![Ultrasonic versus jet nebulization of iloprost in severe pulmonary hypertension T. Gessler](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/008879631_1-2726dfe6d61992fb0303362b1d54431e-300x300.png)
Ultrasonic versus jet nebulization of iloprost in severe pulmonary hypertension T. Gessler
... Severe pulmonary hypertension is a life threatening disease, characterized by an increase in arterial pressure and vascular resistance in the pulmonary circulation [1]. Dyspnoea and reduced exercise capacity are the prominent clinical symptoms; death is most closely associated with an increase in ri ...
... Severe pulmonary hypertension is a life threatening disease, characterized by an increase in arterial pressure and vascular resistance in the pulmonary circulation [1]. Dyspnoea and reduced exercise capacity are the prominent clinical symptoms; death is most closely associated with an increase in ri ...
Secondary pulmonary hypertension – diagnosis and management
... smooth muscle proliferation, which late in its course may contain plexiform lesions and in situ thrombi. The classic Eisenmenger’s syndrome is associated with a ventricular septal defect (VSD). In contrast, atrial septal defects (ASD), which are high flow-low pressure shunts, are not commonly associ ...
... smooth muscle proliferation, which late in its course may contain plexiform lesions and in situ thrombi. The classic Eisenmenger’s syndrome is associated with a ventricular septal defect (VSD). In contrast, atrial septal defects (ASD), which are high flow-low pressure shunts, are not commonly associ ...
Pulmonary Artery Catheter Learning Package (Liverpool)
... An assistant should observe the monitor for arrhythmia caused by irritation of the myocardium with the wire. If arrhythmias occur, withdraw the wire slightly. Remove the needle. Make a small skin incision with the scalpel blade, at the point of entry of the guide wire. Insert the dilator through the ...
... An assistant should observe the monitor for arrhythmia caused by irritation of the myocardium with the wire. If arrhythmias occur, withdraw the wire slightly. Remove the needle. Make a small skin incision with the scalpel blade, at the point of entry of the guide wire. Insert the dilator through the ...
101 Anatomical Particularities of the Papillary Muscles, Tendonous
... their insertion on the atria-ventricular valves. These aspects are high lightened also by the original photo images included in this paper. The observations made on this forms reveals the fact that at swine there is no common feature to be established regarding the shape and ventricular-valves distr ...
... their insertion on the atria-ventricular valves. These aspects are high lightened also by the original photo images included in this paper. The observations made on this forms reveals the fact that at swine there is no common feature to be established regarding the shape and ventricular-valves distr ...
Print - Circulation
... pressure and dividing by the pulmonary blood flow (1 /min/m2). The ratio of pulmonary-to-systemic blood flow (Qp/Qs) was calculated using measured left atrial saturation (assumed to be 95% if not measured), pulmonary artery saturation, aortic or femoral artery saturation, and superior vena cava satu ...
... pressure and dividing by the pulmonary blood flow (1 /min/m2). The ratio of pulmonary-to-systemic blood flow (Qp/Qs) was calculated using measured left atrial saturation (assumed to be 95% if not measured), pulmonary artery saturation, aortic or femoral artery saturation, and superior vena cava satu ...
Atrial Flutter with Exit Block
... typically atrial flutter at a rate of 290 beats/min with 2:1 AV block (fig. 1). However, in September 1977, an SVT at a rate of 145 beats/min with 2:1 AV block was noted (fig. 2). Distinct p waves were present with a constant PR interval. Intially, PAT with block was diagnosed and we suspected digox ...
... typically atrial flutter at a rate of 290 beats/min with 2:1 AV block (fig. 1). However, in September 1977, an SVT at a rate of 145 beats/min with 2:1 AV block was noted (fig. 2). Distinct p waves were present with a constant PR interval. Intially, PAT with block was diagnosed and we suspected digox ...
