PowerPoint Presentation - Hemodynamic Principles
... (hypotension vs. LV dysfunction) when clinical and/or echocardiographic assessment is inconclusive – Differentiating between right and left ventricular dysfunction and pericardial tamponade when clinical and echocardiographic assessment is inconclusive – Management of severe low cardiac output syndr ...
... (hypotension vs. LV dysfunction) when clinical and/or echocardiographic assessment is inconclusive – Differentiating between right and left ventricular dysfunction and pericardial tamponade when clinical and echocardiographic assessment is inconclusive – Management of severe low cardiac output syndr ...
Regulation of atrial natriuretic peptide
... Ischemia is one of the most potent stimuli for ANP secretion, which can be viewed as an important homeostatic mechanism since ANP can produce cardiac vasodilatation to increase blood flow and oxygen delivery to the heart as well as peripheral vasodilatation to reduce arterial pressure. The reduction ...
... Ischemia is one of the most potent stimuli for ANP secretion, which can be viewed as an important homeostatic mechanism since ANP can produce cardiac vasodilatation to increase blood flow and oxygen delivery to the heart as well as peripheral vasodilatation to reduce arterial pressure. The reduction ...
4 Jugular Venous Pulse
... It is important to note that the descents or fall in pressure cause acceleration of venous inflow, as stated earlier. Although more volume of blood enters the heart during diastole, the flow is slower over a longer period of time. In systole, however, the flow is much faster over a shorter period of ...
... It is important to note that the descents or fall in pressure cause acceleration of venous inflow, as stated earlier. Although more volume of blood enters the heart during diastole, the flow is slower over a longer period of time. In systole, however, the flow is much faster over a shorter period of ...
What`s new in diagnosis and therapy of atrial fibrillation?
... burden. For treatment, pulmonary vein (PV) isolation has evolved an accepted, effective treatment with ~75-85% of patients in stable sinus rhythm. Since the rate of major complications of 2.5% is relatively low, PV isolation is nowadays the first choice therapy for symptomatic patients with drug-res ...
... burden. For treatment, pulmonary vein (PV) isolation has evolved an accepted, effective treatment with ~75-85% of patients in stable sinus rhythm. Since the rate of major complications of 2.5% is relatively low, PV isolation is nowadays the first choice therapy for symptomatic patients with drug-res ...
Guidelines for the Management of Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
... †Beta blockers should be instituted following stabilization of patients with decompensated HF. The choice of beta blocker (e.g., cardioselective) depends on the patient’s clinical condition. ‡Digoxin is not usually first-line therapy. It may be combined with a beta blocker and/or a nondihydropyridin ...
... †Beta blockers should be instituted following stabilization of patients with decompensated HF. The choice of beta blocker (e.g., cardioselective) depends on the patient’s clinical condition. ‡Digoxin is not usually first-line therapy. It may be combined with a beta blocker and/or a nondihydropyridin ...
GCSE PE - EC8 - EATON BANK SCHOOL
... Tidal volumethe amount of air breathed in or out of the lungs in one breath. Vital capacitythe maximum amount of air that you can breathe out, after breathing in as deeply as possible. Oxygen debtAfter strenuous exercise like sprinting, your muscles need extra oxygen to get rid of lactic acid. This ...
... Tidal volumethe amount of air breathed in or out of the lungs in one breath. Vital capacitythe maximum amount of air that you can breathe out, after breathing in as deeply as possible. Oxygen debtAfter strenuous exercise like sprinting, your muscles need extra oxygen to get rid of lactic acid. This ...
cardiac rhythm and atrial transport function after surgical ablation of
... about 1% and steadily rising1. The percentage of patients with AF significantly increases with age. We can diagnose AF in about 0.1% of adult patients younger than 55 years of age, the prevalence in patients over 60 years of age is about 3.8%, and in patients above 80 years of age it reaches a level ...
