Atrioventricular Septal Defects
... b. Captopril: decreases shunting (unusual movement) of blood through the defects in the heart [such as ventricular septal defect (VSD) or atrial septal defect (ASD)] and treats high blood pressure c. Digoxin: helps the heart pump stronger in a slower and more regular way and treats children with hea ...
... b. Captopril: decreases shunting (unusual movement) of blood through the defects in the heart [such as ventricular septal defect (VSD) or atrial septal defect (ASD)] and treats high blood pressure c. Digoxin: helps the heart pump stronger in a slower and more regular way and treats children with hea ...
Structure and Function Overview
... The AV valves are attached to cords, called chordae tendineae, that are in turn attached to the papillary muscle located inside the ventricles. The muscles relax and the AV valve opens when the atrium contracts, allowing blood to flow through the valve into the ventricle. When the ventricle contract ...
... The AV valves are attached to cords, called chordae tendineae, that are in turn attached to the papillary muscle located inside the ventricles. The muscles relax and the AV valve opens when the atrium contracts, allowing blood to flow through the valve into the ventricle. When the ventricle contract ...
Imaging pitfalls, normal anatomy, and anatomical variants that can
... four pulmonary veins. The posterior wall of the primitive left atrium, which normally receives the four pulmonary veins, becomes the smooth portion of the left atrium proper. The remainder of the primitive left atrium becomes the trabeculated portion or left atrial appendage (1) (Fig. 5). Compared t ...
... four pulmonary veins. The posterior wall of the primitive left atrium, which normally receives the four pulmonary veins, becomes the smooth portion of the left atrium proper. The remainder of the primitive left atrium becomes the trabeculated portion or left atrial appendage (1) (Fig. 5). Compared t ...
Document
... is that pulmonary vein isolation is not complete due to local recovery of conduction out of the pulmonary veins. Re-ablation is then the method of choice. • In other cases, it might be important to change the underlying atrial substrate by identifying regions with continuous fractionated atrial elec ...
... is that pulmonary vein isolation is not complete due to local recovery of conduction out of the pulmonary veins. Re-ablation is then the method of choice. • In other cases, it might be important to change the underlying atrial substrate by identifying regions with continuous fractionated atrial elec ...
Hearts with one ventricle - Archives of Disease in Childhood
... When the atria are connected to only one vascular resistance falls in early infancy if neither ventricle (irrespective of the possible presence of pulmonary nor systemic ventricular outflow is obanother rudimentary ventricle) there is a 'univen- structed. Obstruction to systemic or pulmonary tricula ...
... When the atria are connected to only one vascular resistance falls in early infancy if neither ventricle (irrespective of the possible presence of pulmonary nor systemic ventricular outflow is obanother rudimentary ventricle) there is a 'univen- structed. Obstruction to systemic or pulmonary tricula ...
Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Drainage
... predicted by the scimitar sign on the posteroanterior chest x-ray. This finding is usually indicative of infradiaphragmatic drainage of pulmonary venous blood but does not distinguish between several different varieties of the malformation. Thus partial anomalous venous drainage from the lower lobe ...
... predicted by the scimitar sign on the posteroanterior chest x-ray. This finding is usually indicative of infradiaphragmatic drainage of pulmonary venous blood but does not distinguish between several different varieties of the malformation. Thus partial anomalous venous drainage from the lower lobe ...
Atrial Fibrillation Information Sheet
... In general the treatment of atrial fibrillation consists of: 1) medications to control the heart rate, 2) medications to restore normal sinus rhythm and 3) medications to thin the blood and prevent embolization. The need for chronic blood thinners can be predicted based on certain risk factors, whic ...
... In general the treatment of atrial fibrillation consists of: 1) medications to control the heart rate, 2) medications to restore normal sinus rhythm and 3) medications to thin the blood and prevent embolization. The need for chronic blood thinners can be predicted based on certain risk factors, whic ...
Presentation of Congenital Heart Disease in the Neonate and
... allows blood flow from the left ventricle to pass through the small right ventricle into the pulmonary artery. If the ventricular septal defect is large, cyanosis is minimal. If the ventricular septal defect or the pulmonary valve annulus is small, a loud murmur may be present. Cyanosis still may no ...
... allows blood flow from the left ventricle to pass through the small right ventricle into the pulmonary artery. If the ventricular septal defect is large, cyanosis is minimal. If the ventricular septal defect or the pulmonary valve annulus is small, a loud murmur may be present. Cyanosis still may no ...
Bailout shunt/banding for backward left heart failure
... OBJECTIVES: To determine the outcome of a bailout procedure using the right ventricle to re-assist the left ventricle in neonates after technically adequate coarctectomy but a failing borderline left heart. METHODS: The surgical procedure was performed on bypass. A ‘reversed’ 6-mm surgical shunt was ...