Analysis of the Characteristics of the Flow Velocity Waveforms in Left
... resembled the pattern of aortic pressure (AoP) during ventricular ejection, but a sharp transient decrease in flow velocity corresponding to the atrial contraction phase was observed in end diastole. LVP, left ventricular pressure, AV, velocity change; At, time in 0.1-second increments. The maximum ...
... resembled the pattern of aortic pressure (AoP) during ventricular ejection, but a sharp transient decrease in flow velocity corresponding to the atrial contraction phase was observed in end diastole. LVP, left ventricular pressure, AV, velocity change; At, time in 0.1-second increments. The maximum ...
Final Protocol - Department of Health
... For occlusion of haemodynamically significant perimembranous VSD in the membranous ventricular septum ...
... For occlusion of haemodynamically significant perimembranous VSD in the membranous ventricular septum ...
The jugular venous pressure revisited
... Most people have a valve near the termination of the internal jugular vein, with variable competence. Inhibition of reflux of blood from the superior vena cava into the internal jugular vein by this valve is the most plausible cause of this disparity.4 The failure of the jugular venous pressure ...
... Most people have a valve near the termination of the internal jugular vein, with variable competence. Inhibition of reflux of blood from the superior vena cava into the internal jugular vein by this valve is the most plausible cause of this disparity.4 The failure of the jugular venous pressure ...
Heart Murmurs in Kids:
... Common Heart Defects in Asymptomatic Children ventricular septal defect (small-mod.) atrial septal defect (even large) patent ductus arteriosus (small-mod.) pulmonic stenosis aortic stenosis coarctation of the aorta ...
... Common Heart Defects in Asymptomatic Children ventricular septal defect (small-mod.) atrial septal defect (even large) patent ductus arteriosus (small-mod.) pulmonic stenosis aortic stenosis coarctation of the aorta ...
WINFOCUS BASIC ECHO (WBE)
... This occurs with Iming opposite that of right ventricular collapse. It is idenIfiable on two-‐dimensional echocardiography, typically from the subcostal or apical four-‐chamber view. Because the right atrium normall ...
... This occurs with Iming opposite that of right ventricular collapse. It is idenIfiable on two-‐dimensional echocardiography, typically from the subcostal or apical four-‐chamber view. Because the right atrium normall ...
chronic cor pulmonale
... Pulmonary hypertension complicating chronic respiratory disease is generally defined by the presence of a resting mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) > 20 mm Hg. This is slightly different from the definition of primary pulmonary hypertension (PAP > 25 mmHg).3 In young (< 50 years) healthy subjects ...
... Pulmonary hypertension complicating chronic respiratory disease is generally defined by the presence of a resting mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) > 20 mm Hg. This is slightly different from the definition of primary pulmonary hypertension (PAP > 25 mmHg).3 In young (< 50 years) healthy subjects ...
molecular cloning and reduced expression in experimental heart
... concentration in both the LA and RA in this heart failure model. These data suggest that the blunted ANP release we observed in shunt animals was neither due to impaired synthesis nor depleted storage vesicles of ANP. In experimental heart failure, the atrial corin mRNA level was decreased in parall ...
... concentration in both the LA and RA in this heart failure model. These data suggest that the blunted ANP release we observed in shunt animals was neither due to impaired synthesis nor depleted storage vesicles of ANP. In experimental heart failure, the atrial corin mRNA level was decreased in parall ...
The Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation
... restores a normal heart rhythm, but does nothing to prevent 2. 8 Electrophysiology Service The Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation 3. the atrial fibrillation from returning. Therefore, it should not be considered a “cure” for atrial fibrillation. 4. “Atrial fibrillation begets atrial fibrillation.” In ...
... restores a normal heart rhythm, but does nothing to prevent 2. 8 Electrophysiology Service The Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation 3. the atrial fibrillation from returning. Therefore, it should not be considered a “cure” for atrial fibrillation. 4. “Atrial fibrillation begets atrial fibrillation.” In ...