... about 1% and steadily rising1. The percentage of patients with AF significantly increases with age. We can diagnose AF in about 0.1% of adult patients younger than 55 years of age, the prevalence in patients over 60 years of age is about 3.8%, and in patients above 80 years of age it reaches a level ...
Central Venous Pressure: Principles, Measurement, and Interpretation
... leading to decreased right ventricular compliance include disorders that increase myocardial stiffness, including ischemia, infiltrative diseases, and fibrosis. Other causes of decreased right ventricular compliance include conditions that lead to myocardial hypertrophy, such as pulmonic stenosis, p ...
... leading to decreased right ventricular compliance include disorders that increase myocardial stiffness, including ischemia, infiltrative diseases, and fibrosis. Other causes of decreased right ventricular compliance include conditions that lead to myocardial hypertrophy, such as pulmonic stenosis, p ...
Role of catheter-induced mechanical trauma in localization of target
... third patient with dilated cardiomyopathy (ejection fraction 18%), the AV junction was ablated, and a permanent VVIR pacemaker was implanted. The mean duration of ablation was 165.2 _+ 48.5 min with a mean fluoroscopy time of 36.4 _+ 19.3 rain. The mean number of radiofrequency pulses needed to inte ...
... third patient with dilated cardiomyopathy (ejection fraction 18%), the AV junction was ablated, and a permanent VVIR pacemaker was implanted. The mean duration of ablation was 165.2 _+ 48.5 min with a mean fluoroscopy time of 36.4 _+ 19.3 rain. The mean number of radiofrequency pulses needed to inte ...
Targeted Neonatal Echocardiography in the Neonatal Intensive
... CHD. If CHD has been excluded, subsequent studies in children with structurally normal hearts can focus on hemodynamic or functional assessment. The initial echocardiographic examination should always be a comprehensive study of both anatomy and function that is to be interpreted by a pediatric card ...
... CHD. If CHD has been excluded, subsequent studies in children with structurally normal hearts can focus on hemodynamic or functional assessment. The initial echocardiographic examination should always be a comprehensive study of both anatomy and function that is to be interpreted by a pediatric card ...
Clinical Trial Protocol and Ethics Application
... been demonstrated to reduce the risk of AF progression and have become the standard of care.6 It is proposed that atrial ectopy may trigger AF and atrial preferential pacing may suppress atrial ectopy and therefore prevent AF episodes. In addition, atrial antitachycardia pacing (aATP) algorithm has ...
... been demonstrated to reduce the risk of AF progression and have become the standard of care.6 It is proposed that atrial ectopy may trigger AF and atrial preferential pacing may suppress atrial ectopy and therefore prevent AF episodes. In addition, atrial antitachycardia pacing (aATP) algorithm has ...
Pulmonary Hypertension in Sarcoidosis
... had a mean PA pressure ≥ 25 Torr. Using univariate analysis of those patients with normal LV function, echocardiography, vital capacity, and diffusion lung of carbon monoxide (DLco) correlated with systolic and/or mean pulmonary artery pressure. For the PA systolic, only the echocardiographic estima ...
... had a mean PA pressure ≥ 25 Torr. Using univariate analysis of those patients with normal LV function, echocardiography, vital capacity, and diffusion lung of carbon monoxide (DLco) correlated with systolic and/or mean pulmonary artery pressure. For the PA systolic, only the echocardiographic estima ...
The Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation - Michigan Medicine
... energy. In most patients, the ablation procedure can be performed safely without interrupting treatment with warfarin (Coumadin). However, in some patients it is safer to stop taking warfarin (Coumadin) a few days before the ablation procedure. In these patients, an injectable form of heparin (Lovon ...
... energy. In most patients, the ablation procedure can be performed safely without interrupting treatment with warfarin (Coumadin). However, in some patients it is safer to stop taking warfarin (Coumadin) a few days before the ablation procedure. In these patients, an injectable form of heparin (Lovon ...