... OBJECTIVES: To determine the outcome of a bailout procedure using the right ventricle to re-assist the left ventricle in neonates after technically adequate coarctectomy but a failing borderline left heart. METHODS: The surgical procedure was performed on bypass. A ‘reversed’ 6-mm surgical shunt was ...
Left Coronary Artery
... atrioventricular It is the continuation of the great cardiac vein Opens into the right atrium to the left of the inferior vena cava Tributaries: small and middle cardiac veins, posterior vein of the left ventricle, oblique vein of the left atrium ...
... atrioventricular It is the continuation of the great cardiac vein Opens into the right atrium to the left of the inferior vena cava Tributaries: small and middle cardiac veins, posterior vein of the left ventricle, oblique vein of the left atrium ...
Figure 5 - ECG/VCG correlation in the Horizontal Plane
... muscle positions. A ECG was used to determine the QRS axis in the frontal plane in both patients and healthy subjects. An imbalance between papillary muscle positions in OP-ASD patients was defined as the position of the anterolateral papillary muscle closer to the septum and/or the position of the ...
... muscle positions. A ECG was used to determine the QRS axis in the frontal plane in both patients and healthy subjects. An imbalance between papillary muscle positions in OP-ASD patients was defined as the position of the anterolateral papillary muscle closer to the septum and/or the position of the ...
Tetralogy of Fallot
... Tetralogy of Fallot presents a spectrum of severity that is related to the degree of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction. In the most severe form, the right ventricular outflow tract is completely occluded (pulmonary atresia). These patients present early in infancy, usually shortly after bi ...
... Tetralogy of Fallot presents a spectrum of severity that is related to the degree of right ventricular outflow tract obstruction. In the most severe form, the right ventricular outflow tract is completely occluded (pulmonary atresia). These patients present early in infancy, usually shortly after bi ...
cardiovascular system
... I.V.C. and right atrioventricular openings & guarded by valve of coronary sinus (Thebasian valve). Venae cordis minimae are numerous small pits, in all four chambers & opens through foramina venarum minimarum. These are more numerous on right side ensuring better blood supply to the myocardium tha ...
... I.V.C. and right atrioventricular openings & guarded by valve of coronary sinus (Thebasian valve). Venae cordis minimae are numerous small pits, in all four chambers & opens through foramina venarum minimarum. These are more numerous on right side ensuring better blood supply to the myocardium tha ...
Congenital heart defects and associated comorbidities – 5 years of
... children who reached puberty and adolescence. The high number of infants admitted showed a relatively early diagnosis of the patients suffering from this type of pathology. However, it should be noted that, in developed countries, congenital heart defects are often caught during the neonatal phase o ...
... children who reached puberty and adolescence. The high number of infants admitted showed a relatively early diagnosis of the patients suffering from this type of pathology. However, it should be noted that, in developed countries, congenital heart defects are often caught during the neonatal phase o ...
Perioperative Management of DORV Case
... group of congenital cardiac malformations in which both great arteries are related to the right ventricle and a ventricular septal defect is almost always present. Characteristics of the anatomy which must be elucidated include the position of the VSD in relation to the great arteries, the relations ...
... group of congenital cardiac malformations in which both great arteries are related to the right ventricle and a ventricular septal defect is almost always present. Characteristics of the anatomy which must be elucidated include the position of the VSD in relation to the great arteries, the relations ...
Double outlet right ventricle with intact ventricular
... limits the interatrial communication. Thus, intact ventricular septum as well as intact atrial septum or restrictive ASD are usually observed in these patients. Patients are usually presented urgently in the neonatal term due to restrictive ASD. Unless balloon atrial septostomy or stent intervention ...
... limits the interatrial communication. Thus, intact ventricular septum as well as intact atrial septum or restrictive ASD are usually observed in these patients. Patients are usually presented urgently in the neonatal term due to restrictive ASD. Unless balloon atrial septostomy or stent intervention ...
Aortic atresia
... of the left ventricle, and severe aortic hypoplasia places the work of the pulmonary and systemic perfusion solely on the right ventricle. • Pulmonary venous return enters the right atrium via an interatrial communication and systemic perfusion is dependant on a PDA. • Cyanosis, congestive heart fai ...
... of the left ventricle, and severe aortic hypoplasia places the work of the pulmonary and systemic perfusion solely on the right ventricle. • Pulmonary venous return enters the right atrium via an interatrial communication and systemic perfusion is dependant on a PDA. • Cyanosis, congestive heart fai ...
Cardiovascular Notes
... Bradycardia: Heart rate less than 60 bpm Sinus arrhythmia: Heart rate varies 5% during respiratory cycle and up to 30% during deep respiration Premature atrial contractions: Occasional shortened intervals between one contraction and succeeding, frequently occurs in healthy people ...
