of Fallot C. ...
... E. Tetralogy of Fallot 2. CHD with left-right shunt are the follows, except: A. Ventricular septal defect (VSD) B. Atrial septal defect (ASD) C. Tetralogy of Fallot D. Atrioventricular septal defect E. Patent ductus arteriosus 3. CHD with decreased pulmonary flow is: A. ASD B. Tetralogy of Fallot C. ...
Clinical Significance of the Acoustic Detection of Coronary Artery
... （400−1,500 Hz）and subjected to frequency analysis using the maximum entropy method. The ratio of heart sound amplitudes within the 400−700 Hz band to those within the 400−1,500 Hz band was designated as the power ratio. Results. The relationship between the degree of stenosis and the stenosis sounds ...
... （400−1,500 Hz）and subjected to frequency analysis using the maximum entropy method. The ratio of heart sound amplitudes within the 400−700 Hz band to those within the 400−1,500 Hz band was designated as the power ratio. Results. The relationship between the degree of stenosis and the stenosis sounds ...
Survival Benefit of Aortic Valve Replacement in Patients With Severe
... characteristics are summarized in Table 1. In the low EF group, the mean age was 75 years, 58% were men, the aortic valve area (AVA) was 0.67 ⫾ 0.18 cm2, and the LVEF was 0.25 ⫾ 0.07. The mean aortic regurgitation grade was 1.1 on a scale of 0 to 4; only 4 had 3⫹ and none had 4⫹ aortic regurgitation ...
... characteristics are summarized in Table 1. In the low EF group, the mean age was 75 years, 58% were men, the aortic valve area (AVA) was 0.67 ⫾ 0.18 cm2, and the LVEF was 0.25 ⫾ 0.07. The mean aortic regurgitation grade was 1.1 on a scale of 0 to 4; only 4 had 3⫹ and none had 4⫹ aortic regurgitation ...
Basic Cardiovascular System and Pathological Abnormalities
... • Palpate liver • +/- rales and CXR to evaluate for CHF • Reverse dehydration Reverse acidosis ...
... • Palpate liver • +/- rales and CXR to evaluate for CHF • Reverse dehydration Reverse acidosis ...
CONGENITAL HEART DISEASE
... (P2), an increased right ventricular heave, prominent a waves in the jugular pulse, ECG evidence of right ventricular hypertrophy, and post-stenotic dilatation in the pulmonary artery on the chest Xray. Doppler echocardiography is the definitive investigation. Mild to moderate isolated pulmonary ste ...
... (P2), an increased right ventricular heave, prominent a waves in the jugular pulse, ECG evidence of right ventricular hypertrophy, and post-stenotic dilatation in the pulmonary artery on the chest Xray. Doppler echocardiography is the definitive investigation. Mild to moderate isolated pulmonary ste ...
Left Ventricular Endocardial Longitudinal and - AJP
... Yellin et al.33 implanted a flow probe in the LV inflow tract, which showed the presence of a negative flow at the mitral orifice during IVC. They interpreted this finding as an artifact, because they assumed that the mitral valve must already be closed at the onset of IVC. Also, finding that the fi ...
... Yellin et al.33 implanted a flow probe in the LV inflow tract, which showed the presence of a negative flow at the mitral orifice during IVC. They interpreted this finding as an artifact, because they assumed that the mitral valve must already be closed at the onset of IVC. Also, finding that the fi ...
ENDOCARDIAL SCLEROSIS IN INFANTS AND CHILDREN* We
... Endocardial sclerosis was reported in 1818 by Kreysig (cited by Krstulovic17) under the term "fetal endocarditis." At that early date intrauterine inflammation was considered as the most likely cause of fetal endocarditis and by the end of the 19th century this explanation was widely accepted for mo ...
... Endocardial sclerosis was reported in 1818 by Kreysig (cited by Krstulovic17) under the term "fetal endocarditis." At that early date intrauterine inflammation was considered as the most likely cause of fetal endocarditis and by the end of the 19th century this explanation was widely accepted for mo ...
Ventricular Septal Defects
... • Small VSD: no treatment may be needed. But closely monitored to make sure that the hole eventually closes. • Large VSD: who have symptoms related to heart failure may need medicine to control the symptoms and surgery to close the hole. • If symptoms continue, even with medication, surgery to close ...
... • Small VSD: no treatment may be needed. But closely monitored to make sure that the hole eventually closes. • Large VSD: who have symptoms related to heart failure may need medicine to control the symptoms and surgery to close the hole. • If symptoms continue, even with medication, surgery to close ...
CARDIOMYOPATHY STUDY GUIDE
... straightjacket around the heart, likewise preventing it from expanding during diastole. When it comes time for systole to occur, there will be a decrease in the amount of blood that is pumped out of the ventricles (think about it). This decrease in cardiac output is indicative of CHF. Restrictive ca ...
... straightjacket around the heart, likewise preventing it from expanding during diastole. When it comes time for systole to occur, there will be a decrease in the amount of blood that is pumped out of the ventricles (think about it). This decrease in cardiac output is indicative of CHF. Restrictive ca ...
Computational Modeling of Aortic Heart Valves
... simulations [57]. Studies on BHV tissue have used a mixed constitutive model strategy in which the in plane and bending behaviors are characterized separately and uncoupled [29, 30]. For the planar material model, a generalized Fung-type elastic strain energy function was used to define the anisotro ...