Right Ventricular Volume Determinations in 18 Patients
... SUMMARY Right ventricular growth was assessed angiocardiographically in 18 patients with pulmonary atresia, intact ventricular septum, and hypoplastic and hypertensive right ventricle. A variety of surgical procedures were performed. In only 12 patients (66.7%) was right ventricular-pulmonary artery ...
... SUMMARY Right ventricular growth was assessed angiocardiographically in 18 patients with pulmonary atresia, intact ventricular septum, and hypoplastic and hypertensive right ventricle. A variety of surgical procedures were performed. In only 12 patients (66.7%) was right ventricular-pulmonary artery ...
Implant and LongTerm Evaluation of Atrial Signal Amplification in a
... Background: In patients without clinical indications for pacing the use of a single-lead implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) implementing atrial sensing capability with proper signal amplification management may represent a useful therapeutic option, combining the positive features of both ...
... Background: In patients without clinical indications for pacing the use of a single-lead implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) implementing atrial sensing capability with proper signal amplification management may represent a useful therapeutic option, combining the positive features of both ...
Percutaneous Left Atrial Appendage Closure Devices for Stroke
... Warfarin Therapy for Prevention of Stroke in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation (PROTECTAF) randomized controlled trial (RCT). The device underwent 3 panel reviews before it was approved by FDA through the premarket approval process on March 13, 2015.4 This device is indicated to reduce the risk of t ...
... Warfarin Therapy for Prevention of Stroke in Patients with Atrial Fibrillation (PROTECTAF) randomized controlled trial (RCT). The device underwent 3 panel reviews before it was approved by FDA through the premarket approval process on March 13, 2015.4 This device is indicated to reduce the risk of t ...
Running head: ATRIAL FIBRILLATION
... knowledgeable healthcare. More and more responsibility is being placed on the patients to gain knowledge about their health issues and their subsequent causes and treatment. The public knowledge of major cardiac events such as hypertension, heart attack and angina are becoming more commonly known to ...
... knowledgeable healthcare. More and more responsibility is being placed on the patients to gain knowledge about their health issues and their subsequent causes and treatment. The public knowledge of major cardiac events such as hypertension, heart attack and angina are becoming more commonly known to ...
New Insights into Mechanisms of Atrial Fibrillation
... Triggers of atrial fibrillation as a therapeutic target Optical mapping studies documented the location of preferential re-entry circuits that occur in the pulmonary vein region in canine models of AF (Arora et al. 2003). Electrophysiological studies in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation f ...
... Triggers of atrial fibrillation as a therapeutic target Optical mapping studies documented the location of preferential re-entry circuits that occur in the pulmonary vein region in canine models of AF (Arora et al. 2003). Electrophysiological studies in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation f ...
Haemodynamic and structural correlates of the first and
... was performed with two dual-function (audioelectrocardiographic) sensors in the precordial V3 and V4 positions capable of simultaneously capturing cardiac electrical and acoustic signals. Five 10 s artefact-free recordings were obtained and analysed utilising proprietary software. This algorithm uti ...
... was performed with two dual-function (audioelectrocardiographic) sensors in the precordial V3 and V4 positions capable of simultaneously capturing cardiac electrical and acoustic signals. Five 10 s artefact-free recordings were obtained and analysed utilising proprietary software. This algorithm uti ...
Echo-Doppler assessment of diastole: flow, function and
... Diastole takes over from systolic ejection at aortic valve closure and includes LV pressure fall, rapid filling, diastasis (at slower heart rates), and atrial contraction (figure 1). The ventricle has two alternating functions: systolic ejection and diastolic filling. The optimal performance of the LV ...
... Diastole takes over from systolic ejection at aortic valve closure and includes LV pressure fall, rapid filling, diastasis (at slower heart rates), and atrial contraction (figure 1). The ventricle has two alternating functions: systolic ejection and diastolic filling. The optimal performance of the LV ...