... Bradycardia: Heart rate less than 60 bpm Sinus arrhythmia: Heart rate varies 5% during respiratory cycle and up to 30% during deep respiration Premature atrial contractions: Occasional shortened intervals between one contraction and succeeding, frequently occurs in healthy people ...
PE1898 Your Child`s Large Ventricular Septal Defect
... from the body and lungs. This makes breathing and feeding easier for your child. These medications help with symptoms, but do not cure the VSD. • Nutrition to help your child gain weight. This may include using a high calorie formula (can be added to breast milk) or supplemental tube feedings. • Sur ...
... from the body and lungs. This makes breathing and feeding easier for your child. These medications help with symptoms, but do not cure the VSD. • Nutrition to help your child gain weight. This may include using a high calorie formula (can be added to breast milk) or supplemental tube feedings. • Sur ...
VENTRICULAR SEPTAL DEFECT SIMULATING PATENT DUCTUS
... This combination was described by Laubry and Pezzi (1921) and Laubry et al. (1933). In describing Eisenmenger's complex, Taussig (1947) stated that the aortic cusp which lies above the ventricular septal defect is often abnormally large and deep and sometimes at a lower level than the other two cusp ...
... This combination was described by Laubry and Pezzi (1921) and Laubry et al. (1933). In describing Eisenmenger's complex, Taussig (1947) stated that the aortic cusp which lies above the ventricular septal defect is often abnormally large and deep and sometimes at a lower level than the other two cusp ...
cardiologycmc.in
... Pulmonic valve closure is earlier, and the A2–P2 interval is separated by less than 30 msec and may sound single to the ear. pulmonary circulation has a much lower impedance than the systemic circulation Flow through the pulmonic valve takes longer than flow through the aortic valve. The inspirator ...
... Pulmonic valve closure is earlier, and the A2–P2 interval is separated by less than 30 msec and may sound single to the ear. pulmonary circulation has a much lower impedance than the systemic circulation Flow through the pulmonic valve takes longer than flow through the aortic valve. The inspirator ...
Massive right atrial myxoma causing exertional dyspnoea
... polypoidal type is associated with a higher incidence of embolism because of its obvious fragility,2,3 and tumour size also appears to be a major risk factor.4,5 Our patient had no evidence to suggest that she had suffered from a pulmonary embolism pre-operatively but recurrent pulmonary embolism se ...
... polypoidal type is associated with a higher incidence of embolism because of its obvious fragility,2,3 and tumour size also appears to be a major risk factor.4,5 Our patient had no evidence to suggest that she had suffered from a pulmonary embolism pre-operatively but recurrent pulmonary embolism se ...
File
... The oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium where it travels through the mitral valve into the left ventricle. The systolic heartbeat also causes the left side of the heart to contract and send the blood through the aortic valve that separates the left ventricle and the aorta. Blood passes throu ...
... The oxygenated blood returns to the left atrium where it travels through the mitral valve into the left ventricle. The systolic heartbeat also causes the left side of the heart to contract and send the blood through the aortic valve that separates the left ventricle and the aorta. Blood passes throu ...
Atrial septal defect
Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a congenital heart defect in which blood flows between the atria (upper chambers) of the heart. Normally, the atria are separated by a dividing wall, the interatrial septum. If this septum is defective or absent, then oxygen-rich blood can flow directly from the left side of the heart to mix with the oxygen-poor blood in the right side of the heart, or vice versa. This can lead to lower-than-normal oxygen levels in the arterial blood that supplies the brain, organs, and tissues. However, an ASD may not produce noticeable signs or symptoms, especially if the defect is small.A ""shunt"" is the presence of a net flow of blood through the defect, either from left to right or right to left. The amount of shunting present, if any, determines the hemodynamic significance of the ASD. A ""right-to-left-shunt"" typically poses the more dangerous scenario.During development of the fetus, the interatrial septum develops to separate the left and right atria. However, a hole in the septum called the foramen ovale, allows blood from the right atrium to enter the left atrium during fetal development. This opening allows blood to bypass the nonfunctional fetal lungs while the fetus obtains its oxygen from the placenta. A layer of tissue called the septum primum acts as a valve over the foramen ovale during fetal development. After birth, the pressure in the right side of the heart drops as the lungs open and begin working, causing the foramen ovale to close entirely. In approximately 25% of adults, the foramen ovale does not entirely seal. In these cases, any elevation of the pressure in the pulmonary circulatory system (due to pulmonary hypertension, temporarily while coughing, etc.) can cause the foramen ovale to remain open. This is known as a patent foramen ovale (PFO), which is a type of atrial septal defect.