Long-term efficacy of transcatheter closure of ventricular septal
... the PCI procedure would be performed first if the patient presented with unstable angina and if coronary angiography showed a culprit lesion in proximal vessels with heavy thrombosis which might cause recurrent MI. In patients who underwent VSD closure first, no antiplatelet drugs were used before t ...
... the PCI procedure would be performed first if the patient presented with unstable angina and if coronary angiography showed a culprit lesion in proximal vessels with heavy thrombosis which might cause recurrent MI. In patients who underwent VSD closure first, no antiplatelet drugs were used before t ...
Severe paediatric pulmonary hypertension: new management strategies REVIEW A Rashid, D Ivy
... As the most successful strategy in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension is to treat the underlying cause, the workup of pulmonary hypertension involves a complete history and examination (box 2) and extensive evaluation (box 3), aiming to exclude all known aetiologies of pulmonary hypertension (b ...
... As the most successful strategy in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension is to treat the underlying cause, the workup of pulmonary hypertension involves a complete history and examination (box 2) and extensive evaluation (box 3), aiming to exclude all known aetiologies of pulmonary hypertension (b ...
Left Atrial Fibrosis
... data from ex vivo studies or experimental models that LA scar burden correlates with age, left atrial size, and with reduced cardiac function. LA scar burden appears to be a negative prognostic indicator of long-term freedom from AF after initial PVI. While this information is clinically helpful, th ...
... data from ex vivo studies or experimental models that LA scar burden correlates with age, left atrial size, and with reduced cardiac function. LA scar burden appears to be a negative prognostic indicator of long-term freedom from AF after initial PVI. While this information is clinically helpful, th ...
Relation Between Right Ventricular Function and Increased Right
... study evaluated the effect of lateral wall scar on reverse remodeling and the clinical response to cardiac resynchronization therapy. For the most part, these patients did not have severe pulmonary hypertension. To include a patient population with a wider range of pulmonary hypertension, we also in ...
... study evaluated the effect of lateral wall scar on reverse remodeling and the clinical response to cardiac resynchronization therapy. For the most part, these patients did not have severe pulmonary hypertension. To include a patient population with a wider range of pulmonary hypertension, we also in ...
Congenital Anomalies Involving the Coronary
... nature, such as chronic congestive cardiac failure or right atrial hypertension, for any reason. If such causes are eliminated, then enlargement of the coronary sinus results from an increased volume of flow of blood into the sinus through anomalous communications. Enlargement of the coronary sinus ...
... nature, such as chronic congestive cardiac failure or right atrial hypertension, for any reason. If such causes are eliminated, then enlargement of the coronary sinus results from an increased volume of flow of blood into the sinus through anomalous communications. Enlargement of the coronary sinus ...
Atrial-Selective Approaches for the Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation
... cardiac conduction and modulates KCNJ1 and GJA1 transcription in human coronary artery disease (69,70). Because GJA1 encodes Cx43, it might be relevant to AF, and microRNA designed to enhance Cx40-expression could be valuable for atrial-selective therapy. Modulation of cardiac ion-channel genes (KCN ...
... cardiac conduction and modulates KCNJ1 and GJA1 transcription in human coronary artery disease (69,70). Because GJA1 encodes Cx43, it might be relevant to AF, and microRNA designed to enhance Cx40-expression could be valuable for atrial-selective therapy. Modulation of cardiac ion-channel genes (KCN ...
The Right Ventricular Outflow Tract: The Road to Septal Pacing
... valve, it can arise from a focus anywhere within the outflow tract. These foci produce characteristic patterns on the ECG depending on the site of origin within the RVOT. These patterns can be reproduced by pace-mapping at these sites, and studies of catheter ablation have demonstrated the utility o ...