... simulations [57]. Studies on BHV tissue have used a mixed constitutive model strategy in which the in plane and bending behaviors are characterized separately and uncoupled [29, 30]. For the planar material model, a generalized Fung-type elastic strain energy function was used to define the anisotro ...
M-mode echocardiography
... •Ejection time (ET): from the onset (b) to the end (d) of the velocity spectrum) •Pre-ejection time from the Q wave of the ECG (a) to the onset of the Doppler velocity spectrum (b), •Acceleration time from the onset to the peak of the velocity spectrum (c) and ...
... •Ejection time (ET): from the onset (b) to the end (d) of the velocity spectrum) •Pre-ejection time from the Q wave of the ECG (a) to the onset of the Doppler velocity spectrum (b), •Acceleration time from the onset to the peak of the velocity spectrum (c) and ...
Long-term outcome of the Mustard/Senning operations.
... Early death Arrhythmias exercise capacity RV dysfunction Tricuspid regurgitation Baffle obstructions Sub-pulmonary outflow tract obstruction due to septal bulging ...
... Early death Arrhythmias exercise capacity RV dysfunction Tricuspid regurgitation Baffle obstructions Sub-pulmonary outflow tract obstruction due to septal bulging ...
Left Ventricular Volume and Evaluation of Heart Murmurs
... into the ventricle a functional mitral insufficiency is created. Thus, systolic murmur in HCM is due to high flow through a narrow outlet tract plus mitral ...
... into the ventricle a functional mitral insufficiency is created. Thus, systolic murmur in HCM is due to high flow through a narrow outlet tract plus mitral ...
view a PDF summary of Cardiovascular Development
... cases of not enough erosion. vessel wall excavation ...
... cases of not enough erosion. vessel wall excavation ...
Aortic valve dynamics as a tool for pump speed assessment
... 3.2.2 Other complications related to suboptimal pump flow during axial flow pump support Identification of the optimal pump speed setting and thus pump flow for a particular patient is substantial. When pump flow is not within a certain optimal range, the pump might perform ineffectively which could ...
... 3.2.2 Other complications related to suboptimal pump flow during axial flow pump support Identification of the optimal pump speed setting and thus pump flow for a particular patient is substantial. When pump flow is not within a certain optimal range, the pump might perform ineffectively which could ...
STRONG HEART STUDY LABORATORY PROCEDURES
... Research Design and Methods: A. Carotid Artery Structure and Atherosclerosis: Methods will be adapted from those used and refined at Cornell since 1989 and subsequently applied at other sites in multi-center studies (see Table 1). Imaging of both carotid arteries will be performed using Acuson 128 s ...
... Research Design and Methods: A. Carotid Artery Structure and Atherosclerosis: Methods will be adapted from those used and refined at Cornell since 1989 and subsequently applied at other sites in multi-center studies (see Table 1). Imaging of both carotid arteries will be performed using Acuson 128 s ...
Does This Patient Have Aortic Regurgitation?
... fourth intercostal space at the left sternal border and listen while the patient stops his/her breath at end of expiration. The patient should not hold his/ her breath because he/she may inadvertently do a Valsalva maneuver. If the murmur is louder at the second to third right intercostal space, the ...
... fourth intercostal space at the left sternal border and listen while the patient stops his/her breath at end of expiration. The patient should not hold his/ her breath because he/she may inadvertently do a Valsalva maneuver. If the murmur is louder at the second to third right intercostal space, the ...
Aortic stenosis
Aortic stenosis (AS) is the narrowing of the exit of the left ventricle of the heart such that problems result. It may occur at the aortic valve as well as above and below this level. It typically gets worse over time. Symptoms often come on gradually with a decreased ability to exercise often occurring first. If heart failure, loss of consciousness, or heart related chest pain occurs due to AS the outcomes are worse. Loss of consciousness typically occurs with standing or exercise. Signs of heart failure include shortness of breath especially with lying down, at night, and with exercise as well as swelling of the legs. Thickening of the valve without narrowing is known as aortic sclerosis.Causes include being born with a bicuspid aortic valve and rheumatic fever. A bicuspid aortic valve affects about one to two percent of the population while rheumatic heart disease mostly occurring in the developing world. A normal valve, however, may also harden over the decades. Risk factors are similar to those of coronary artery disease and include smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol, diabetes, and being male. The aortic valve usually has three leaflets and is located between the left ventricle of the heart and the aorta. AS typically results in a heart murmur. Its severity can be divided into mild, moderate, severe, and very severe based on ultrasound of the heart findings.Aortic stenosis is typically followed using repeated ultrasounds. Once it has become severe treatment primarily involves valve replacement surgery with transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) being an option in some who are at high risk from surgery. Valves may either be mechanical or bioprosthetic with each having risks and benefits. Another less invasive procedure, balloon aortic valvuloplasty (BAV) may result in benefit but this is for only for a few months. Complications like heart failure may be treated as per normal in those with mild to moderate AS. In those with severe disease a number of medications should be avoided including ACE inhibitors, nitroglycerin, and some beta blockers. Nitroprusside or phenylephrine may be used in those with decompensated heart failure depending on the blood pressure.Aortic stenosis is the most common valvular heart disease in the developed world. It affects about 2% of people who are over 65 years of age. Estimated rates are not known in most of the developing world as of 2014. In those who have symptoms, without repair, the chance of death at five years is about 50% and at 10 years is about 90%. Aortic stenosis was first described by French physician Lazare Rivière in 1663.