Newly Diagnosed Atrial Fibrillation
... regularity of the cardiac cycle, especially when accompanied by short coupling intervals, and rapid heart rates in atrial fibrillation lead to a reduction in diastolic filling, stroke volume, and cardiac output. In a study of patients who were evaluated while in atrial fibrillation and again during ...
... regularity of the cardiac cycle, especially when accompanied by short coupling intervals, and rapid heart rates in atrial fibrillation lead to a reduction in diastolic filling, stroke volume, and cardiac output. In a study of patients who were evaluated while in atrial fibrillation and again during ...
Document
... postoperative anatomy, and to illustrate the imaging findings of postoperative complications in these patients. Key words ...
... postoperative anatomy, and to illustrate the imaging findings of postoperative complications in these patients. Key words ...
Alternate Pacing Sites in the Atria and the Right Ventricle
... right ventricular outflow tract and the interventricular septum close to the His bundle. 1) Pacing from the His bundle Attempts at pacing from the His bundle were made by Karpawich et al and were obviously aimed at depolarising the heart through the physiological conduction system.5 In fact, His bun ...
... right ventricular outflow tract and the interventricular septum close to the His bundle. 1) Pacing from the His bundle Attempts at pacing from the His bundle were made by Karpawich et al and were obviously aimed at depolarising the heart through the physiological conduction system.5 In fact, His bun ...
Role of Echocardiography in the Diagnosis of Constrictive Pericarditis
... cardial calcification is dependent on the underlying cause of CP and is less commonly encountered in developing nations as the incidence of tuberculous pericarditis has declined. A recent series of 136 patients reported radiographic evidence of pericardial calcification in approximately one third of p ...
... cardial calcification is dependent on the underlying cause of CP and is less commonly encountered in developing nations as the incidence of tuberculous pericarditis has declined. A recent series of 136 patients reported radiographic evidence of pericardial calcification in approximately one third of p ...
Atrium-Selective Sodium Channel Block as a Strategy
... Methods and Results—Whole-cell patch clamp techniques were used to evaluate inactivation of peak sodium channel current (INa) in myocytes isolated from canine atria and ventricles. The electrophysiological effects of therapeutic concentrations of ranolazine (1 to 10 mol/L) and lidocaine (2.1 to 21 ...
... Methods and Results—Whole-cell patch clamp techniques were used to evaluate inactivation of peak sodium channel current (INa) in myocytes isolated from canine atria and ventricles. The electrophysiological effects of therapeutic concentrations of ranolazine (1 to 10 mol/L) and lidocaine (2.1 to 21 ...
Atrial septal defect
Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital heart defect in which blood flows between the atria (upper chambers) of the heart. Normally, the atria are separated by a dividing wall, the interatrial septum. If this septum is defective or absent, then oxygen-rich blood can flow directly from the left side of the heart to mix with the oxygen-poor blood in the right side of the heart, or vice versa. This can lead to lower-than-normal oxygen levels in the arterial blood that supplies the brain, organs, and tissues. However, an ASD may not produce noticeable signs or symptoms, especially if the defect is small.A ""shunt"" is the presence of a net flow of blood through the defect, either from left to right or right to left. The amount of shunting present, if any, determines the hemodynamic significance of the ASD. A ""right-to-left-shunt"" typically poses the more dangerous scenario.During development of the fetus, the interatrial septum develops to separate the left and right atria. However, a hole in the septum called the foramen ovale, allows blood from the right atrium to enter the left atrium during fetal development. This opening allows blood to bypass the nonfunctional fetal lungs while the fetus obtains its oxygen from the placenta. A layer of tissue called the septum primum acts as a valve over the foramen ovale during fetal development. After birth, the pressure in the right side of the heart drops as the lungs open and begin working, causing the foramen ovale to close entirely. In approximately 25% of adults, the foramen ovale does not entirely seal. In these cases, any elevation of the pressure in the pulmonary circulatory system (due to pulmonary hypertension, temporarily while coughing, etc.) can cause the foramen ovale to remain open. This is known as a patent foramen ovale (PFO), which is a type of atrial septal defect.