... valve, it can arise from a focus anywhere within the outflow tract. These foci produce characteristic patterns on the ECG depending on the site of origin within the RVOT. These patterns can be reproduced by pace-mapping at these sites, and studies of catheter ablation have demonstrated the utility o ...
chronic cor pulmonale - Heart
... Pulmonary hypertension complicating chronic respiratory disease is generally defined by the presence of a resting mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) > 20 mm Hg. This is slightly different from the definition of primary pulmonary hypertension (PAP > 25 mmHg).3 In young (< 50 years) healthy subjects ...
... Pulmonary hypertension complicating chronic respiratory disease is generally defined by the presence of a resting mean pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) > 20 mm Hg. This is slightly different from the definition of primary pulmonary hypertension (PAP > 25 mmHg).3 In young (< 50 years) healthy subjects ...
spums j 26/1 - Rubicon Research Repository
... flow imaging21 and the ultrasonographic detection of biliary obstruction.22 Furthermore, the manoeuvre is being used clinically in the investigation of atrial septal defects (ASD) and patent foramen ovale (PFO) where the intrathoracic pressure changes lead to a transient inversion (right atrial pres ...
... flow imaging21 and the ultrasonographic detection of biliary obstruction.22 Furthermore, the manoeuvre is being used clinically in the investigation of atrial septal defects (ASD) and patent foramen ovale (PFO) where the intrathoracic pressure changes lead to a transient inversion (right atrial pres ...
PULMONARY CIRCULATION
... exercise in normal subjects have included direct measurements of LAP through a left heart catheterization. However, PAOP at exercise is unlikely to overestimate LAP. High levels of cardiac output are associated with a complete recruitment of the pulmonary capillary network, which is the condition fo ...
... exercise in normal subjects have included direct measurements of LAP through a left heart catheterization. However, PAOP at exercise is unlikely to overestimate LAP. High levels of cardiac output are associated with a complete recruitment of the pulmonary capillary network, which is the condition fo ...
Atrial Flutter after Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting
... main independent predictor of postoperative atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing coronary revascularization. Preoperative factors Age is consistently the independent factor most strongly associated with postoperative atrial fibrillation.1,2) Age associated changes in the atria, such as dilatat ...
... main independent predictor of postoperative atrial fibrillation in patients undergoing coronary revascularization. Preoperative factors Age is consistently the independent factor most strongly associated with postoperative atrial fibrillation.1,2) Age associated changes in the atria, such as dilatat ...
Atrial septal defect
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Asd-web.jpg?width=300)
Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital heart defect in which blood flows between the atria (upper chambers) of the heart. Normally, the atria are separated by a dividing wall, the interatrial septum. If this septum is defective or absent, then oxygen-rich blood can flow directly from the left side of the heart to mix with the oxygen-poor blood in the right side of the heart, or vice versa. This can lead to lower-than-normal oxygen levels in the arterial blood that supplies the brain, organs, and tissues. However, an ASD may not produce noticeable signs or symptoms, especially if the defect is small.A ""shunt"" is the presence of a net flow of blood through the defect, either from left to right or right to left. The amount of shunting present, if any, determines the hemodynamic significance of the ASD. A ""right-to-left-shunt"" typically poses the more dangerous scenario.During development of the fetus, the interatrial septum develops to separate the left and right atria. However, a hole in the septum called the foramen ovale, allows blood from the right atrium to enter the left atrium during fetal development. This opening allows blood to bypass the nonfunctional fetal lungs while the fetus obtains its oxygen from the placenta. A layer of tissue called the septum primum acts as a valve over the foramen ovale during fetal development. After birth, the pressure in the right side of the heart drops as the lungs open and begin working, causing the foramen ovale to close entirely. In approximately 25% of adults, the foramen ovale does not entirely seal. In these cases, any elevation of the pressure in the pulmonary circulatory system (due to pulmonary hypertension, temporarily while coughing, etc.) can cause the foramen ovale to remain open. This is known as a patent foramen ovale (PFO), which is a type of atrial septal defect.